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'

ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

VOLUME XVI

ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

VOLUME XVI

PRINTED FOR THE

TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

BY NEILL AND CO., LTD., 212 CAUSEWAYSIDE, EDINBURGH.

1917-1933.

TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM.

Sir THOMAS MUIR, C.M.G., M.A., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S.

J. G. VAN DER HORST, Esq.

Prof. WILLIAM ADAM JOLLY, M.B., Ch.B., D.Sc., F.R.S.S.Afr.

W. J. THORNE, Esq.

W. BRINTON, Esq.

SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN

MUSEUM.

EDWIN LEONARD GILL, D.Sc., Director.

KEPPEL HARCOURT BARNABD, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Assistant Director; in charge
of Fish and Marine Invertebrates.

Miss STAR GARABEDIAN, M.A., Assistant in charge of the Botanical Department.

REGINALD FREDERICK LAWRENCE, B.A., Ph.D., Assistant in charge of Reptiles,
Batrachians, and Arachnids.

ALBERT JOHN HESSE, B.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant in charge of the Entomological
Department.

LIEUWE DIRK BOONSTRA, D.Sc., Assistant in Palaeontology.

SIDNEY HENRY HAUGHTON, B.A., D.Sc., F.G.S., Honorary Keeper of the Geological
and Palaeontological Collections.

ASTLEY J. H. GOODWIN, M.A., Honorary Keeper of the Ethnological and Archaeo-
logical Collections.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

S. GARABEDIAN. PAGE

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Flora of South-West Africa.

No. 1. List of Grasses. Plate VIII 381

E. P. PHILLIPS.

A Contribution to the Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs: with a
Discussion on the Relationships of the Floras of Basutoland, the
Kalahari, and the South-eastern Regions. Plates I-VII 1

M. A. POCOCK.

Volvox and Associated Algae from Kimberley. With Field Notes by

J. H. POWER. Plates XXV-XXXVII, and Seven Text-figures . 473

M. A. POCOCK.

Volvox in South Africa. Plates XXXVIII-XLIX, and Ten Text-figures 523

F. RICH and M. A. POCOCK.

Observations on the Genus Volvox in Africa. Plates IX-XXIV, and

Six Text-figures 427

vu

DATE OF ISSUE OF THE PARTS.

Part 1, June 21st, 1917.
Part 2, April, 1925.
Part 3, July, 1933.

IX

*..;

LIST OF PLATES.

PLATE
I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

VII.
VIII.

IX.-XXIV.
XXV.-XXIX.

XXX.

XXXI-XXXIII.
XXXIV.
XXXV.

Lobelia Tysonii Phillips. Anthrixia font-ana MacOwan.

Blepharis espinosa Phillips. Utricularia hu mills Phillips.
( Lotononistrisegmentata Phillips. WahlenbergiadfpressaW.& E.
\ Lobelia aquatica Phillips.

Euryops Annae Phillips.

fHeliophila liuxuticu Phillips. Psammotropha androsacea Fenxl.
I Wahlenbergia basutica Phillips. IF. depressa W. & E.
(Helichrysum calocephalum Schltr. H. rndnii Sp. Moore.
\Crepi-s polyodon Phillips. H. chionosphaerum D.C.

Map of Basutoland.

Map of South-West Africa.

South African Volvox.

ggas.

Volvox gigas and africanus.
Volvox africaimx.

Volvox rousseletii forma griquaensis.
Volvox roussehtii forma griquaensis and Kirchneridla africana.

XXXVI-XXXVII. Sphaerocystis poweri.
XXXVIII-XLIX. Volvox in South Africa.

XI

INDEX OF GENERA.

Contained in Parts 2 and 3.
(An index of genera in Part 1 will be found on pp. 372-377.

Agrostis .

Amphilophis

Andropogon

Anthephora

Aristida .

Arundo

Brachiaria
Bromus

Chloris
Cymbopogon
Gynodon .

Dactyloctenium
Danthonia
Dichantium
Digitaria .
Diplachne

Echinochloa

Ehrhata .

Eleusine .

Elyonurus

Elytrophorus

Enneapogon

Enteropogon

Entoplocamia .

Eragrostis

Eremopogon

Eriochloa

Eudorina .

Eulalia

Enstachys

B

C

D

E

PAGE

400
384
386
395
400
398

389
426

421

386
420

422
398
385

388
418

391
425
421
383
426
423
420
426
410
385
388
479
383
421

Fingerhuthia

Hemarthria

Heteropogon

Hyparrhenia

Imperata .

Kirchneriella

Leptochloa
Leucophrys

Microchloa
Monelvtrum

Odyssea .
Oropetium

Panicum .

Paspalum

Pennisetum

Pentaschistis

Perotis

Phragmites

Pogonarthria

Polypogon

F

H

K

M

PAGE

425

383

387
387

383

506

419

389

419

407

419
419

392
390
396
398
407
399
409
399

xin

XIV

Index of Genera.

Schismus .

Schizachyrium

Schmidtia

Setaria

Sorghum .

Sphaerocystis

Sporobolus

Stipa

Themeda .

Trachypogon

Tragus

Trichopteryx

Tricholaena

Tripogon .

Triraphis .

PAGE
426
385
424
393
384
501
407
406

388
387
406
398
394
423
422

U

Urochloa

Vetiveria

Volvox

Vossia

Wilkommia

Xyochlaena

PAGE

. 390

. 384

427, 480, 529, 647
383

W

419

395

ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM.

(VOL. XVI.)

1. -A Contribution to the Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ* :
n-itli a Discussion on the Relationships of the Floras of Basutoland,
the Kalahari, and the South-Eastern Regions. By E. P. PHILLIPS,
M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Assistant.

CONTENTS.

KlliE

I. INTRODUCTION . 2

II. THE LERIBE FLORA :i

Orography and Geology . . 3

Meteorology . . . 4

Oecological and Biological Features 5

Native Names and uses of Plants . 10

Alien Flora . 12

Systematic Constituents of the Flora . 13

III. THE EASTERN MOUNTAIN REUION. . . 14

Orography . . . 15

Geology . 17

Meteorology . . ID

Systematic Constitu silts . !' tlie Flora . 21

IV. Tim KALAHARI FLORA . 23

Introduction . 23

Meteorology . 25

Systematic Constituents of the Flora 20

V. A COMPARISON OF TUK FLORAS OF THIS EASTERN MOUNTAIN

AND KALAHARI REGIONS . . 27

VI. THK SOUTH-EASTERN HEGIUN . . 3D

1

37228

2 Annals of the South African Museum.

VII. A COMPARISON OF THE FLORA OF THE EASTERN MOUNTAIN AND

SOUTH-EASTERN REGIONS . . .31

VIII. SUMMARY ........ 32

IX. LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THK EASTERN MOUNTAIN REGION,

WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES . . . .33

X. INDEX TO G-ENEHA ....... 372

I. INTRODUCTION.

THE present paper is the outcome of an investigation undertaken by
the writer, of the flora of Leribe in northern Basutoland. Hitherto
Basutoland has not received the attention from botanical collectors
which it deserves, and the only collections as far as I am aware, are
those of Cooper, who journeyed through Basutoland (unfortunately
his plants are not properly localised) ; the Rev. J. Buchanan, who
botanised in the Leribe District ; Mr. J. Thode, who collected on the
Basutoland side of the Drakensbergen ; and Mr. E. E. Galpin, who
explored the high mountains separating Basutoland from Barkly
East and as far inland as the Buffalo River Waterfall. The results
of Mr. G-alpin's investigations were read before the South African
Association for the Advancement of Science in 1908.

The Rev. H. Dieterleu and his wife, Madame A. Dieterleu, of the
French Protestant Missionary Society, who were stationed for many
years at Leribe, have been deeply interested in the local flora.
Madame Dieterlen has made an exhaustive collection of the native
plants, the bulk of which she forwarded to the South African Museum
herbarium for identification. The writer has thus had unique
opportunities during the past seven years of becoming fairly well
acquainted with a part of the Basutoland flora, and more especially
with that of Leribe. In February 1913, he paid a visit to Leribe
for the purpose of studying the flora on the spot.

When naming Madame Dieterlen's plants and comparing them
with the specimens in our herbarium, I was particularly struck by the
fact that so many of the species also occurred in the Eastern parts
of South Africa such as the Transkei, Komgha, Pondoland, East
Griqualand, Natal, etc., and then came to the conclusion that
Basutoland ought not to be included in the Kalahari Region. This
led me to make a more detailed study of the subject, with the result
that I have attempted in the following pages to prove what Bolus :;:
first suggested, viz. that Basutoland and parts of the surrounding
country form a distinct floral area.

* " Sketch of the Floral Regions of South Africa," Science iu South Africa.
Cape Town. 1905.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 3

The principal collections (besides those of Madame Dieterlen and
my own) which have been examined and embodied in the list at the
cm I of the paper are the following: Dr. Bolus' and Mr. H. G. Flana-
gan's, made in the neighbourhood of Witzie's Hoek and the Mont-
aux-Sources; collections made by Messrs. J. Thode, J. M. Wood, and
M. Evans on the Drakensbergen and the higher parts of Natal;
Mr. Galpin's and Drege's collections from the high mountains
M-paiMting Basutoland from Barkly East ; Burke and Zey her' s, from
the Orange Free State.

My thanks are due to Mrs. F. Bolus, B.A., the Curator of the Bolus
Herbarium, South African College, Cape Town, who has allowed me
every facility for consulting that collection, and who has verified the
naming of some species of Orchidaceae and Mesembrianthemum ; to
Dr. S. Schouland, M.A., of the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, who
examined some critical species of Crassulaceae; to Dr. O. Stapf, F.R.S.,
the Curator of the Kew Herbarium, who named some of the Gramineae
and Cyperaceae ; to the late Dr. J. M. Wood and Mr. E. E. Galpin,
F.L.S., who kindly sent me for examination some type specimens
which were in their respective collections. To Madame Dieterleu
I am under a deep debt of gratitude for her hospitality, which was
extended to me and my wife when at Leribe ; for her efforts in
obtaining the Sesuto names and uses of the local flora ; and for
allowing me the use of her large herbarium. It is due solelv to her

o

untiring zeal and energy that our knowledge of the Leribe flora has
been gained.

II. THE LEEIBE FLORA.
OROGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY.

The portion of the country investigated botanically was the Leribe
Plateau, its slopes, ravines, and the surrounding plains (see fig. 1).

Leribe Plateau is situated in the Leribe District, Northern Basuto-
land, not far from the borders of the Orange Free State. The plateau
stands as an isolated table-laud, 5-6000 ft. high, sharply marked off
from the surrounding plain by walls of rock which rise perpendicularly
for 2-300 ft. The area of the summit is roughly 30 sq. miles. At
the southern end is a peak, Qoqolosi Peak, which reaches nearly
8000 ft. in altitude. The lower slopes of the plateau merge gradually
into the plain, and numerous ravines, with rocky stream-beds, are
found all round its boundaries.

The plateau is built up of Cave-sandstone belonging to the Storm-
berg Series (see also geology of the Eastern Mountain Region) with a

4

Annals of the South African

capping of dolerite on Qoqolosi Peak. The plain and valley of the
Caledoii River are composed of silt washed down by the streams and
mountain torrents which are suddenly formed during the heavy
summer rains.

FIG. 1.

LERIBF DISTRICT

METEOROLOGY.

I have been unable to obtain records of the temperature at Leribe,
but from data available we know that extremes of heat and cold are
experienced during the course of the year. During the mouths of
June and July the temperature falls below freezing point during the
night. Occasionally frost occurs as early as May and lasts until
September, and snow falls once or twice a year but melts after a few
hours, except on the highest peaks, where it sometimes remains for
days or weeks. In summer, from November to March, severe hail-
storms accompanied by thunder and lightning are frequent, and, as
will be seen from the accompanying table, these are also the rainy
months. The rains are usually preceded by northerly winds, but
strong westerly winds blow from August to October. The country is

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 5

often subjected to drought, when the vegetation presents ascorched-up
appearance.

The mean average rainfall at Leribe during the five years 1909-1913
was 27'01 in., most of which falls from December to March. The
drv months are from June to September.

Rainfall at Leribe Mission Station*

1909.

1910.

1911.

1912.

1913.

Average for

5 years.

January .

1012

6-84

2-25

1-49

2-73

4-68

February .

8-11

5-96

1-10

10-44

4-42

6-00

March

3-32

3-14

6-25

1-59

3-75

3-61

April

1-02

0-87

2-75

4-27

1-68

2-11

May

2-39

0-64

1-97

2-02

0-19

1-44

June

o-oo

0-26

0-21

0-79

0-09

0-27

July

0-11

0-15

0-85

0-24

0-02

0-27

August

0-67

0-06

0-76

o-oo

0-65

0-42

September

. 1-23

1-77

0-05

0-01

0-65

0-74

October .

0-38

5-38

2-29

1-34

3-16

2-51

November

2-60

1-47

2-24

1-16

2-61

2-01

December 6'06 1*59 0'65 6'28 0-00 2*91

OECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES.

The general aspect of the plains, slopes, and plateau is that of a
grass-land, though in a few localities thickets composed principally of
Cussonia paniculata and Euclea lanceolata, intertwined with Rhoicisstis
cuneifolia, are seen under the precipitous cliffs. The valley and plain
are largely cultivated with maize and Kaffir-corn, while the plateau
affords good grazing for numerous head of cattle, sheep, and goats.
On the plain the predominant grass is Eragrostis plana, among which
many herbaceous and sub -herbaceous plants are found. Owing to
the extensive cultivation it is not surprising to find also a large
number of imported weeds, and such species as Datura Stramonium,
Verbena offn-i nalis, Chenopodiwm murale, C. ambrosioides, Alternanthera
Achyrantha, Amaranthus />ai/i<-iiliitns, etc., are commonly met with.

On the west slopes of the plateau the predominant grasses are
Amlropogon hirtus, Erai/msfis curvula var. conferta,
imlierbis var. molli<-<na, and Eragrostis )>lnn<t : Tricholaena

us. Sr1rin Jlali/'Uata, Andropogon contortus, Penni-
are common, while less frequent are

Records kept by the Rev. H. Dieterlen.

G Annals of the Soiith African Museum.

brizoides and E. r/ummiflvn. Growing among the grasses are
numerous annuals and perennials, mostly of a herbaceous character
and low growth, few, except rouud marshy patches, exri-eding '2 ft, in
height. Some of the typical plants found in these localities were
ihi ilium undnlitf/nn, Cynoglossum micranthum, C. eneri-e,

Cyanotis nodi flora, Conyztt jioilorrfthala, Helichrysum
losum, Nemesia foetens var., Rhus Sonden var., Mahernia coccocarpa,
Zliiiini iiiiilti'iforn, tinlrici repens, Solanum indicum, Sntera filicauli*,
Hieracium capense, Rhus discolor, PolygaJa rarifolla, Dianthus scaber,
Striga elegans, BerJcheya setifera, Vernonia Kraussii. Under, or in
the shade of, rocks or large boulders scattered on the slopes are found
Oldenlandia Heynei, Tephrosia capensis, Stachys aethiopicavaY.,Eucomis
^mdulata, Richardia albomaculata, Lobelia Erinus, Dicoma anomala,
and numerous ferns, all shade-loving plants. In damp patches
Cyperus usitatus is found growing subsocially. The few bushes
present are not sufficiently numerous in individuals to affect the land-
scape. Those which were recorded are Asclepias fruticosa, Leonotis
mollis, Rhus erosa, a,n.df Solanum indicum.

The southern slopes of the plateau do not bear such a luxuriant

grass formation as the western and northern slopes. The predominant

grass pi-eseiit is Eragrostis plana. Eragrostis curvula var. conferta, so

common on the western slopes, is here of secondary importance. It

was on this side of the plateau that the heaths, orchids, and most of

the bulbous plants were collected. The rest of the vegetation is of a

very similar character to that described above, but only more evident

owing to the less dense covering of grass. Many of the species taken

here are common to the other slopes of the plateau, though some,

such as Pentanisia varinbili*, Crassula parvula, Monsonia biflora,

Pharnaceuiii th'tonsum, Wahlenbergia ih'jirfssa, Phytolacca I<cp1un<lr<i,

etc., were confined to this locality. In some places Salvia stenopliylht

and Phytolacca heptandra form large patches to the almost complete

exclusion of other plants.

The western and northern ravines, as stated above, are thickly
wooded. When the sides of the ravine are steep the bush extends to
under the cliffs, but when the sides slope gently to the bed of the
ravine they are covered with grass. Leucosidea sericea is the pre-
dominant tree. - Of secondary importance are Kiggeleria africana,
Cassinopsis capensis, Ilex capensis, Rhamnus prinoides, while specimens
of Plectrotiia riluitit and Celastrus buxifolius are rare. The under-
growth is composed mainly of Myrsine africana, but Euclea coriacea,
Chiytia pulchella and Buddleia salvifolia are common; Rhus pyroides
being less frequent. At Lefi's Kloof, the grassy slopes on either side

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 7

of the broad shallow opening to the ravine proper are the habitats of
the only Protea found at Leribe, viz. P. ca/ra. In habit it closely
resembles P. gnoidi flora of the Western Province, and at a distance
might easily be mistaken for that species. The area which the plants
occupy is very limited, as no specimens are found in the deeper parts
of the ravine. Numerous shade-loving plants, almost all herbaceous,
are found growing in the ravines. Some are found on the damp
grassy slopes in the shadow of the cliffs or under trees, others grow
deeper down in the ravine under rocks. Among many such plants
gathered were Alepidea amatymbica, Hypoxis Gerrardi, Mysotis afro-
palustris, Geranium canescens, Galiunt rotundifolium, Scabiosa Colum-
baria, and numerous ferns. The streams from the ravines, as they
enter the level plain, form small marshes. Such situations are chiefly
occupied by Mariscus conyestus and Polyi/onuin serrulatum, while
bushes of Cluytia natalensis are common round the wet margins.

The summit of the plateau presents the appearance of a large flat
covered with short grass. Nowhere is there the same luxuriance of
grass-growth as in the valley and on the slopes, and bush of any
description is quite absent. The low grass-formation is due chiefly,
I consider, to the amount of grazing by cattle, sheep, and goats, and
also to the fact that the tall grasses found at the lower levels are
absent on the summit, their place being taken by Aristidaadscensionis,
Elionuriis aryenteus, Digitariamonodactijln, and Andropogon contort us.
It is very possible that the more succulent grasses have been destroyed
on the plateau by overstocking, leaving the coarse Brasses in possession.
I might mention that very few, if any, cattle are allowed to graze on
the lower slopes in summer, owing to the difficulty of keeping them
from damaging the crops. Among the plants gathered on the plateau
were Lobelia (Hetzleria dregeana), Rhyncliosia Totta, Venidmm
arctotoides, Alcheniilla Woodii, Dicoma anotualt, Crassula basutica,
etc. The damp banks of streams and pools were the habitats of
hydrophilous plants such as Poli/gonum spj>., Rumex spp., Salvia repens,
Ht'Uehrytiini simillimum, Xyris capensis, Utricularia spp., Linwsella
major, Ranunculus Meyeri, and numerous Cyperaceae.

Qoqolosi Peak carries a different^formation from that of the suri'ound-
iug plain. As the peak is ascended the grasses disappear and their
place is taken by succulent plants, plants of a dwarf habit, and small
shrubs. The succulent plants were mostly species of Crassula;
Lotononl* Woodii, Melolobium adenocles, Heliophila basutica (PI. V,
fig. 1) were typical of the dwarf plants ; Antlwspermum pumilum,
Sutera aspalanthoides , 8. pristisepala, Melolobium microphyllum were
representative of the stunted bush.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Among the plants which go to make up a plant community wo mav
expect, to find plants of very diverse habit and form, and the flora,
of Leribe is no exception to this when the individual species are
studied. The conditions under which plants live is the dominating
factor in determining their form, so that, it is not surprising to find
that, nearly all the species, with the exception of those inhabiting Ihe
damp shady ra,vines, exhibit marked xerophytic characters, and many,
especially from the higher altitudes, assume a sub-alpine habit. (See
Pis. V, VI.)

Annual plants as Cotula anthem oides, Arctotis stoechadifolia, Ursinia
annua, Sebaea exigua and Exochaenium grande, which spring up after
the summer rains have commenced, are not numerous. The majority
of the species are perennials, and exhibit various devices whereby they
are enabled to withstand the extreme drought during the winter
months from June to September, when less than 2 in. of rain falls for
that period. Plants with long tap-roots, thick tuberous roots, and
underground woody stems, are common. Sonchus nanus, Ipomoea
simplex, Arthrosolen gymnostachys, Lotononis basutica, and Argyro-
lobium spp. may be taken as typical of the tap-rooted plants. Senecio
erubescens, S.serra, Helichrysum undatum var. pallidum, H. latifolium,
Gerberapiloselloides, G. viridifolia have many thick roots. Helichrysum
platypterum, H. psilolejns, Othonna natalensis, and Crepis polyodon
(PI. VI, fig. 3) are representative of plants Avith woody underground
stems. A few plants, such as Brachystelma foetidum and several
Orchidaceae, possess underground tubers. Under this category must
also be mentioned a number of Monocotyledons with underground
bulbs and corms. Plants with a tufted habit forming cushions are
not numerous ; the two most typical representatives of this form are
Gazania armerioides and Psammotropha androsacea (PI. V, fig. 2).
Prostrate plants are represented by Helichrysum ericaefolium var.
albidulum, H. caespititium, H. chinosphaerum (PL VI, fig. 4),
H. Randii (PI. VI, fig. 2), Lightfootia, denticulata, Lobelia dregetinu,
Ursinia montana, Herniaria hirsuta, Argyrolobium nanum, etc. The
prostrate creepers met with were Convolvulus capensis var. pliciitu,
C. ulosepalus, Ipomoea oblongata var. hirsuta, and Dicoma ariomala.
The pi'incipal climbers noted were Clematis brachiata, Bhoicissus
(Cissus cuneifolia], Cynanchum virens, and Riocreuxia pic. fa. Sarc.o-
stemma viminale and Helichrysum Sutherlandi were the only two
pendent species met with. They were both growing on cliff faces and
hanging down in festoons. Succulent, plants constitute a very small
percentage of the flora both in species and in individuals. Cotyledon
orbiculata ma,y perhaps form an exception to the latter statement, as

<>f tin' Lcribf Plat nut it ml Kin-in HI*. 9

near the cliffs at the entrance of the large ravine between the Mission
Station and Jonathan's village the writer came across a large area on
which this species was growing. The other succulent plants noted
were MesembriantJiemum s/>p., Crassula *pj>.. Aloe .<^>., Bnlbiiir */<//.,
and tffn/x'Hii jlnrlroxfri*. Many plants only possess radical leaves
which lie more or less flat on the ground. Some of these recorded
were Wahlenbergia <ui'lr<i*;-nt, Brrkhei/n (Stocbnt aristosa) , Haplocarpha
scaposa, Gerbera piloselloides, G. viridifolia, SoncJius HHI/HN. Chironia
/H'htsfrix, Mitinilni crittxifrtlln and Crabbea Jtirxttta. For species with
the habit of trees or bush the reader is referred to the enumeration
of plants found in the ravines, with the addition of Printzia pyrifolia,
Osteospermum moniliferum, Rims spp., Biuldleia salvifolia, HaUrr/n
lucida, and Lycium spp., which form bushes from 4-8 ft. high.

The leaves exhibit xerophy tic characters in various ways and degrees.
In indumentum all stages from a pubescent to a woolly leaf are met
with. Plants with leaves woolly on both surfaces are Senecio macro-
spermus, Heliclinjsum callicomum, H. ceplialoldenm, H. psilolepis, H.
aureo-nitens, H. calocephalum (PI. VI, fig. 1), H. adenocarpum, Leo-
tonyx squarrosus, Sopubia cana, etc. Helichrysum Mundii, H. latifolium,
H. undatum var., Pentzia pyrifolia, Berkheya Kuntzii,B. onopordifolia,
B. montana, B. alba, Chilianthus corrugatus, Stachys ruyosa var. have
leaves woolly on the under- surf ace only. In Gerbera piloselloides,
Mentlia longifolia sub-sp. capensis, Argyrolobium nanum, Lotononis
basutica, etc., the leaves are hairy and not woolly. Solanum indicuin.
and 8. tomentosum have tomentose leaves. The only plants with
glandular leaves are Sutera pristisepala, Drosera burJceana, and D.
ri'ineniacea var. Scabrid-leaf plants were more frequent' and were
represented by Striga lutea, S.elegans, S. Tfiunbergii, Melasma basuticum,
and Verbena venosa. The amount of leaf-surface developed shows the
same great range of variation, viz. from reduced leaves in Walilen-
bergia denudata and Harveya spp. to the broad leaves of typical
mesophytes found in the ravines. Ericoid leaves were the most
common, and were noted in Helichrysum athrixii folium , H. rugulosum,
H. squarrosum, Pentzia virgata, Atltrixia elata, Mefalasia muricata,
fctoebe cineraria, Eriocephalus punctulatus, WaJtlenbergia depressa,
LigMfootia denticulata, Lobelia dedpiens,a,n<l Passcrina ericoides. In
Gazania armerioides the leaves are involute; in fiiiffrn iitn>jn>r/n/rea,
ftp? a go longipedicellata, and Walafrida densiflora the leaves are small
and fascicled. Among the plants which develop thorns may lie
mentioned Lycium *j>}i., Solanum */>/>., Axiir<njtix spp., and Celnxtnin
(Gymnosporia) bn.rif<>J!-nft.

All the parasitic plants found be-long to the KcrnplniJariaceae.

10 Annals of the South African Museum.

There were 4 species of Harveya, 4 species of Striga, and 2 species of
Melasma. Insectivorous plants were represented by 2 species of
Utricularia and 2 species of Drosera.

I should not consider this a floral region of great beauty where the
size and colouring of the flowers are concerned. This conclusion has
been arrived at from a study of the flowers of the various species,
and from an attempt to group them (excluding the Cyperaceae and
Gramineae) into the following three Classes,* viz. :

I. Large, gaily-coloured flowers, or when a number of small flowers
are grouped in large and conspicuous heads.

II. Medium-sized flowers.

III. Inconspicuous flowers.

Class I. (e.g. Srttnsvigia, Tpomoea, Gladiolus, etc.), approximately
46 per cent.

Class II. (e.g. Ranunculus, Silene, Erica, Sutera, etc.), approxi-
mately 46 per cent.

Class III. (e.g. Rhus, Celastrus, Phytolacca, etc.), approximately
8 per cent.

The great bulk of the species produce dry fruits, either dehiscent or
iiidehiscent ; fleshy fruits are only found in less than 5 per cent, of
the total number of species. The dry dehiscent and dry indehiscent
fruits are represented in about equal proportions. The Compositae,
Gramineae, Cyperaceae, etc., are the largest representatives of the
latter group (included among these are those fruits such as are found
in the Umbelliferae and Labiatae which split up into one-seeded
portions), while the Liliaceae, Leguminosae, Orchidaceae, Scropliu-
lariaceae, etc., contain the largest number of species which produce
the former type of fruit. It is not within the province of this paper
to go into any further details regarding the fruit and seeds ; it will
suffice to mention that such forms of fruit as (i) hairy fruits (e.y.
Clematis, Compositae), (ii) Spinv fruits (e. ;/. some Boraginaceae),
(iii) winged fruits (e.g. Rum ex) are met with. Hairy seeds occur in
the Asclepiadaceae, Salix, and Eriospermum ; winged seeds in many of
the Monocotyledons (e.g. Gladiolus, Urginea, etc.).

NATIVE NAMES AND USES OF PLANTS.

In an interesting paper f on "Zulu Medicine and Medicine-Men,"
the author in the Introduction states : " It is by no means an

* O. Stapf, " The Flora of Kinabalu," ' Trans. Linn. Soc.,' ser. 2, vol. iv, 1894.
t Rev. Alfred Bryant, " Zulu Medicine and Medicine-Men," ' Annals of the
Natal Government Museum,' ii, 1 (1909).

Flora- of the Leribe Plateau find Enrir<ntx. 11

exaggeration to affirm that comparatively the average Zulu can boast
of a larger share of pure scientific knowledge than the average
European." This statement applies with equal force to the natives
of Basutoland.

As the reader will observe in the following list of plants, all the
species collected in Basutoland by Madame Dieterlen and the author
have Sesuto names. In the majority of cases each species has a name
of its own by which it is distinguished from closely allied species or
from plants with a similar appearance, but, as for example in the
Juncaceae, Cyperaceae and Orchidaceae, there is usually but one
"generic" name which includes all the species of the particular
orders. The natives like the pre-Linnean botanists, in many cases
express the name in a short sentence, using as a basis either the
particular habit of the plant when it presents any striking feature,
such as the development of thorns, excessive hairiness, etc., or its use
when it possesses any medicinal or economic value. It is difficult, to
translate into English many of the Sesuto names, and in all cases a
literal ti'anslation is given. Where "meaning unknown" appears
after a Sesuto name it indicates that the natives can give no reason
for the plant being so called, not that they do not know it.

All the particulars as to the uses the plants are put to have been
given me by Madame Dieterlen, who has had a unique opportunity,
during her nineteen years' residence at Leribe, of obtaining such
information. The reader will notice that no mention is made of the
uses of many of the plants, and this means that the natives from
whom Madame Dieterlen obtained her information either did not
know of any use the particular plant was put to, or would not tell,
fearing that they might be imparting valuable secrets.

In a great many instances, when a native doctor is called to attend
a patient, he first consults his diviuing-boues to find out the cause
of the ailment, and after satisfying himself on this point, reconsults
them to find out the particular medicine to be administered.

The Basutos, like other South African natives, are great believers
in witch-craft, and they are firmly convinced that most of their
ailments are due to the evil influence of some person who may be
even living at a distance. To avert such evil influences or to break
their spell when they are at work, the natives employ divers " medi-
cines " and charms. These are administered in various ways, as
decoctions, lotions, powders, etc., or sprinkled in the huts or on their
persons, burnt in their courtyard, etc., as charms. The " medicines "
prepared from various plants are supposed to turn away lightning,
bring rain, or increase their crops, and there are few things in their

12

Annals of the Sonfh Afr'n-mi Mum- it in.

daily lit'* 1 that cannot be affected, either for good or ill, by a particular
preparation from a, plant or plants.

ALIEN FLORA.

There is a considerable alien flora at Leribe, consisting of 48 species
spread over 38 genera and 18 Orders. Most of the species are now
widely spread over South Africa,. The plants mentioned in the list
below. have not been included in the Leribe flora on the following
pages :

Papaveraceae.
Argemone mexicana, Linn.

Cruciferae.
Brassica pachypoda, Thellung,

var.

Lepidium Schinzii, Thellung.
Nasturtium officinale, R. Br.

CanjopliyUaceae.
Stellaria media, Vill.
Spergula arvensis, Linn.

Malvaceae.

Malva parviflora, Linn.
M. verticellata, Linn.

Zygophyllaceae.
Tribulus terrestris, Linn.

Geraniaceae.
Krodium cicutariuiu, L'Her.

Lecjuminosae.
Medicago laciniata, All.
Phaseolus Mungo, Linn.

Onagraceae.

Epilobium hirsutum, Linn.
E. tetragonum, Linn.
Oenothera biennis, Linn.
Oe. tetrapetala, Cav.
Oe. villosa,, Thunb.

Compositae.

Erigerou canadeuse, Linn.
Gruaphalium luteo-album, Linn.

Xanthium spinosum, Linn.
Bidens leucantha, Willd.
Senecio vulgaris, Linn.
Cnicus lanceolatus, Willd.
Sonclms oleraceus, Linn.

Solanaceae.

Solanum nigrum, Linn.
Physalis peruviana, Linn.
Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn.
Datura stramonium, Linn.
Nicotiana glauca, R. Graham.
N. rustica, Linn.

Scrophulariaceae.
"Vernonia anagallis, Linn.

Labiatae.
Mentha aquatica, Linn.

Amarantaceae.

Amaranthus paniculatus, Linn.
Achyranthes aspera^ Linn.

Chcnopodiaceae.

Cheuopodium ambrosioides, Linn.
C. murale, Linn.
C. album, Linn.
C. foetidum, Sclirad.
Roubieva multifidu, Moq.

Polygonaceae.

Polygonum aviculare, Linn.
P. lapathifolium sub.-sjt. niacu-

latum, Dyer & Trim.
Rumex Acetosella, Linn.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 13

Gramineae.
Euphorbia Peplus, Liuu. Poa aimua, Linn.

Brouius uuioloides, H.B.K.

Urticaceae.. Hordeum secaliuum, Schrcb.

Canuabis sativa, Liim. Zea Mais, Liuu. (cultivated).

THE SYSTEMATIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLORA.

The following list deals only with the area discussed iu the previous
pages, aud uulike most lists of this uature, which after all are only
approximate to the truth, it may be accepted as representing the true
composition of the flora of the Leribe plateau aud its environs. I do
not think there is a single species of Phanerogams or Ferus from this
locality that has not been collected by Madame Dieterleu.

Orders. Genera. Species.

Cryptogamia vasculares . 19 33

Phauerogamia.

Dicotyledons . . 64 . 220 . 478

Monocotyledons . . 13 . 109 . 271

Total (Phanerogams) 77 329 749

Proportion of Monocotyledons to Dicotyledons . 1 : T76
Proportion of genera to species . . . . 1 : 2'27

n , No. of Percentage of

species. total.

1. Compositae . .144 . 19-22

2 Gramineae . 87 .11-61

3. Cyperaceae . 53 7-20

4. Liliaceae 52 7'07

5. Scrophulariaceae . 42 . 5'59

6. Leguminosae 39 5 '20

7. Asclepiadaceae 27 3 '60

8. Orchidaceae. 25 3'33

9. Amaryllidaceae 20 2'80

10. Oassulaceae 17 2'40

11. Iridaceae .17 2 "40

12. Campauulaceae . 14 l - 87

13. Kubiaceae . 14 T87

14. Grerauiaceae . 13 I 1 74

15. Cruciferae . 12 T60

16. Anacardiaceae 10 . T33

17. Labiatae 10 1'33

14 Annals of the South African Museum.

Orders No - of Percentage of

species. total.

18. Umbelliferae 9 . . 1-20

19. Juucaceae 8 1-06

20. Solanaceae . 8 1-06

The following are the remaining Orders arranged according to the
number of species in each : Boraginaceae, Convolvulaceae, Ficoideae,
Rosaceae, Sautalaceae (7) ; Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Polygalaceae,
Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Sterculiaceae (6) ; Cucurbitaceae, Eri-
caceae, G-entiauaceae, Thymelaeaceae (5) ; Caryophyllaceae, Ebenaceae,
Selaginaceae (4) ; Amaraiitaceae, Commelinaceae, Urticaceae (3) ;
Acaiithaceae, Aroideae, Celastraceae, Dipsnceae, Droseraceae, Hyperi-
ciueae, Illecebraceae, Lentibularieae, Loganiaceae, Portulaccaceae,
Saliciueae (2) ; Ampelideae, Araliaceae, Bixiueae, Capparideae,
Eriocaulaceae, Halogoraceae, Linaceae, Menispermaceae, Myricaceae,
Myrsineae, Naiadaceae, Olacinaceae, Oleaceae, Ouagraceae. Papa-
veraceae, Pittosporaceae, Proteaceae, Resedaceae, Restiaceae, Rliam-
naceae, Valeriaceae, Verbenaceae, Xyridaceae (1).

The following are the largest genera: Helichrysum (30 species),
Senecio (21), Crassula (13), Andropogon, Cyperus, Hypoxis (11),
Lotononis, Rhus (10), Eragrostis (9), Bulbostylis, Juncus, Schizo-
glossum, Scilla, Scirpus, Wahleubergia (7), Asclepias, Asparagus,
Digitaria, Gladiolus, Solanum, Sutera, Thesium (6).

There are 189 genera represented by one species only.

III. THE EASTERN MOUNTAIN REGION.

All writers on the pliy to -geography of South Africa, despite the
divergence of their views as to the subdivisions of South Africa into
botanical regions, have agreed in including Basutoland in a region
generally termed the "Kalahari Region," the limits of which vary
according to their individual ideas.* Thus Thodet includes the S.W.
Protectorate, Bechuaualaud, the Orange Free State, Basutoland, the
Transvaal Hoogeveldt (south of the 26th parallel), and parts of the
N.E. Districts of the Cape Province in his "Kalahari Territory";
MarlothJ defines a region which he calls the " High Veldt," and while

* The reader should refer to a paper by R. Maiiotli (" Wissenschaftliche
ergebnisse der Deutscheii Tief see-Expedition auf dem Dampfer, ' Valdivia/ "
1898-1899, ii, 3, Pis. 4 and 5), where a set of instructive maps is given showing
the historical development of South African Phy to- Geography.

t Justus Thode, ' The Botanical Eegions of Natal, determined by Altitude/
Durban, 1901.

\ R. Maiioth, " The Phyto-Geographical Subdivisions of South Africa/"
' Report of the Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sc./ Cape Town, 1905.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 15

excluding much which comprises the " Kalahari Eegion " of Thode,
agrees so far as to include Basutolaud. Marloth however notes that
" lu the eastern parts the country is mountainous, and the vegetation
consequently more varied." Bolus,* whose paper is the classic on South
African Phyto-Greography, states in the introduction to the " Kalahari
Region " : "It must at once be stated that this vast region is as yet so
imperfectly explored as to its physical divisions, its aspect, its climate,
and the systematic constituents of its vegetation, that it is impossible
at present to do more than offer a very general view of a country which
will need many years of study, and which will hereafter almo.-t certainly
require to be divided into several Eegioiis or, at least, to be subdivided
into Provinces."

As now treated it is bounded on the west by the still less explored
Western Eegion, on the south by the Upper Eegion, on the south-east
and east by the mountains of the South-Eastern Coast Kegion, on the
north by the great Tropical Eegion, which is beyond the scope of our
inquiry.

It thus includes :

1. The higher eastern mountain country, forming parts of Cape
Colony, Natal, and Basutolaud, with an altitude higher than :i500 ( r
4000 ft. (This, in our view, will probably hereafter require, separa-
tion as a Eegion or Province.)

2. Almost the whole of the Orange Eiver Colony, of the Transvaal,
and Bechuaiialaud.

I quote the above in full, as Bolus was the first to realise the
mistake of including Basutoland and parts of the surrounding country
with the major portion of the Orange Free State, the Transvaal, and
Bechuanaland. He was however unable to follow up his view owing
to the lack of sufficient material. In the ' Flora Capeusis,' the standard
work on South African Systematic Botany, Basutoland is also included
in a Kalahari Eegion almost identical with that of Bolus

It is a portion of the first part of Bolus' " Kalahari Eegion " that
is dealt with in this paper.

OROGRAPHY.

The Eastern Mountain Eegiou, as the writer has limited it for the
present, is a large tract of country lying between the 28th and 30th
degree of latitude, and at its widest limits extending from the
27th degree of longitude on the west to about midwav between the

' f H. Bolus, " Sketch of the Floral Kegions of South Africa," < Sciej

SlsriV^

South Africa,' 1905. . .

>/

16

Ainndx <>!' l/ir Sunt/1 A/'r/rtiii

29th and'SOth degree in the ea.it ; both at its northern and southern
extremities ["it becomes narrower. A glance at the map will show
that it h;is] a well-defined natural boundary on the west in the
shape of a continuous range of mountains running- almost parallel
with the Caledou River (PI. VII). The change in the flora westward

FIG. 2.

OWN GE- FREE

points to the above mountain-range being almost a true floral boundary.

*s

The southern limits of this region I havejprovisionally regarded to be
the Wittebergeii, which separates Basutoland from Barkly'East, though
I am led to believe from a study of] what is known of the flora of
Aliwal North, Wodehouse, and Barkly East, that when these districts
are better explored botauically, the Stormberg liunge will prove to be
the southern boundary. On the east the boundary line follows the
contour of the Drakensbergen at an altitude of about 5000 ft., below

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 17

which the flora assumes a different character. The Natal portion of
the Eastern Mountain Region would correspond to Thode's " Mountain
Region."^ The northern portion of our Region converges on the
Drakeusbergen and does not exceed 50 miles in breadth. I have not
extended my enquiries in detail beyond the 28th parallel, though
Bolus extended this region northward as a narrow strip, as far as
Barberton.

The Eastern Mountain Region as defined above then includes the
whole of Basutoland, a strip of the Orange Free State from Nelson's
Kop on the north to the Orange River on the south, which forms a
rough horse-shoe, a small portion of the Cape Province on the south,
and a portion of East Griqualancl and Natal bordering the Drakens-
bergen. This area forms a well-defined elevated table-land above
5000 ft. in altitude on its outermost limits, with a general elevation
of 8000 ft. in the greater part of Basutolaud, and rising to peaks
10,000 ft. and over on the Drakensbergen (see fig. 3).

Basutolaud, which forms the major portion of the Eastern Mountain
Region, is a great tract of high country, 10,300 square miles in area,
of which the Drakensbergen is the south-eastern edge. The top of
the Drakensbergen slopes gently westwards, and the sloping ground
is covered with grass, heather, bog, and rocks ; all the cliffs are on
the Natal side. A long range of mountains, the Maluti Mountains,
traverses Basutoland in a south-westerly direction, but throughout
the country is mountainous and in some parts difficult of access.

GEOLOGY.

For a more detailed account of the geology the reader is referred to
papers by Dr. A. L. du Toitf and Mr. F. F. Churchill, from which
the following has been extracted.

The whole of Basutoland is built up of Storniberg beds divided up
as follows in descending orders (see fig. 3).

4. Volcanic beds.
3. Cave Sandstone.
2. Red beds.
1. Molteno beds.
1. MOLTENO BEDS. This formation crops out over flattish ground

* Thode, loc. cit.

t A. L. du Toit, -'The Forming of the Drak eiisbergen," 'Trans. S. Afr.
Philos. Soc.,' vol. xvi, 1, pp. 53-57.

J F. F. Churchill, " Notes on the Geology of the Drakensbevgen," Loc. cit.,
vol. x, 3.

This sketch has kindly been drawn for me by Mr. S. H. Haxightou, B.A.
F.G.S.

18

Annals of the South African Museum.

at the foot of the Drakeiisbergen, and on the western borders of
Basutoland.

FIG. 3.

2. RED BEDS. These extend into Basutolaud, and are exposed in
the valley of the Orange River. They can also be followed along the
flanks of the mountains of the Basutoland border from Kornet Spruit,

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 19

past Mafeteng, Maseru, Tholtse, to the head of the Caledou Eiver.
The high ground to the north of Ficksburg and round Harrismith is
built up of Ked beds and Cave Sandstone.

3. CAVE SANDSTONE. So called on account of the unequal weather-
ing which causes the formation of large caves. It varies in thickness
from 2-400 ft., and rests on the Eed beds.

4. VOLCANIC BEDS. Consist almost entirely of basic lavas which
penetrate the sedimentary rocks. On the Natal side of the Drakens-
bergen the dolerite capping does not extend lower than 5900 ft. to
6100 ft. above sea-level.

The whole of these Stormberg beds rest on the Karroo beds which
crop out in the Orange Free State and in the lower parts of Natal
(see fig. 3). The soils derived from the Stormberg Series are very
uniform in texture and fine in grain, and contain relativelv laro-e

*

proportions of lime.*

The reader will have noticed that both the altitude and the geological

O O

formation mark off the Eastern Mountain Region into a well-defined
area.

METEOROLOGY.

The temperature and rainfall records from this Region are very
meagre. What records I have been able to obtain are given in the
following tables :

TABLE 1. Annual Eainfall, 1901-1908.

19nl ' 1902 ' 1903 ' 1904 ' 1905 ' 1906 - 190 ~- 1908. Mean.

Mafeteng . 5600 21'66 26'55 25'17 37'37 22'67 26'68f

Mohalie's Hoek 2722 2974 18'94 20'85 28'72 28'19 41'30 28'02 27'87

Maseru . . 5065 29'46 32'24 23'20 23'47 30'08 30'98 39'09 21'64 24'89

Teyateyaneng . 5690 37'00 33'78 20'52 24'49 30'28 28'00 39'30 27'21 30'07
Moyeni Quth-

ing . 6000 42-81 22'01 24-47 37'53 46'12 34'58f

Quacha's Nek . 6236 28'74 27'00 27'63 25-31 32'35 27'68 46'19 43'37 32-28

t Average for five years.

The only other records are for Harrismith, 25'43 inches (1905)
24-91 inches (1913), and Thaba Uiichu, 19'09 inches (1904). For the
rainfall at Leribe the reader is referred to a table on p. 5.

* C. F. Juritz, " The Fertility of some Colonial Soils, as Influenced by
Geological Conditions," ' Trans. S. Afr. Philos. Soc.,' vol. xviii, p. 27.

20

Annals of the South African Museum.

TABLE II. Rainfall during the six Summer Months (October-

1901-1908.

1901. 1902.

Alt. in
feet.

Mafeteng . 5600

Mohalie's Hoek 20'67 20-76

Maseru . 5065 24'02 22'99

1903. 1904. 1905. 1900. 1907. 1908.

17-01 19-79 20-03 26'95 15-84

12-18 16-62 22-06 2366 29'64 19"42

17-10 19-05 25-50 26-37 30'36 15'62

Teyateyaneng. 5690 30'46 24'96 14'30 18'98 25'69 23'58 29'75 20'42
Moyeni Quth-

ing . 6000 32-54 14'60 18'38 29'49 32'63

Quacha's Nek 6236 23'98 21'95 20'30 24'10 28'68 24'82 36'74

* Average for five years. f Average for seven years,

May),

Mean.

19-20*
20-62
22-62
23-51

25-52*

2559t

TABLE III. Rainfall during the six Winter Months (April-September) t

1901-1908.

Alt. in
feet.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1901.

1905.

1906.

1907.

1908.

Mean.

Mafeteng .

5600

6-77

8-01

4-65

6-76

5-14

10-42

6'83

694*

Mohalie's Hoek

6-55

8-98

6'

76

4-23

6-66

4-53

1166

8-60

7-24

Maseru

5065

5-44

9-25

6

10

4-42

4-58

4-61

8-73

6-02

6-14

Teyateyaneng .

5690

6-54

8-82

6

22

5-51

4-59

4-42

9-55

6-79

6-63

Moyeni Quthing

6000

10-27

9-01

7

41

6-09

8'04

13-49

9-05f

Quacha's Nek

6236

4'76

5-05

7

35

1-21

367

2-86

12-45

1035

596

Average for seven years.

Average for six years.

TABLE IV. Rainfall <!/<riny the Months of May August, the per/ml

of Least,

Mafeteng
Mohalie's Hoek
Maseru
Teyateyaneng
Moyeni Quthing
Quacha's Nek

* Average for seven yeai-s.

Alt. in
feet.

5600

5065
5690
6000
6236

1901.

1-40
2-38
0-82
1-88
4-19
1-03

1902.

1-89
3-78
3-99
2-11
5-45
2-90

1003.

3-26
2-02
1-32
3-19
2-23

1!

1

2
3
2

101.

14
93

50
26
95

'77

1905.

2-66
2-66
1-60
0-93
3-65
0-93

1906.

1-01
1-25

1-20

0-84

0-63

1907.

4-80
491
2-63
2-91

5-87
2-99

1908.

3-46
4-44
2-71
3-80

256

Mean.

2-48*
3-07
2-15
2-13
4'21t
1-75

t Average for six years.

A reference to the above tables will show that it is a region of
summer rains ; over 75 per cent, of the total rainfall takes place from
October to May. The average annual rainfall is about 29'39 in.,
which compares favourably with other parts of South Africa, except
the Karroo, Upper, and certain parts of the Kalahari Regions. The
rainy mouths are usually January-February, when severe thunder-
storms often accompanied by hail, are frequent. During March and
April the rainfall diminishes, and a "dry period" (May-August),
during which less than 3 in. of rain are registered, intervenes between

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 21

the first rains which begin to fall about September or October. The
" dry period" is not so severe as that which occurs during the corre-
sponding months in the western part of the Kalahari, as a comparison
with the Table VII on p. 25 will show.

The only temperature records available are given in the following
table :

TABLE V. Temperature.

Altitude Number Absolute Absolute

in feet. of yeari. maximum. minimum.

Teyateyaiieng 5690 . 6 . 82'3 F. . 33"9 F.

Mohalie's Hoek . . 5 . 82'2 F. . 30-5 F.

Leribe . . 5210 . 2 . 83'0 F. . 32'2 F.

Moyeni Quthing . 6000 . 2 . 82'0 3 F. . 30'8 F.

Butha Buthe 5500 . 1 . 83'1 F. . 33'6 F.

It will be seen from the few data above that the extremes of
temperature are by no means great. This table should be compared
with Table VIII 011 p. 25. The few figures give no indication of the
temperature conditions on the high mountain peaks, some of which
rise to 10,000 ft. or more. These peaks are among the highest found
in South Africa, but none rise above the line of permanent snow,
though in winter many of them are capped with snow for days or
weeks at a stretch. The proper exploration of the peaks in this Region
will undoubtedly yield much that is of botanical interest.

Throughout this Region frosts are of frequent occurrence on the low
ground in winter.

SYSTEMATIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLORA.

Orders. Genera. Species.

Cryptogaiuia Vasculares 25 . 53

Plianerogamia

Dicotyledons 76 319 . 1041

Monocotyledons . 15 147 512

Total (phanerogams) 91 466 1553

Proportion of Monocotyledons to Dicotyledons 1 : 2'03

Proportion of genera to species

Predominating Orders.

Number of Percentage of
species. the whole.

1. Compositae . . 286 18'05

2. Gramineae . . 146

3. Liliaceae . 101 6'37

4. Leguminosae ... 95 5'99

22 Ann ah of the South African Museum.

Number of Percentage of
species. the whole.

5. Orchidaceae ... 89 5 - 61

6. Scrophulariaceae . 86 5 - 42

7. Cyperaceae ... 75 473

8. Asclepiadaceae . . 51 3'21

9. Amaryllidaceae . . 39 2 '46

10. Iridaceae . . 36 2'27

11. Crassulaceae . . . 35 . 2 '20

12. Labiatae . 34 2-14

13. Carapanulaceae . 31 1'95

14. G-eraniaceae ... 29 T83

15. Selaginaceae . 29 1-83

16. Grentianaceae . 21 l - 32

17. Umbelliferae . 21 1-32

18. Cruciferae 20 1-26

19. Ericaceae 20 1'26

20. Eubiaceae . 20 . 1'26

21. Ficoideae . 18 . M3

The following are the remaining Orders arranged according to the
number of species in each : Polygalaceae (15) ; A nacardiaceae,
Boraginaceae, Convolvulaceae (13) ; Eosaceae, Solanaceae (12) ; Mal-
vaceae, Eanunculaceae (11); Polygonaceae, Thymelaeaceae (10);
Caryophyllaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Ebenaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Sterculi-
aceae (9) ; Acanthaceae, Juncaceae, Santalaceae (8) ; Onagraceae (7) ;
Amarantaceae (6) ; Chenopodiaceae, Proteaceae, Verbenaceae (5) ;
Celastraceae, Dipsaceae, Naiadaceae, Urticaceae (4) ; Aroideae, Com-
melinaceae, Eriocaulaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Loganiaceae, Oleaceae,
Papaveraceae, Portulaceae, Tiliaceae (3) ; Dioscoreaceae, Droseraceae,
Gresneriaceae, Hypericinaceae, Halogoraceae, Illecebraceae, Lythraceae,
Siipiudaceae (2) ; Ampelideae, Apocynaceae, Araliaceae, Bixineae,
Capparideae, Hydrocharideae, Illicineae, Lineae, Menispermaceae,
Myricaceae, Myrsinaceae, Nyctagiiiaceae, Olaciuaceae, Passifloraceae,
Piperaceae, Pittosporaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Primulaceae, Eesedaceae,
Eestiaceae, Rhamnaceae, Salicaceae, Saxifragaceae, Valeriaueae,
Xyrideae, Zygophyllaceae (1).

The following are the largest genera : Helichrysum (61 species) ;
Senecio (56) ; Crassula (30) ; Erica, Sutera (18) ; Disa, Lotononis
(17) ; Sebaea (16) ; Andropogou, Hypoxis (15) ; Kniphofia, Selago
(14) ; Argyrolobium, Cyperus, Eragrostis, Eulophia, Grladiolus,
Schizoglossum, Wahlenbergia (13) ; Berkheya, Euryops, Habenaria,
Indigofera, Pelargonium, Ehus, Zaluzianskya (12).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 23

Among the Phanerogams enumerated in the list there are 273

species (17'23 per cent, of the total Phanerogamic flora) endemic.

The more important orders, of which more than 20 per cent, of the
species are endemic, are as follows :

Order Numb . 6r f Dumber of Percentage,
species. endemic species.

Selaginaceae .29 . 12 . 41'3

Ericaceae . 20 . 6 30'0

Campanulaceae 31 8 25'8

Compositae . 286 . 74 . 25'8

Crassulaceae 35 9 25' 7

Leguminosae .95 . 24 . 25'2

Grentianaceae . 21 . 5 . 23 - 8

Liliaceae 101 . 23 227

Orchidaceae. 89 20 22'4

Scrophulariaceae .86 . 19 . 22'0

The more important genera, of which more than 20 per cent, of the
species are endemic, are as follows :

Genus. Number of Number of Percentage,
species. endemic species.

Berkheva 12 7 58 '3

/

Lotononis 17 9 52'9

Disperis 10 . 5 . 50'0

Bury ops 12 . 6 . 50 '0

Hebenstreitia 10 5 . 50'0

Kniphofia . 14 . 7 . 50'0

Zaluzianskya 12 6 . 50'0

Wahlenbergia 13 . 6 . 46- 1

Stachys . 11 5 . 45'5

Alepidea 9 4 . 44-4

Selago . 14 . 6 42 -8

Erica . 18 . 6 . 33'3

Sebaea. 16 5 . 31'2

Crassula . 30 . 9 . 30'0

Helichrysum 61 . 18 29'5

Sutera ^ 18 . 5 27'7

Senecio 56 . 12 214

IV. THE KALAHAK1 FLOEA.

To arrive at the composition and the affinities of the flora of the

Eastern Mountain Region it has been necessary to draw up fresh lists
of the species occurring in the Kalahari and South-Eastern Regions,

24 Annals of the South African Museum.

as for our purpose the lists given by Bolus are useless for comparison,
for the reason, as I have pointed out above, that he included East
Gi-riqualand, Basutoland, etc., in his Kalahari Region, and the former
also in the South-Eastern Region. These fresh lists have been
compiled from the collections in the South African Museum and the
Bolus herbaria, and from records given in the ' Flora Capensis.'
Bolus was conscious of the heterogeneous nature of his Kalahari
Region, as he states it "will hereafter almost certainly require to be
divided into several Regions, or at least to be subdivided into
Provinces." From an examination of collections made in the Transvaal
round Houtbosch (and Pietersburg) and Barberton (above 4000 ft.),
I also support this view, though I think Bolus was wrong in including
Barberton in his proposed Eastern Mountain Region. Unfortunately
I have not been able to examine sufficiently large collections from
these localities to make any definite statement as to the true affinities
of the floras, but from the data brought together I have no hesitation
in saying that they cannot be included in the Kalahari Region. This
being my view, I have excluded from the Kalahari Region as under-
stood in this paper, all species which occur in the neighbourhood of
the high mountain range forming the northern contination of the
Drakensbergen.

The following reasons have led me to adopt this view :

1. The presence of at least 7 species of Ericaceae in these regions, viz.,
Erica alopecurus, Harv., E. alticola, G-. & B., E. Atherstonei, Diels.,
E. cerinthoides, Linn., E. drakensbergensis, Gr. & B., E. subverticillaris,
Diels., and E. Woodii, Bolus.

2. The presence of a large orchid flora. From Barberton 30 species
have been recorded, and from Houtbosch and Pietersburg 44 species.
The Kalahari Region contains 27 species of Orchidaceae, of which
only 7 species are common to either Barberton or Houtbosch. The
presence of epiphytic orchids is also significant. Megaclinium
Sandersoni, Oliv., Angraecum sacciferum, Lindl., and A. pusillum,
Lindl., occur at Barberton: Angraecum sacciferum, Liudl., and
A. tricuspe, Bolus, at Houtbosch.

3. The paucity of species of Asclepiadaceae. This important order
of the Kalahari Region, which ranks fourth (with 119 species) among
the predominant Orders, is as far as my information goes, only
represented at Barberton by 16 species and at Houtbosch by 12 species.
This paucity of species is also very noticeable in the Acanthaceae and
Convolvulaceae, both of which are characteristic Orders of the Kalahari
Region.

It is probable that when the floras of Barberton and Houtbosch are

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs.

25

better known they will prove to be rich in species which do not occur
in the Kalahari Region, as I find from the small collections examined
viz., 332 species from Barberton, and 424 species from Houtbosch and
Pietersburg, 49'09 per cent, of the former and 5047 per cent, of the
latter have not been recorded from the Kalahari Region.

METEOROLOGY.
TABLE VI. Rainfall, Kalahari Region.*

Upingtoii
Prieska .
Kimberlfv
Vryburg .
Mafeking
Pretoria .
Johannesburg
Bloemfontein

TABLE VII.-

Altitude
in feet.

Mean annual fall
for ten years.

nenn iiui uui
six winter
months.

2800

8-67

2-24

3300

11-41

3-07

4042

20-44

4-62

4300

25'50

3-85

4194

26-98

3-57

4471

2B-66

5735

30-26

4-56

4510

25-39

6-57

* Ex Holus.

Mean fall during Mean fall during
six summer
months.

6-43
8'34
15-82
21-65
23-41

25-70
18-82

-Rainfall during the Months of Maij August, the Period
<>f Lfatt Rainfall.

Alt.

1901.

1902.

1903*

1904.

1905.

1906.

1907.

1908.

Mean.

Upingtoii .

. 2SOO

o-oo

0-18

0-05

0-20

0-45

1-46

52

0'87

0-46

Prieska

. 3300

0-11

o-oo

0-15

0-49

1-27

1-86

1

59

3-35

1-10

Griquatown

. 3560

0-23

0-70

0-50

0-18

0-92

1-35

1

81

1-32

0-87

Douglas

. 3500

0-22

0-79

0-34

0-33

1-22

1-49

2

13

1-13

0-96

Kimberley .

. 4042

0-12

0-93

0-95

0-54

0-42

0-82

1

04

175

0-87

Vryburg

. 4300

0-45

0-67

0-95

0-19

0-26

0-04

1

56

1-35

0-68

Bloemfontein

4510

2-06

1-59

0-67

0-67

2-61

0-94*

* Average for five years.
TABLE 'VlYL.Teinjjerature. Kalahari Region.*

Kenhardt .

Prieska

Kimberley

Johannesburg

Kroonstad .

Bloemfontein

Alt.
metres.

830

Number of
years.

6

Absolute
maximum.

112-0 F.

1015

1

105-8 T.

1243

12

107-2 F.

1764

5

96-0 F.

1384

1

105-8 F.

1387

12

109-0 F.

* Ex Bolus.

Absolute
minimum.

20-0 F.
25 F.
21-5 F.
21-0F.
25-0 F.
16-0 F.

These tables should be compared with those under the Eastern
Mountain Region. The extreme drought, lasting from May to August,
and the greater extremes of temperature are the outstanding differences.

26 Annals of the South African Museum.

SYSTEMATIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLOEA.

Orders. Genera. Species.

Dicotyledons . 95 540 1752

Monocotyledons . 16 . 129 . 443

Totj] . Ill 669 . 2195

Proportion of Monocotyledons to Dicotyledons 1 : 3'95
Proportion of genera to species . . . 1 : 3'28

Predominating Orders.

Number of Percentage of
species. the whole.

1. Compositae . . . 257 . 11'70

2. Legumiuosae . . . 255 . 11'70

3. Grramineae . . . 140 . 6 - 37

4. Asclepiadaceae . . 119 . ' 5'42

5. Liliaceae . . . 104 . 4'73

6. Scrophulariaceae . . 95 4 - 32

7. Acanthaceae . . . 77 . 3-50

8. Cyperaceae . 63 2'87

9. Labiatae . . 57 2'59

10. Convolvulaceae . . 55 2'50

11. Rubiacea; 49 . 2-23

12. Stercnliaceae . 49 2'23

13. Euphorbiaceae . . 45 2'05

14. Iridaceae ... 42 1-91

15. Ficoideae . ' . 41 1-86

16. Malvaceae 30 1 37

17. Amaryllidaceae . . 29 1 33

18. Anacardiaceae . . 28 . 1*27

19. Amarautaceae . . 28 T27

20. Orchidaceae . 27 1-23

21. Verbenaceae . 27 . 1'23

22. Tiliaceae 25 1-13

23. Cucurbitaceae . . 24 1-09

24. Polygonaceae ... 22 I'OO

25. Selagineae . 22 1-00

The following are the largest genera : ludigofera (48 species) ;
Helichrysum (45) ; Seuecio (36) ; Ipomoea (31), ; Hermannia (29) ;
Sutera (27) ; Acacia (26) ; Rhyuchosia (24) ; Asclepias, Eragrostis
(23) ; Rhus, Tephrosia (21) ; Blepharis, Schizoglossum (20) ; Cro-
tallaria, Mesembrianthemum (19) ; Cyperus (18) ; Andropogon (17) ;

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs.

27

Aristida (15) ; Gladiolus, Ocimum (14) ; Grewia, Lotononis, Yer-
nonia (13) ; Anthericum, Barleria, Convolvulus, Pauicum, Sebaea,
Selago (12).

V. COMPARISON OF THE KALAHAEI AND EASTERN

MOUNTAIN FLORAS.*

1. Orders occurring in the Kalahari which are not recorded from
the Eastern Mountain Region :

Nymphaceae, Elatiueae, Ochnaceae, Connaraceae, Hamamelideae,
Rhizophoraceae, Lemnaceae, Mvrtaceae, Loasaceae, Plumbagiueae,
Pontederiaceae (each represented by one species) ; Malpighiaceae,
Burseraceae (each represented by 2 genera and 3 species) ; Tuue-
raceae (2 genera and 2 species) ; Combretaceae (2 genera and 13
species) ; Sapotaceae (3 genera and 5 species) ; Rutaceae (5 genera
and 6 species) ; Pedalineae (5 genera and 9 species) ; Bignouiaceae
(1 genus and 3 species) ; Plantagineae (2 genera and 2 species) ;
Loranthaceae (2 genera and 5 species) ; Haemadoracea (2 genera and
3 species).

The most striking feature to be noted is the absence of the Com-
bretaceae and the Pedalineae, which are characteristic Kalahari
Orders.

2. Orders occurring in the Eastern Mountain Region which are
not recorded from the Kalahari :

Piperaceae, Restiaceae (1 genus and 1 species) ; Aroideae (1 yenus
and 3 species).

3. Orders well represented in the Kalahari, but poorly represented
in the Eastern Mountain Region :

Kalahari.

Order. No. of No. of

genera. species.

Capparideae .7.9

Malvaceae . 7 . 30

Sterculiaceae . 6 . 49

Tiliaceae 3 . 25

Zygophyllaceae .4.8

Celastraceae . 6 .13

Rhamnaceae .4.7

Ampelideae . 5 .15

Leguminosae . 51 . 255

Lythraceae . 4 .11

Cucurbitaceae . 6 . 24

* See Fig. 4.

Eastern Mountain Region.
No. of No. of

genera.
1

species.
1

4

. 11

2

9

2

3

1

1

1

4

1

1

1

1

. 26

. 95

1

2

6

9

28

Annals of the South African Museum.

Order.

Ficoideae .

Rubiaceae .

Asclepiadaceae

Loganiaceae

Convolvulaceae

Acaiithaceae

Verbenaceae

Amarautaceae

Polygonaceae

Euphorbiaceae

Urticaceae

Kalahari. Eastern Mountain Region

No. of
species.

18
20
51

No. of

No. of

No. of

genera.
11

species.
41

genera.

4

16

49

9

34

119

15

5

12

3

7

55

3

16

77

7

7

27

4

14

28

4

4

22

2

15

45

3

5

14

3

q

>

13

8

5

6

10

9

4

The Capparicleae, Tiliaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Convolvulaceae, and
Acanthaceae are all characterestic Kalahari Orders, the rest occur
commonly in other parts of South Africa, but are better represented
in the Kalahari than in the Eastern Mountain Region.

4. Orders well represented in the Eastern Mountain Region, but
poorly represented in the Kalahari :

Orders.
Polvgalaceae

t O

G-erauiaceae
Crassulaceae
Umbelliferae
Ericaceae .
Orchidaceae

Eastern Mountain Region.
No. of
genera.

2
5
4

11

9

AJ

15

Kalahari.

No. of

No. of

No. of

species.
15

genera.
2

species.

7

29

5

18

35

3

16

21

8

11

20

1

1

89

9

27

All these Orders are characteristic both of the South-Western and
South-Eastern Regions. The large predominance of Ericaceae and
Orchidaceae stands out as the striking difference between the Eastern
Mountain Region and Kalahari floras.

5. Predominant genera in the Kalahari compared with the same
genera in the Eastern Mountain Region :

Genera.

JNo. ot
spp. in
K.*

JNo. of
spp. in
E.M.R.*

Genera.

JNo of
spp. in
K.*

JNo of
spp. in
E.M.R.*

Indigofera

48

12

Hernianuia

29 .

5

Helichrysum .

45 .

61

Sutera .

27 .

18

Seuecio .

36 .

56

Acacia .

26 .

1

Ipomoea.

31 .

8

Rhynchosia .

24 .

7

* E.M.R. (Eastern Mountain Region). K. (Kalahari Region).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs.

29

No. of

No. of

No. of

No. of

Genera.

Asclepias
Eraerostis

o

Ehus

Tephrosia

Blepharis

Scbizoglossum

Crotalaria

Mesembriau-

themuin
Cyperus .
Andropogon .
Aristida

* E.M.E.

spp. in spp. in
K.* E.M.E.*

Genera.

spp. in spp. in
K.* E.M.R.*

23 .

11 Gladiolus

14 .

13

23 .

13 Ocimuin

14

21

12 G-rewia .

13

2

21

3

Lotoiionis

13

17

20 .

2

Vernonia

13

6

20 .

13

Autliericum .

12

6

19

1 Barleria .

12

1

Convolvulus .

12

4

19

9

Panicuni

12

7

18

13

Sebaea .

12

16

17 .

15

Selago .

12

14

15

8

(Eastern Mountain Eegion). K. (Kalahari Eegion).

The predominance of species of Ipomoea, Hermannia, Acacia,.
Blepharis, Crotalaria, Ocimuin, Grewia, and Barleria in the Kalahari
should be specially noted.

6. Predominant genera in the Eastern Mountain Eegion com-
pared with the same genera in the Kalahari :

Genera.

Cyperus .
Eragrostis
Eulophia
Gladiolus
Schizoglossum
Wahleubergia
Berkheya
Euryops
Habenaria
Indigofera
Pelai'gouium .
Ehus

Zaluzianskya .
* E.M.E. (Eastern Mountain Eegion). K. (Kalahari Eegion).

7. There are 423 species (or 27-19 per cent.) of the Eastern
Mountain Eegiou flora which also occur in the Kalahari, but of this
number 317 species (or 20-42 per cent.) are common to the Kalahari,
the Eastern Mountain Eegionj and the South-Eastern Eegion.

No. of

No. of

Genera.

spp. in
E.M.E.*

spp. in
K*

Helichrysum .

61

45

Seuecio .

56 .

36

Crassula

30 .

7

Erica

18

1

Sutera .

18

27

Disa

17

1

Lotouonis

17

13

Sebaea .

16

12

Andropogon .

15 .

17

Hypoxis

15

9

Kniphofia

14

3

Selago .

14

12

Argyrolobium

13

5

No. of

No. of

spp. in
E.M.E.*

spp. in
K.*

13 -

18

13 .

23

13 .

9

13

14

13

14

13 .

8

12

10

12 .

5

12

6

12 .

48

12

7

12 .

21

12

30

Annals of the South African Museum.

8. The proportion of Monocotyledons to Dicotyledons is greater
in the Kalahari Region, than in the Eastern Mountain Region (viz.
1 : 3'28 and 1 : 2'03 respectively) though the actual number of species
is smaller.

VI. THE SOUTH-EASTERN REGION.

The Soutli-Easteru Region as denned by Bolus will require some
alteration, as he included in this region the whole of Natal and East
Griqualand, parts of which belong to the Eastern Mountain Region.
Bolus himself recognises this, as he notes " the (boundary) line should
keep to a contour of about 3500 ft. of altitude, above which the vege-

2345678810 II 12
I

23456789 13 HE

n

I 2345S7B9IOIIIZ

JK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 9 13 i

TS.

FIG. 4. Diagrams showing the differences between the predominance of the
twelve largest Orders in the following floras : I. Eastern Mountain Region.
II. Kalahari Region. III. " Kaffrarian Eegion." IV. Natal under
4000 ft. 1. Compositae. 2. Gramineae. 3. Liliaceae. 4. Leguminosae.
5. Orchidaceae. 6. Scrophulariaceae. 7. Cyperaceae. 8. Asclepiadaceae.
9. Amaryllidaceae. 10. Iridaceae. 11. Crassulaceae. 12. Labiatae.

tation begins to assume the chai'acter of the steppes of the Kalahari
Region, but no such contour-line is marked on any map." I am at
present attempting to redefine the South -Eastern Region in the light
of what we now know of the Eastern Mountain Region. As yet mv

* /

results are incomplete, though I am led to favour the view of Thode*
that this region can be split up into three provinces. Marlothf
recognised the diversity of the floi-a when he mapped off a " South-
Eastern Coast Belt." A flora of East Griqualand, and of King
Williams Town, Komgha, Pondoland, Transkei, and Tembuland (the
latter group I shall now call the " Kaffrarian " flora) has been com-
piled for the sake of comparison with the Eastern Mountain Region.
The flora of East Griqualand presents problems Avhich make it

* Thode, loc. cit.
t Marloth, loc. cit.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 31

advisable to treat the subject in a separate paper, and for comparison
with our Region I will only use the " Kaffrarian " flora and the flora
of Natal under 4000 ft., above which it assumes a totally different
aspect.

VII. COMPARISON OF THE FLORAS OF THE EASTERN
MOUNTAIN AND SOUTH-EASTERN REGIONS.*

TABLE I. The Relative Positions of the Five Predominant Orders.

Eastern Mountain " Kaffrarian " Natal under

Eegion. Region. 4000 ft,

1. Compositae. 1. Compositae. 1. Compositae.

2. Gramineae. 2. Leguminosae. 2. Leguminosae.

3. Liliaceae. 3. Liliaceae. 3. Graminae.

4. Leguminosae. 4. Gramineae. 4. Liliaceae.

5. Orchidaceae. 5. Orchidaceae. 5. Orchidaceae.

The five predominant Orders are the same in each case, the Eastern
Mountain Region differs from the other two floral areas in the
important position taken by the grasses and the comparatively few
Leguminosae. The Compositae also form a far larger percentage of
the total flora than in either the Kaffrarian or Natal areas. It is oulv

V

when the floras are examined more critically that the marked differ-
ence between the Eastern Mountain and the South-Eastern Regions
becomes apparent, as the following table shows :

TABLE II.

No.ofspp.in No.ofspp.in

E.M.E.* K " flora.* 4 00 ft *

Capparideae .0 . 6 . 12

Rutaceae ... .10 . 6

Ampelideae 1 .13 . 16

Apocynaceae . . 1 . 9 . 11

Gesneriaceae ..2.7. 8

Tiliaceae . 2 . 8 . 13

Oleaceae ... 3 .13 . 10

Celastraceae 4 .34 . 23

Acanthaceae 7 .50 . 71

* "K" (Kaffrarian Eegion). " N " (Natal, under 4000 ft.). E.M.E. (Eastern
Mountain Eegion).

All the principal genera occurring in the Eastern Mountain Region
are also well represented in the South-Eastern Region with the excep-

* See Fig. 4.

32 Annals of the South African Museum.

tion of Selago, Eragroslis, Schizoglossum, Earyops, and Zaluzianskya,
which are more numerous in the former region.

The large number of Cycadaceae in the South-Eastern Region
should be specially noted, as no member of the Order has yet been
recorded from the Eastern Mountain Region, and it is more than
probable that they are totally abseut from this region.

There are in the Eastern Mountain Region 812 species (or 52'31
percent.) which also occur in the " Kaffrarian " flora, though of this
number 317 species (or 2O4 per cent.) are common to the Kalahari
Region, the Eastern Mountain Region, and the " Kaffrarian "
Region.

VIII. SUMMARY.

The Eastern Mountain Region is a large plateau lying between the
28th and 30th degree of latitude and the 27th and 30th degree of
longitude. It includes the whole of Basutoland with a portion of the
Orange Free State, the. Cape Province, East G-riqualand, and Natal.
On the confines of its boundaries it has an elevation of about 5000 ft.,
rising to 10,000 ft. and over on the Drakensbergen. The area is built
up of Stormberg beds which lie on the Karroo beds. The rainfall
averages about 29'39 inches per annum, most of which falls during
the six summer months. The average maximum temperature is about
82 F., and the average minimum temperature about 33 F. In the
greater amount of rainfall and lesser extremes of temperature the
Eastern Mountain Region shows considerable differences from the
Kalahari Region. The Eastern Mountain Region must be regarded
as a grass steppe, and in this respect differs somewhat from the
Kalahari and South-Eastern Regions, where the Grasses do not form
such a predominant portion of the flora. The paucity of species
of Capparideae, Ampelidaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Convnlwidaceae, etc.,
separates it from the Kalahari Region, and the few species of
Acanthaceae, Celastraceae, Oleaceae, Rutaceae, etc., which occur within
its limits distinguish it from the South-Eastern Region. Among
the genera the number of species of Erica, Zaluzianskya, Wahlen-
bergia, Enlopliia, Disa, etc., which occur in the Eastern Mountain
Region sharply separate it from the Kalahari Region, while the
number of species of Selago, Eragrostis, Schizoglossum, Enryops,
and Zaluzianskya distinguish it from the South-Easteru Region.
Speaking generally the Eastern Mountain Region has an affinity with
the South-Eastern Region, but is totally distinct from the Kalahari
Region.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs.

IX. LIST OF SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE EASTERN
MOUNTAIN REGION, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW
SPECIES.

DICOTYLEDONS.

RANUNCULACEAE.

CLEMATIS, Linn.

C. brachiata, Thunb.

Mountain Slopes. A creeping or climbing plant, 3-9 ft. high,
flowers white and sweet scented. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 90 ! climber
on trees in ravine, Phillips, 727 ! slopes of Lefi's Kloof, a climber,
flowers white, Phillips, 813 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Swellenclam. Uitenhage. Albany. Mur-
raysburg. Somerset East. Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Rustenberg) .

SESUTO : Morarana oa mafehlo. The creeper for the churning sticks.
The woody part of the plant, being strong and supple, is used for making
chm'uing sticks.

THALICTRUM, Linn.

1. T. minus, Linn.

Dongas and mountain slopes. Flowers green. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 380! Caledon River, Zehyer, 41! Doodman's Krans
Mountain, 8700 ft,, March, Galpin, 6568 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Griqualand West
(near Kimberley).

SESUTO : Lefdkotsane. The small feeble one. Tl<~>rv ea ngvale. The
hat of the " ngvale." A " ngvale " is a girl of the initiation school.
The plant is used as a vegetable in the young state.

2. T. rhynchocarpum, D. & R.

De Beer's Pass, Drakensbergen, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 5971 !
DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East Griqualand. Transvaal (Pilgrim's
Rest).

ANEMONE, Linn.

A. Fanninii, Harv.

Eland's River Valley, near the Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., Flanagan,
2126!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

3

34 Annah of the South African Museum.

RANUNCULUS, Linn.
R. pinnatus, Poir.

Damp spots 011 veld and mountain slopes. Herb, 5-18 in. high,
flowers bright yellow. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 141 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. George. Uitenhage. Beaufort West.
Komgha. Tembuland. Natal.

SESUTO : Hlapi. Fish.

R. Meyeri, Harv.

Banks of water courses. Herb, 1-5 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 599 ! swampy ground at the base of Doodman's
Krans Mountain, 8500 ft., March, Galpin, 6566 ! swampy ground,
near Buffalo River Waterfall, 8150 ft., March, Galpin, 6565 ! stream
on Leribe plateau, common, flowers yellow, Phillips, 786-! Natal, edge
of swamp, Upper Tugela, 5-6000 ft., Wood.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. King William's Town. Natal.
Transvaal (Dordrecht, Stauderton, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Bolila ba linltu ba metsi. The water-sorrel of the sheep.
Said to be likt-d by sheep and goats.

R. Baurii, MacOw.

Herb, 10-20 in. high. Slopes of high mountain, Matchachaneug,
Botha-Botha. A. Dieterlen, 883 ! without precise locality, Cooper]

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. Natal.

SESUTO : Qoyoana. The small " qobo," so called on account of the
leaves having the shape of those of Gunnera perpensa (Qobo).

In Madame Dieterleu's specimens there are fruits only, and the
leaves are much larger than in the type.

R. Cooperi, Oliv.

Mout-aux-Sources, 9300 ft., October, Mann in Herb. Marloth ;
2880! 7-9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 2124! 2125! Van Reenen,
5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 4537 ! Oliver's Hoek, 5-6000 ft., Wood
Ben McDhui, 9200-9600 ft., March, Galpin, 6567 ! A. Bolus in Herb.
Guthrie, 4770!

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Oliphaut's River, 5400 ft., Carolina,
5600 ft.).

R. Drouetii, G-odr.

River bed at Hlotse. Herb, 10-30 in. high, flowers white, October,
A. Dieterlen, 808 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Transvaal (near Ermelo).

SESUTO : Hlapi ea ndka. The fish of the river.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 35

R. sp. (probably R. plebeius, B. Br.).
Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 899 !

SESUTO : Hlapi ea loti. The fish of the high mountain.
This is a very fragmentary specimen.

B. sp.

Swampy ground near Buffalo River Waterfall, 8150 ft., March,
Galpin, 6565 !

A slender creeping plant, rooting at the nodes. Leaves about 2 mm.
long and 4 mm. broad, cordate and faintly 5-lobed.

MENISPERMACEAE.
STEPHANIA, Lour.

S. hermadiaefolia, Walp.

Mountain slopes. A climber, flowers cream. Spring-Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 506 !

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. East G-riqualand. Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Lesibo. Derived from the verb " ho siba " to discover.

This plant is much used by the witch-doctors in working the divining
bones when wishing to discover anything lost, or some secret matter.

PAPAVERACEAE.

PAPAVER, Linn.

P. aculeatum, Thunb.

Veld, and as a weed in cultivated ground. Herb, 6-35 in. high,
flowers reddish-yellow. Spring-Summer. A.Dieterlen,34t7l; mountain
slopes above the Mission Station, flowers brick-red, Phillips, 511!;
Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., April, Dyke in Herb. Marloth, 5407! in
Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 5521 !

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Somerset East. Murraysburg. Komgha.
Natal. Orange Free State (Sand Drift).

SESUTO : Sehlohlo. He who causes auger. Name given on account
of the thorny nature of the plant.

AEGEMONE, Linn.

A. mexicana, Linn.

Mountain slopes, road-sides, and near villages. Herbaceous plant
10-35 in. high, flowers pale yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen,
350!

36 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : A weed which has become naturalised in South
Africa.

SESUTO : Ntsvantsane. Derived from the verb " ho tsvantsa " to
describe. Sehlohlo se seholo. The big one who caused anger. Name
given on account of the thorny nature of the plant.

COEYDALIS, DC.

C. pruinosa, E. Mey.

Banks of Caledou River, Mettolloanany, Leribe District. A herb,.
20-32 in. high, flowers light pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 873 ! ;
Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensbergen, 6900 ft., March, Galpin, 6569.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Murraysburg. East Griqualand .
Natal.

SESUTO: 'Musapelo oa noka. The river comforter. Literally "The
one who puts the heart (of the river) right." Used by doctors for
preparing drugs for comforting people in sorrow, especially in cases of
bereavement.

CRUCIFERAE.

MATTHIOLA,^/-.

M. torulosa, DC.

Caledon Kiver, Zeyher, 17 ! Burlee, 203 !
DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North.

NASTURTIUM, Pi:

N. officinale, R. Br.

In streams. Herb, 6-25 in. long, flowers white. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 746.

DISTRIBUTION : Common throughout South Africa.

SESUTO : Mo-hata-metsi. The one who tramples on the water.
Name given in reference to the floating nature of the plant. Edible.

N.fluvitale, E. Mey.; var. caledonicum, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. Herb, 18-38 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 823 ! ; Caledon River, Burke & Zeyher,
227

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Pretoria).

SESUTO : Liababe. They are bitter. Used as a vegetable.

var. brevistylum, Sond

Veld and mountain slopes. Herb, 5-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 98b !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 37

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg.

SESUTO : Papasane. Meaning unknown. Used as a vegetable.

var.

Mountain slopes and veld, flowers yellow. A. Dieterlen, 98!

ARABIS, Linn.

A. perfoliata, Lamk.

Damp spots. 1-3 ft. high, flowers reddish-mauve. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 613 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoelc, 5400 ft, Bolm,
8119!

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Molteuo. Natal.

SESUTO : Lefisoana. Small pot. Used as a vegetable.

SISYMBRIUM, Linn.

S. capense, Thuub.

Foot of Mont-aux-Sources, 6800 ft., January, Flanagan, 2084 !
DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Somerset East. Alice. Komgha.

var. montanum, Soud.

Veld, damp spots. Herb, 12-30 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 541 ! ; Caledon River, Burke & Zeyher !

DISTRIBUTION : Orange River.

SESUTO : Hlaku ea Khomo. Ox leg. Sentlokvana se seholo. The
big " Sentlokvana " (meaning unknown). The young parts of the
plant are used as a vegetable.

S. lyratum, Burm.

Mountain slopes. Herb, 8-25 in. high, flowers yellow. January-
April. A. Dieterlen, 836 !

DISTRIBUTION : Mahnesbury. Swellendam. G-eorge. Kuysua.
Albany. Beaufort West.

SESUTO : Sentlokvana se seholo. See 8. capense, Thunb. var.

S. Turezaniowii, Soncl.

Veld and mountain slopes. Herb, 6-15 in. high, flowers yellow.
Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 183 ! ; mountain slopes south of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 911 !; Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips, 978 !; Caledon River,
Zeyher.

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Volksrust).

SESUTO : Sentlokvana. Meaning unknown. Used as a vegetable.

Annals of the South African Mu*<'inn.

HELIOPHILA, Linn.

H. suavissima, Buvch.

Leribe plateau, January, flowers purple or pink. A. Dieterlen, 939 !
partly ; grassy spots on slopes of Mont-aux-Sources, c. 8800 ft.,
January, Thode, I ! ; near Buffalo Biver Waterfall, 8220 ft., March.
Galpiii, 6570; Satsanna Berg, 9400 ft., Galpin, 6571.

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth, Graaff Reinet.

H. rigidiuscula, Sond.

Mont-aux-Sources, 9950ft., Flanagan ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 6200 ft., Bolus, 8121 ! 6500 ft., December, Flanagan, 1846 ! ;
Ben McDhui, 9800 ft,, March, Galpin, 6572.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Komgha. Transkei. Pondoland. East
Grriqualaud. Natal. Transvaal (Barberton, Botsabelo). Swaziland.

H. sulcata, Conrath.

Mountain slopes, 8-25 in. high, flowers white. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 284! ; common on mountain slopes and plateau, flowers
white, Phillips, 675 ! 806 ! 883 ! 927 ! 971 !; Bester's Vlei, near
Witzie's Hoek, 6500 ft., December, Flanagan, 1856 ! 5400 ft., Bolus,
8120 ! ; Ladybraud, November, Rogers, 714 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualaud Minor. Molteno. Aliwal North.
Trausvaal (Johannesburg) .

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo oa mangope. The comforter of the dongas.
Tlolco filvane e Icliolo. The big " tlokofilvaue " (foam or froth).
Semanelvana. Derived from the verb " ho uamela " to listen to.
Used by the witch doctors for locating pain by means of sound
(auscultation), especially in chest complaints. It is supposed to
concentrate the pain on one side and thus enable it to be cured.

H. basutica, Phillips, sp. uov. (Plate V, fig. i). Su/rute.v humilis,
5-9 cm. altus. Bamuli scabridi. Folia '9-4 cm. longa, 5-1 '5 mm.
lata, linearia, apice acuta vel obtusa, integra. Pechmculus 2-7 cm.
longus. iiudus vel foliiferus. Pedicellus circiter 1cm. longus. Sepala
5'5-6'5 mm. longa, l'5-2 mm. lata, oblonga, glabra. Petala 1 cm.
louga, 4 - 5-6'5 mm. lata, obovata, apice obtusa. Stamina oninia
aequalia ; filamenta 4 mm. longa, linearia ; antherae 2'5 mm. longae,
oblongae. Ovariuin sessile, 4 mm. lougum, glabrum ; stylus 1'5 mm.
longus ; stigma globosum. Fructus ad 4'7-5'5 cm. longus, 3-3'5 mm.
latus, plaiius ; margiues rectae vel undulatae. Semina 2-2'25 mm.
longa, I 1 5-2 mm. lata, discoidea, fere orbiculata, semi-translucida.

A dwarf plant 5-9 cm. high, with thick woody underground stems

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 39

from which short branches arise. Brandies minutely scabrid. Leaves
'94i cm. long, - 5-l'5 mm. broad, linear, acute or subacute, glabrous.
Peduncles 2-7 cm. long, terete, glabrous, 5-12-flowered. Pedicels
8-1 "2 cm. long, elongating in the fruit, sometimes minutely glandular,
otherwise glabrous. Buds '9-1 cm. long, 2'5 mm. broad, ellipsoid, the
anterior and posterior sepals slightly projecting. Lateral sejmfs
5'5 mm. long, 1/5 mm. broad, oblong-linear, concave, rounded and
saccate at the apex, 3-nerved, glabrous ; anterior and posterior sepals
6'5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, oblong-linear, concave, rounded and with
a blunt spur - 5 mm. long at the apex, 3-nerved, glabrous. Petals
1 cm. long, 4 - 5-6'5 mm. broad, obovate, shortly acuminate, obtuse,
narrowed at the base. Stamens of equal length ; filaments 4 mm.
long, linear below, terete above, glabrous ; anthers 2'5 mm. long,
linear, shortly and bluntly sagittate at the base. Ovary 4 mm. long,
75mm. broad, terete, glabrous ; style 1*5 mm. long, terete ; stigma
capitate. Fruit 4'7-5'5 cni. long, 3-3'5 mm. broad, flat; valves with
straight or undulating margins, 1-uerved, glabrous. Seeds 2-2'25 mm.
long, 15-2 mm. broad, compressed, orbicular, glabi'ous ; embryo
horse-shoe shaped.

Qoqolosi Peak. January-February, flowers purple or pink, A.
Dieterlen, 939 partly ; Phillips, 975.

Near H. suavissima, Burch., from which it differs in the dwarf
woody habit, and the seeds being without a narrow membranous
margin.

H. sp.

Ben McDhui, 9800 ft., March, Galpin, 6573.

BEASSICA, Lint,.

B. pachypoda, Thellung, var.

Veld and mountain slopes. Herb, 6-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 165 !

DISTRIBUTION : An imported weed.

SESUTO : Sepatla-palla. Derived from the verb " ho phatlalla" to
be flat. Sepaile. Meaning unknown. The leaves of this plant lie
flat on the ground. Used as a vegetable.

LEPIDIUM, Linn.

L. myriocarpum, Sond.

Streams. Herb, 20-30 in. high, flowers dark-mauve. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 542 ! ; Caledon Eiver, Zeyher, 24 !

DISTRIBUTION : Glenfilling (Lower Albany).

40 Annals of the South African Museum,

SESUTO : Leruthn. Dimness. Name probably given to the dark
colour of the flower. Used as a vegetable.

L. capense, Thunb.

Veld, mountain slopes and round villages. Herb, 4-12 in. high,
flowers brownish-red. Spring-Autumn, Dieterlen, 137b !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Swellendam. Uitenhage. Mm-raysbm-g.
Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Sebitsa. It calls. Used as a vegetable.

var.

Ben McDhui, 9800 ft., Galpin, 6574; Doodmau's Krans Mountain.
8650 ft., Galpin, 6574a.

L. Schinzii, Thelluug.

Veld and round kraals. Herb, 4 18 in. high, flowers white.
Spring-Summer, A. Dieterlen, I37a!

DISTRIBUTION : An imported weed.

SESUTO : See L. .capense, Thuub.

CAPPARIDEAE.
CLEOME, Linn.

C. monophylla, Linn.

Sandy places on mountain slopes. 5-20 in. high, flowers mauve.
January-February. A. Dieterlen, 787 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Herbert. Komgha. Transkei.
Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Waterberg, Magaliesberg,
Barberton). Swaziland. Delagoa Bay.

SESUTO: 'Musa pelo monyenyane. The small comforter.

RESEDACEAE.
OLIGOMERIS, Cambeso.

0. dregeana, Presl.

Veld and mountain slopes. Small plant, 5-18 in. high, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 286 ! ; Van Reenen, 5500 .,
February, Wood.

DISTRIBUTION : Cradock. GTraaff Reinet. Somerset East. Aliwal
North. Tembuland. Orange Free State (near Bethulie, Bankfon-
tein).

SESUTO : Pheta. Repeat. Used in medicine when working the

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs, 41

divining bones. A witch-doctor is supposed by this means to be able
to avenge a man who has been bewitched by a distant enemy who has
sent lightning to him or his cattle.

BIXLNEAE.
KIGGELARIA, Linn.

K. africana, Linn.

Mountain slopes. A tree, flowers cream. Spring. A. Dieterlen,
180 !; Eavine on western slopes of Leribe plateau, tree 20 ft. high,
Phillips, 743 ! 755 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Tulbagh. East Griqualand. Natal. Trans-
vaal (Sabie Hoek, Devil's Kantoor).

SESUTO : Lekhatsi. Meaning unknown. Wood used for lathes.
Used bv the witch doctors in compounding a medicine to protect
villages.

PITTOSPOREAE.
PITTOSPORUM, Banks.

P. viridiflorum, Sims.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, 8-10 ft. high, flowers yellowish.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 389 !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Port Elizabeth. Graaff Reiuet. Albany.
King William's Town. Komgha. Tembulaud. Natal. Transvaal
(Magal iesberg, Barberton) .

SESUTO: Mosetlela. Meaning unknown. Hohttttolle. He who relieves.
Motsosa-nkn. Tlie sheep helper. Phnkhu e nyenyane. The small
" Phukhu." This tree is much used by the native doctors. It is also
used when working the divining bones to prevent a sick person being
harmed by other people.

POLYGALACEAE.

POL YG ALA, Lin,,.

P. virgata, Thunb. var.

Ravines and mountain slopes. 3-5 ft. high, flowers carmine.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 577 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, c. 9300 ft. October,
Mann in Herb. Marlotli, 2882 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Trauskei. East

42 Annals of the South African Muse inn.

Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Barberton, Pilgrim's Rest, Lyden-
burg). Swaziland.

SESUTO : Hlokoa lelelle. The large piece of grass. Ntsebele ea morn.
Tell me of the woods. Hlokoa is the diminutive form of " Lefhloko
ana," meaning "a piece of grass." Used as a love philtre.

This specimen does not fit any of the varieties into which Harvey
divides the species. It is an exact match with a plant from Natal
collected by Gueinzius, and more nearly so with the Uitenhage
specimens. The plants from the other localities cited differ in their
broader leaves ; they all, however, form a distinct group in the species.

P. hispida, Burch.

Mountain slopes. 4-10 in. high, flowers pinkish-mauve. Decem-
ber. Malavaueng, Leribe district. A. Dieterlen, 868 ! ; near Buffalo
River Waterfall, 8220 ft., March, Galpin, 6579 ; near " Cave " at foot
of Mont-aux-Sources, 6800 ft., Flanagan, 2082 ! ; Giant's Castle,
Drakensbergen, 6000 ft., November, A. Bolus in Herb. Gutlirte \

DISTRIBUTION : George. Uitenhage. Albany. Dohne.

SESUTO : Bolao la nolm. The philtre of the river (or love philtre).
Dr. Bolus notes that Flanagan's plant is " probably the same form as
P. erubescent, E. Mey., collected by Drege on the Wittebergen."

P. Ohlendorfiana, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes and banks of streams. 5-12 in. high, flowers
carmine pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 624 ! ; ravine on west slopes of
Leribe plateau, 4-6 in. high, flowers red, Phillips, 766 ! ; Bester's Vlei,
near Harrismith, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8122 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. King William's Town. Stutter-
heim. East Grriqualand. Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : MahlakahlaJca. Many leaves. Use unknown.

P. amatymbica, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes, l|-6 in. high, flowers violet. Summer. A. Dieter-
len, 148 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. East Griqualaud. Tembulaiid.
Transvaal (Pretoria, Pietersburg, Stauderton, Barberton, Rustenburg).

SESUTO : Mohlohlello or Molelabeho o monyenyane. Stimulant. Used
as a medicine for cattle.

P. Galpini, Hook.

Sides of Giant's Castle, Sim.

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Vryheid). Swaziland.

Flora of tlte Lcribe Plateau, ami Em-iron*. 43

P. gymnoclada, MacOw.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-32 in. high, flowers pink. Summer-
Antumn. A. Dieterleti, 249 ! ; growing among grass, Lefi's Kloof, 1SI.E.
slope of Leribe plateau, Phillies, 815 !; Near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall,
8220 ft,, March, Galpin, 6580.

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. East Griqualand. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Molilnko. Meaning unknown. Hlokoa la tsela. The piece
of grass of the road. Lt'hlokoana la Balimo. The piece of grass of the
ancestors. Mohlabeho o moholo. The strong stimulant. Nfsebele.
Tell me. Used as a love philtre and also when working the divining
bones. Most species of Poll/gala are used in this way.

P. rarifolia, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes, 5-18 in. high, flowers violet. A. Dicter-
ffit, '2(17'. 716!; slopes of ravine between the Mission Station and
Jonathan's village, not uncommon, flowers blue, Phillips, 555!
mountain slopes above Khaniane, south slopes of Leribe plateau,
flowers red, Phillips, 857 ! Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips, 987 !

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Stockenstroom. Cradock. Murray sburg.
Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. Pondoland. East Griqualand.
.Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Bolao bo boholo. The big philtre. Lesira. The veil.
Setea-tea. The deciever. Used as love philtres and as a charm to rid
oneself of a tormentor.

P. sp.

Ben McDhui, 9260 ft,, March, Galpin, 6578; Doodman's Krans
Mtn., 8500 ft,, Galput, 8578a.

MUEALTIA,

M. divaricata, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 2-4 ft, high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 296!

DISTRIBUTION : Van Rhynsdorp. Clanwilliam. Tulbagh.

SESUTO : 'Ma Motaung. The mother of " Motaung." Used for
firewood.

M. dumosa, DC.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooler, 707 !

DISTRIBUTION : Van Rhynsdorp. Tulbagh. Cape. Laingsburg
(Seven Weeks Poort). Albert,

14 Annul* of the South- African Museum.

M. alticola, Schltr.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoelc, 5800-6700 ft,, December,
Flanagan, 1842 ! Bolus, 8123 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland.

M. Flanagan!, Bolus (= M. ecornuta, N. E. Br.).

Summit Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 2020!,
October, .4. Bolus \ Mann in Herb. Marloth, 2871 ! 2881 ! ; Natal, Van
Keenen, 6-7000 ft., Wood, 5699 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. saxicola, Chodat.

Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft, October, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie,

4775 ! ; Bushman's Eiver Valley, 6-8000 ft,, October, Wylie in Herb.

Wood, 10632 ! ; Catkin Peak, Drakeusbergen, 8500-9000 ft., West- in

Herb. Musei Austro-Afric., 4555!; Van Reenen, 6900 ft,, Schltr.,

6934!

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand.

This is a plant which I described as M. Westi (Ann. S. Afr. Mus.
ix, iii, 13), but the above name has priority.

M. sp.

Bushman's Caves, Drakeusbergen, 7-8000 ft., Evans, 666.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

DIANTHUS, Linn.

D. scaber, Thunb.

Mountain slopes and plateau, 7-20 in. high, flowers pale pink.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 184!; slopes of ravine between the Mission
Station and Jonathan's Village, Phillips, 556 !, south slopes of Leribe
plateau, above Khaniane, flowers pale pink, Phillips, 874!, Qoqolosi
Peak, flowers pink, Phillips, 976 ! ; Ben McDhui and Doodman's Krans
Mtn., 9900 ft., March, Galpin, 6581 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Clanwilliam. Worcester. Tulbagh.
George. Uitenhage. G-raaff Reinet. Beaufort West, Aliwal North.
Natal. Orange Free State. Transvaal (Pretoria, Johannesburg).
Bechuanaland (Kuruman) .

SESUTO : TloJenfiloane. Big froth. Moqo o. Derived from the
verb " ho qolla " to choose. Used as a medicine for chest pains. It
is also supposed to relieve one's fears and emotions.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau, and Environs. 45

D. crenatus, Thuiib.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., Flanagan, 1861
DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Albany. Komgha. Tembuland.

East G-riqualand. Natal.

3. D. pectinatus, E. Mey.

Bester's Vlei, near Harrismith, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8124
DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Tulbagh. Worcester. Transvaal

(Pretoria, J ohaimesburg) .

SILENE, LI 11 n.

S. capensis, Ott.

Mountain slopes and sides of dongas. Herb, 8-25 in. high, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 28 !; without precise ocality, Cooper \;
ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers white, occasional,
Phillips, 606 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Clanwilliam. Cape. Caledon.
Alexandria. Murray sburg. Beaufort West. Komgha. Natal. Orange
Free State (Vryburg). Transvaal (Rustenburg).

SESUTO : MolokdloTco. In sucessiou. LetomoJcoana. The small
" Letomoko." Likomana and Lithotana. Small boxes or baskets.
Shetla la morolte. The soft bone of "Moroke" (a proper name).
Kvagi'lu. Meaning unknown. Used as a medicine in many diseases,
especially in cases of fever and delirium.

S. Burchellii, Ott.

Mountain slopes, 5-20 in. high, flowers pule mauve. Spring. A.
Diderlen, 362 ! 610 !; Ben McDhui, 9250-9500 ft., March, Galpin,
6583.

DISTRIBUTION : Malmesbury. Cape. Caledou. Uitenhage.
Albany. Graaff Reiuet. Molteuo. Trauskei. East Griqualand.
Natal. Transvaal (Rustenburg, Mooifonteiu, Johannesburg).

SESUTO: Lepatla. Derived from the verb ' hobatla " to search.
Lithnfruini. Small baskets. Kopane. Derived from the verb "ho
kopa " to surround. Used in the compounding of various medicines.

CEEASTIUM, Linn.

C. dregeanum, Feuzl.

Mountain slopes, flowers white, January. Malavaneng. A. Dieterlen,
935 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 2076 ! ; Ben
McDhui, 9900 ft., March, Galpin, 6585 ! ; Doodman's Kraus Mtn.,
8500-9650 ft., March, Gul L >ln, 6585a!

46 Anunh of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albany. Tembuland. East G-riqualand.
Natal.

SESUTO : Quqnbala en l<~>ti. The " Qoqobala " of the high mountain.
Use unknown. See C. Capense, Soml.

C. capense, Sond.

Damp spots on mountain slopes and plateau. Herb, 3-15 in. high,
flowers white. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 265a !

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Tulbagh. Cape. Caledon. GJ-raaff
Reinet. Somerset East. Murraysburg. Komgha. Transvaal
(Ermelo).

SESUTO : Qoqobala. Derived from the verb " ho qoqobala " to
have superficial roots. Moloo oa nku. The bleating of the sheep.
Eaten when young.

STELLARI A, Linn.

S. media, Vill.

Damp and shady spots on mountain slopes. Herb, 3-15 in. high.
April. Morija. A. Dieterlen, 265b !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Kaffir-laud. Natal.

SESUTO : See Qoqdbala. See Cerastium capense, Sond.

SPERGrULA, Linn.

S. arvensis, Linn.

Shady places on mountain slopes. 6-18 in. high, flowers white.
August. A. Dieterlen, 825 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tulbagh. Cape. Stelleubosch. Natal.

SESUTO : Bolepo ba seokho sa inemng. Web of the " spider of the
woods." Qdqobala. The " Qoqobala " of the lauds. Use unknown.

PORTULACEAE.

PORTULACA, Lin>,.

P. oleracea, Liuu.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-18 iu. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 303 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Albany. Natal. Orange Free State
(Bloem f outein) .

SESUTO : Settle. Slippery. The natives sprinkle themselves with
a preparation of this plant as a charm against illness and lightning.
Eaten as a vegetable.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 47

ANACAMPSEROS, Linn.

A. arachnoicles, Sims.

Mountain slopes. 2-8 in. high, flowers pink. Summer. A. Dieterlt-n,
625!

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Montague. Albany. Prince Albert.

SESUTO : Serelile. Derived from the verb "ho rella " to be
slippery. Used in many medicines by the native doctors ; said to be
an emetic. A medicine for a sick orphan child.

TALINUM, Adans.

T. caffrum, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer Autumn.
Thaba Phatsoa, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 701 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Port Elizabeth. Graaff Eeiuet.
Queenstowu. Koingha. Tembuland. Natal. Transvaal (Pieters-
burg, Eustenberg). Bechuaualand (Kuruman). Bulawayo.

SESUTO: Khutsana. Orphan. This plant is employed by the
native doctors, but no information can be got from them as to its use.

HYPERICINEAE.

HYPEEICUM, Linn.

H. aethiopicum, Linn.

Mountain slopes, 6-14 in. high, flowers bright yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 358 ! ; west slopes of Leribe plateau, frequent, flowers
yellow, Phillips, 654 ! N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers yellow,
frequent, Phillips, 851 !, south slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers
yellow, Phillips, 921 ! ; Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper !

DISTRIBUTION : Eiversdale. George. Knysna. Uitenhage. Graaff
Eeinet. King William's Town. Komgha. Natal. Transvaal
(Pretoria). Swaziland.

SESUTO : Leilane. Derived from the verb " hoila " to avoid.
Leilane la Bale. The "Leilane" of the "Bale" ("Bale" is the
plural of "Ngoale" a girl attending the heathen school of initia-
tion). BoltoJioana. Little bread. Tabane. Small matter. This
plant is largely used by the women for young girls who have reached
the age of puberty.

H. Lalandii, Chois.

Damp spots on mountain slopes, 2-12 in high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 678 ! ; damp spots near stream on plateau,

48 Annals of the South African Museum.

flowers yellow, Phillips, 792 !, south slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers
yellow, Phillips, 905 ! 914 !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Uitenhage. Aliwal North. Komgha.
East G-riqualaiid. Natal. Transvaal (Lydenburg, Pietersburg).
Swaziland. Bulawayo.

SESUTO : BohloJcvanyane. Small pain. Used in medicine.

MALVACEAE.

MALVA, Linn.

M. parviflora, Linn.

Veld, near villages, 3-12 in. high, flowers pale mauve. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, llOa!

DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed.

SESUTO: Mosalasupe. He who remains on the ruins. Qena. Grive
up a trip. TiJca-motse. Surround the village. Thiba-pitsa. Stop the
pot. Used for making a kind of cement for mending broken pots.
Also used as a lotion for bathing bruised limbs.

This plant is an exact match with a specimen in our herbarium,
collected near Cape Town, and labelled in Harvey's handwriting
M. parviflora, Linn.

M. verticillata, Linn.

Mountain slopes and veld near villages, 8-35 in. high, flowers pale
mauve. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 11 Ob !
DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed.
SESUTO : See M. parviflora, Linn.

ABUTILON, Gaertn.

A sonnei^tianum, Sweet.

Mountain slopes, 8-22 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 453 !

DISTRIBUTION : Naniaqualaud Minor. Swellendam. Uitenhage.
G-raaff Eeinet. Beaufort West. Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal.
Orange Free State (Bloemfonteiu). Transvaal (Kusteuburg). Bechu-
analand.

SESUTO: Lechea-ne. Derived from the verb " hochea " to grow
plentifully in one place and yet widely spread. Used as a stimulant
for bulls in the spring.

Floret of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 49

SPHAERALCEA, St. Hil.

S. pannosa, Bolus.

Eiver banks and mountain slopes. 1^-4 ft. high, flowers pinkish-
mauve. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 469 !

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualancl. Natal. Hope Town.

SESUTO : Lecheane le nnka. The "Lecheane" of the river. See
Abutilon sonneratianum, Sweet. Use unknown.

S. prostrata, Harv. var. molle.

Mountain side, near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 7740 ft., Shrub 4 ft.
high, flowers pink, Mai'ch. Galpin, 6586 !

DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North.

S. Julii, Bkr. fil.

Banks of Eland's Eiver, near Witzie's Hoek, c. 5700 ft., December.
Thode, 2 ! ; Caledon Eiver, Zeyher, 217 !

DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North. Hope Town.

HIBISCUS, Linn.

Hibiscus leiospermus, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-15 in. high. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
124! ; Van Eeenen, 5500 ft,, December, Wood, 7467.

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal (near Irene,
Belfast).

SESUTO : Sefala-bohoho. The crust scraper. Used in medicine for
colic.

H. malacospermus, E. Mey.

Veld, road sides, and mountain slopes, 3-12 in. high, flowers
carmine and cream. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 2761; Mafeteug, December,
Herman Bolus in Herb. Bolus \ ; Bester's Vlei, 5400 ft., December,
Solus, 8125 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Tembulaud. East
Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Eustenburg, Lydenburg). Orange
Free State (Bethelem).

SESUTO: Sekutle. Meaning unknown, >V^///^. Derived from the
verb " ho putla " to cut in two. B oho y ana. Small bread. Used as
a charm to prevent villages being bewitched by enemies or struck
by lightning. Medicinally used as a cure for headache and other
ailments.

4

50 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. pusillus. Thunb.

Thaba Unchu, Zeylier \

DISTRIBUTION: Port Elizabeth. Albany. Graaff Eeiuet. Griqua-
land West (Kimberley). Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal. Zulu-
land. Transvaal (Pretoria, Rustenberg). Bechuanaland (Maf eking).
Bulawayo.

H. atromarginatus, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes, 6-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 450 !

DISTRIBUTION: Graaff Reinet. Que>oistown. Aliwal North. Hope
Town. Komgha. Natal. Orange Free State (Bloemfonteiu). Transvaal
(Waterberg). Swaziland. Rhodesia (Bulawayo).

SESUTO : Semameloana se seholo. The big " Semameloana." A
favourite plant with the witch-doctors. See also Heliophila sulcata,
Conrath.

H. Trionum, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes 3-22 in. high, flowers yellow with a dark
centre, March, A. Dieterlen, 85 ! 632 ! ; ravine, west slopes of Leribe
plateau, corolla pale yellow with a dark throat, Phillips, 746 !, south
slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillies, 895 ! ; Van Reeuen, 5500 ft.,
December-May, Wood, 5705 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Alexandria. Murraysburg. Graaff Reiuet.
Beaufort West. Cradock. King William's Town. Komgha. Transkei.
East Griqualaud. Transvaal (Pietersburg, Rustenberg, Barberton).
Bechuanaland. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Lereletsane le leholo. The big smooth one (Di'terlen, 85,
which is var. hispidus). Lereletsane. The smooth one. (Dieterlen,
632, which is var. ternatus).

STERCULIACEAE.

HERMANNIA, Linn.

H. candicans, Ait.

Mountain slopes near rocks. 3-5 ft. high, flowers yellow. Autumn.
A. Dietrrlen, 555 !

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Stellenbosch. Swellendam. Rivers-
dale. Humansdorp. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Uitenhage. Graaff
Reinet. Worcester (Matjesfonteiu). Beaufort West. Prince Albert.
King William's Town. Komgha. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Lecheane la thaba. The " Lecheane " of the mountain.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 51

The word " lecheaue " is derived from the verb "ho cheana " to
be dispersed or in rags, though growing abundantly together. Use
unknown.

H. pallens, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 755 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Tulbagh. Caledou. Oudtshooru.
Uitenhage. Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North. Murraysburg. Beaufort
West.

SESUTO : Motoo oa thaha. The bleating of the mountain. Use
unknown.

H. depressa, N. E. Br.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 4-20 in. long.
Flowers reddish-yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 107 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Tembuland. Griqualand East.
Natal. Transvaal (Johannesburg, Eusteuberg, Zeerust, Barberton).
Orange Free State (Bloemfontein). Rhodesia (Mazoe).

SESUTO : Seletjane. Meaning unknown. Pliate ea ugaJca. The
bedding (or carpet) of the doctor. Used by the native doctors when
working the divining bones. A native doctor seldom uses any medicine
without consulting the divining bones, which are supposed to indicate
both the illness and the medicine to be employed. A much renowned
medicine for colic. Also used as a charm against witchcraft.

H. Gerrardi, Harv.

Hillside between Trent Kop and Antelope Park, Dist. Mclear,
c. 5600 ft. March, flowers creamy white. Galpin, 6589 ! ; Mount
Fletcher, 5000 ft., July, Sim, 2529 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

H. Woodii, Schinz.

Grassy slopes on Klein Pot River, 4600 ft. March. Flowers pink.
Galpin, 6588 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Magaliesberg).

MAHERNIA. Linn.

M. coccocarpa, E. & Z.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers dark violet.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 338 ! ; mountain slope above the Mission
Station, small shrub 3-6 in. high, flowers red, uncommon, Phillips,

52 Annals of the South African

529 !, Qoqolosi Peak, flowers pink, Phillips, 953 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near
Harrismith, 5300 ft., December, Solus, 8126 ! ; near Mafeteng, October,
Herman, Solus in Herb. Solus, 4381 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Calviuia. Grraaff Keinet. Molteno.
Queenstown. Albert. Aliwal North. King William's Town. Natal.
Griqualand West (Kimberley). Orange Free State (near Bethulie).
Transvaal (Vaal River). Beclruanalaiid.

SESUTO : Leilane Boloulo. The loose soft one, who avoids or turns
from. Boulvana. The small loose one Qena e nyenyane. The
small "qeua." The verb "hoqena" means to dislike or avoid. Sehlare
sa mollo. Medicine of fire. A preparation for use in burns is made
from this plant.

M. chrysantha, Turez.

Mountain slopes. A creeper, 10-40 in long, flowers cream. Summer.
A. Dieterlen. 43a ! 43b ! ; Lefi's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau,
flowers white, rare, Phillips, 821 !; rocky hill near Harrismith, 5000 ft.,
February, Wood, 4723 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstown. Somerset East. Albert. King
William's Town. Stockenstroom. Pondoland. Tembuland. Natal.
Transvaal (Vlakfontein). Bechuanaland.

SESUTO : Khoalchoa. Derived fro in the verb " ho khoakhoathelo "
to adhere. Used as a cement for repairing broken clay pots. A
medicine for heartburn and other complaints. This plant is highly
esteemed and much used for flatulency in pregnant women.

M. cordata, E. Mey.

Veldt and mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 47 ! ; slopes of ravine, flowers yellow, Decem-
ber, A. Dieterlen, 949 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Harrismith, 5500 ft.,
December, Bolus, 8127! Flanagan, 1884!; Caledon Eiver, Zeyherl
Thaba Unchu, UtirJce & Zeyher !

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Irene, Heidelberg).

SESUTO: Leclieane, see Ht-rninunni candicans. Ait. Seh'tjam' se
the big " srlet j:i i:<-." Used as a stimulant for bulls in the

if.

sprin.

M. oblongifolia, Harv.

Between Thaba Unchu and Caledon River, Burke <t-
DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North.

In examining and naming some plants collected in Basutoland by
Madame Dieterlen I came across two sheets labelled Mahernia chrysantha,

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and En ri runs. 53

Planch., and M. cord at a, E. Mey., respectively, but when conipai'ing the
specimens with those in our herbarium and with the descriptions
given in the ' Flora Capensis ' I found that Harvey had sunk M.
cordata, E. Mey., into M. betonicaefolia, E. & Z.*~ Following the
description of M. chrysantha, Planch., Harvey adds the following note:
" Larger and more woody than M. betonicaefolia, with longer leaves
and flower-stalks, longer and narrower petals, and more acuminate
and more woolly calyx-lobes, but in other respects so similar that we
suspect it is merely a very luxuriant variety, and retain the species
chieflv in deference to the opinion of other botanists." Among the
specimens quoted by Harvey under the two species M. chrysantha and
M. betonicaefolia, we have in the South African Museum Collection
the following: Melhania chrysantha, E. Mey., collected by Drege ;
Burke s specimen No. 158 from Dornkop, Bechuaualand ; Ecldon and
Zeyher's No. 320 from Katriver and Mahernia- cordata, E. Mey.,
collected by Drege at Stormberg. A detailed examination of these as
well as other specimens at my disposal makes me agree with Harvey
that M. chrysantha. Planch., and M. betonicaefolia E. & Z., are
co-specific, but I do not agree with him in sinking M. cordata, E. Mey.,
as a synonym of If. betonicaefolia, E. & Z., and I should prefer to
separate them out as follows :

1. M. chrysantha, Turez (H. betonicaefolia, E. & Z., Hermann iu
geniculata , E. & Z., Melhania chrysantha, E. Mey.).

2. M. cordata, E. Mey.

The habit of the two species varies : in M. chrysantha the flowers
are always arranged along the length of the stem and arise from the
axils of the leaves, while in M. cordata the flowers are grouped up
in a panicle at the end of the stem. This difference in habit is
always associated with other characters, as the table given below will
show.

M. chrysantha, Turez. M. cordata, E. Mey.

Flowers large, over 1 cm. long. Flowers smaller, under 1 cm.

long.
Pedicels over 1 cm. long. Pedicels usually less than 1 cm.

long.

The calyx is villous within. The calyx is glabrous within.

Lower half of the petals about Lower half of the petals always
9-uerved. 3-uerved

Madame Dieterleu gives the colour of the corolla as yellow in
M. cordata and cream in M. chrysantha, and in most cases this seems

* Szyszylowicz, ' Polypetalae Thalamiflorae, Rehmannianae' (1887), p. 14 >,
follows the ' Flora Capensis.'

54 Annals of the South Africa it

to hold good, but it is evidently not a constant character, as sometimes
in M. chrysantha (Wood, 4723, E. & Z., 320, 321) the corolla is said
to be yellow.

M. chrysantha (Turez, in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxxi (1858), i, 219).
A prostrate plant. Stem and branches terete, tomentose. Stipules
'9-l - 3 cm. long, about '6 cm. broad, ovate, acuminate, brown, mem-
branous, glabrous. Leaves petioled, 2-10 cm. long ; petiole '5-2'3 cm.
long, terete, tomentose ; lamina 2-8'5 cm. long, -8-4'4 cm. broad,
ovate, oblong, elliptic, ovate-elliptic or ovate-oblong, obtuse, rounded
or cordate at the base, with crenate margins, stellately tomentose
beneath, glabrous or scantily stellately hairy above. Flowers axillary
along the stem, 1-2-nate. Peduncles up to 5'5 cm. long, rarely less
than 3 cm. long, terete, tomentose. Bracts about 1 crn. long, linear
or ovate-linear, tomentose. Calyx-tube '5-1 cm. long, more or less
campanulate, distinctly 10-nerved within, tomentose without ; lobes
5-7 mm. long, very rarely less than 5 mm. long, ovate, subacuminate,
acute, 3-nerved, and tomentose within and without. Corolla white,
cream or yellow. Petals 2 cm. long, 7-8 mm. broad, elliptic or ovate
above, obtuse, and narrowed in the lower half to a concave 9-iierved
pubescent claw. Stamens 5, adiiate at the very base ; filaments
8-1 cm. long, linear, widened into two pi-ocesses about the middle ;
processes covered with stellate hairs ; anthers 7 mm. long, produced
into a fine subulate point, sparsely pubescent with a few stiff hairs.
Ovary subsessile, 6 rnm. long, elliptic in outline, obtusely 5-augled,
tomentose ; style 7 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; stigma simple.
Planch, in Herb. Hook, ex Harv. Fl. Cap. I, 218 ; M. betonicaefolia,
E. & Z. ex Harv., I. c. ; Hermannia geniculata,^. & Z., 1. c. ; Melhania
chrysantha, E. Mey. in Zwei Pjtanzengeogr. Document, p. 201.

Stockenstroom Division, Kat Eiver, near Balfour, E. & Z. 320 ;
Albany Division, Grahamstown, Miss M. Daly, 734; Sheldon, Mrs. H.
Hntton,5Q\; Kaffraria, Cooper, 347; Somerset East Division, MacOwan,
1217; near Cookhouse, L. Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 9312 ; Queeustown
Division, near Shiloh, Drege ; Zwarte Kei Eiver, E. & Z., 321 ;
Bechuanaland, Burke, 158 ; Orange Free State, near Harrismith,
Wood, 4723; Basutoland, Leribe, Madame A. Dieterlen, 43a, 43b ;
Phillips, 821 ; Tembuland, Cala commonage, Miss A. Pegler, 1628 ;
Bashee Eiver, Collector ? 8805; Griqualaud East, Clydesdale, Tyson,
1635 ex parte.

M. cordata (E. Mey in Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Document, p. 200).
Stem terete, tomentose. Stipules '61 "2 cm. long, ovate or lanceo-
late, acuminate, sometimes 3-toothed, tomeutose. Leaves petioled,
2'5-7 cm. long; petiole. -8-1'S cm. long, terete, tomentose; lamina

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 55

l - 5-6 cm. long, '8-5 cm. broad, ovate, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, obtuse,
cordate at the base, with creuate margins, stellate ly tomeutose below,
scantily stellate hairy above. Flowers in terminal panicles. Pedicels
6-1 '2 cm. long, terete, tomentose. Brads about 5 mm. long, linear,
tomentose. Calyx-tube 4-5 mm. long, more or less campauulate,
glabrous and usually 5-nerved within, tomentose without ; lobes
2-3 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, tomeutose without, glabrous
within. Corolla yellow. Petals '9-1 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, broadly
ovate above, rounded at the apex, narrowed in the lower half, the
narrow portion being concave, tomentose, and 3-nerved. Stamens 5,
aduate at the very base ; filaments 45 mm. long, linear, widened into
two processes above the middle of their lengths ; processes covered
with stellate hairs ; anthers 3 - 5 mm. long, acuminate, acute, ciliate
with a few short hairs. Ovary shortly stalked, 2'5-3 mm. long,
obovate in outline, obtusely 5-angled, tomentose ; style 1 cm. long,
terete, glabrous ; stigma simple.

Stonnberg, Drege ; Transvaal, Hoog Veld above Irene, Burtt-Davy,
31; Heidelberg, Schleclt ter, 3534; Orange Free State, Bester's Vlei,
Harrismith, Bolus, 8127, Cooper, Flanagan, 1884, Caledon River
Burke ; Basutoland, Leribe, Madame A. Dieterlen, 47 ; Griqualand
East, Clydesdale, Tyson, 1635 ex parte.

TILIACEAE.

GREWIA, Linn.

G. occidentalis, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 3-8 ft. high, flowers violet. Summer. A. Dieter-
len, 357 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. Cradock.
Komgha. Natal. Transvaal (Potatobosch).

SESTJTO : Lesika. Sinew of an ox, or a thread made of sinews of
cattle. So called on account of the long fibres in the bark. Wood
used to lance or scarify and for making pegs. Also used medicin-
ally.

2. G. hispida, Harv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8129 ! ;
Eland's Eiver Valley, near Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2016 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

56 Annals of the South African Museum.

CORCHORUS, Linn.

C. asplenifolius, Burch.

Thaba Unchu, Zeyher, 148 ! 417 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Hope Town. Orange
Free State (near Parys, nearModder River). Transvaal (Rusteiiburg,
Barberton). Bechuanaland (Kuruman, Mafeking). Rhodesia (Vic-
toria Falls).

LINEAE.

L1NUM, Linn.

L. Thunbergii, E. & Z.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 7-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 444!; damp spots near stream on plateau,
flowers yellow, Phillips, 794 !, Lefi's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 843 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft.,
December, Solus, 8130 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tulbagh. Cape. George. Uitenhage. Albany.
Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North. Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland.
Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal (Middelberg). Swaziland.

SESUTO : Bohlukvana. The small pain. Used in medicine to relieve
pain and as a cure for snake- bite. A charm to prevent accidents
befalling huts and cultivated lands.

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE.
TRIBULUS, Linn.

T. terrestris, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 127!

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Namaqualand Minor. Clanwilliam.
Cape. Uitenhage. Murraysburg. Graaff Reiuet. Natal. Calvinia.
Griqualand West (Herbert). Bechuanaland (Mafeking). Rhodesia
(Bulawayo).

SESUTO : Tsehlo. Meaning unknown. Used together with Andro-
pogon contortus for rheumatism.

Flora of the Lerlbe Plateau n/nl Environs. 57

(1ERANIACEAE.

MONSONIA, Linn.

M. biflora, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers white or mauve,
March. A. Dieterlen, 82 ! 82a ! ; south slopes of Leribe plateau, above
Khauiane, flowers white, Phillips, 860 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers white,
Phillips. 961 ! ; Caledon River, Zeyher, 300 ! Tsita footpath, Drakens-
Ih'i-gen, 6900ft., March, Galpin, 6590.

DISTRIBUTION: S.W. Africa. Graaff Eeinet. Herbert. Aliwal
North. East G-riqualand. Natal. Orange Free State (Bloemf ontein) .
Transvaal (Rusteuburg, Pietersburg, Aapies River, Middleberg.)
Bechuanaland (Mafeking).

SESUTO: Mardrotsvane. Used as a medicine for dysentery and sore
eyes.

M. attenuata, Harv.

Beater's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8131 ! ;
Van Reeuen, 6000 ft., SchlecUer, 6989 !

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Orange Free State. Transvaal (Barbertou).

M. brevirostrata, R. Kunth.

Mountain slopes, 4-12 in. high, flowers mauve, summer, A. Dieter-
len, 714!

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : MokhankJia. He who smells odours. MaJcorotsvane. Use
unknown

M. longipes, R. Kunth (ex descr.).

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-5500 ft., December-
January, Bolus, 8132 ! Flanagan, 2086 !

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale.

GERANIUM, Linn.

G. incanum, Linn.

Damp spots on veld and in dongas. 8-15 in. high, flowers white
or mauve-pink. November. A. Dieterlen, 316 !; Giant's Castle, Alf.
Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 6874 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. George. Humansdorp. Uitenhage. Albany.
Molteiio. Murraysburg. Natal.

SESUTO : Ngope-setsoha. See G. canescens, L'Her. Tlaka. Scorn,
mockery. Tee. Tea. Used by some of the natives for making a kind

58 Annals of tire South African

of tea. The witch-doctors use this plant when working the divining
bones. If one of the bones falls in a certain direction the doctor
sees in it a proof that the sick person whom he is attending is troubled
in his mind, and he prepares his drugs accordingly to quiet him.
Also used to make milk produce much cream. When the milk of a
cow is watery a bunch of this plant is thrown in the clay pot contain-
ing the milk, and the natives believe that it will make the milk
creamy. Also used to get rid of internal worms called " Kopaue,"
supposed to infest the big intestine.

Gr. canescens, L'Her.

Shaded spots on mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 593 ! ; ravine on south slopes of Leribe plateau
above Khauiane, flowers white, Phillips, 863 ! ; shady spots under trees,
ravine west slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 748! ; summit of Mout-
aux-Sources, 9500 ft,, Flanagan, 2017 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Natal.

SESUTO : Lehloele. Clot. Ngope-setsoha. Something which happens
unexpectedly. Used in cases of dysentery.

G. ornithopodum, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes, Malaoaueng. Flowers pinkish-mauve. December.
A. Dieterlen, 950 ! ; shaded spots on mountain slopes, 5-25 in. high,
flowers pale mauve, summer, A. Dieterlen, 544 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources,
6000 ft., October, A. Solus in Herb. Bolus, 6876 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near
Harrismith, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8133 !

DISTRIBUTION -. Cape. Albany. Molteno. King William's Town.
Stockenstroom. Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal
(Barberton, Pilgrim's Rest).

SESUTO : Bohila ba thdba. Sorrel or sourness of the mountain.
Makorotsvane. Meaning unknown.

Used to cure children suffering with a cold in the head. The leaves
are bruised and mixed with water, the nose and nostrils ai - e rubbed
with the lotion, to make the child sneeze.

G. caffrum, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers cream and crimson.
Summer. Sebothvaue. Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 712 !

DISTRIBUTION : Beaufort West. Molteno. Aliwal North. Stocken-
stroom. Tembuland. Natal. Transvaal (Belfast).

SESUTO : Khoaara. See Pelargonium Bowkeri, Harv. MaJcorotsoane.

Meaning unknown.

Flora of fhe Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 59

G. languinosum, R. Kunth.

Giant's Castle, Drakensbergeu, Alf. Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 6875 !
DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand,

G. pulchrum, N. E. Br.

Natal, on the Drakensbergeu, in swamps, 6-7000 ft., January,
Evans, 378.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

G. Thodei, R. Kunth.

Doodman's Krans Mountain, 9650 ft,, March, Galpin, 6591 ! ;
summit Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft,, Flanagan, 2017 ! ; grassy spots
on summit Mont-aux-Sources, c, 8850 ft,, January, Thode, 4 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PELARGONIUM, L'Her.

P. pulverulentum, Colv.

Tsita footpath, Drakensbergen, 6900 ft,, March, Galpin, 6592.
DISTRIBUTION : Trauskei. Pondoland. Teinbuland.

P. aconitophyllum, Harv.

Bester's Ylei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8134 !
DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Tembuland. Natal.

P. caffrum, E. & Z.

Bester's Vlei, near.Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., Flanagan, 1990 !
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

P. myrrhifolium. Ait.

Makhvarane Mountain, Morija. 12-25 in. high, flowers pink. April.
A. Dieterlen, 989 !

DISTRIBUTION : Van Rhynsdorp. Cape. Worcester. George.
Port Elizabeth. Transvaal (Pietersburg).

SESUTO : Bolila ba tJiaba. The sorrel of the mountain. MaJcorots-
vane. Use unknown.

P. grossularioides, Ait.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 4-18 in. high, flowers mauve-pink.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 738 ! ; roadside in Caledon Pass, near the river,
6900 ft., flowers pink, January, Thode, 5 ! ; slopes of Mont-aux-Sources,
7000 ft., January, Flanagan, 2104 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Malmesbury. Tulbagh.
Cape. Caledon. George. Oudtshoorn. Uitenhage. Alexandria.
East London. Murraysburg. Komgha.

t)0 Annuls of the Month African

SESUTO : Mdkorotsvane. Khoaara. See uote under P. reniforme t
Sims.

P. fumarioides, L'Her.

Garden of the Residency, Peka. Leribe District. Flowers whitish.
April. A. Dieterlen, 1000 ! ; Caledon Eiver, Burke \

DISTRIBUTION : ISTamaqualand Minor. Murraysburg. Graaff
R' inet. Orange Free State (Bethulie).

SESUTO : Mak/lrotsvarte o manyenyane. The small " Makorotsvaue."

P. alchemilloides, Wilkl.

Mountain slopes. Flowers mauve. December. Malavaneng, Leribe
District, A. Dieterlen, 951 ! ; near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8300 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6593 !

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. Komgha. Tembuland.
Natal.

SESUTO: Bolila ba thaba. The sorrel of the mountain. Mal;<~>r<~>t*-
rnne.

var. dentatum, Harv.

Mountain slopes. Flowers pinkish. January. A. Dieterlen, 246b !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Uiteuage. Albany. Murraysburg.
Komgha. Temlnilancl. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Bolila ba litsoene. The sorrel (or sourness) of the monkeys.
Bolila ba thaba. Sorrel (or sourness) of the mountain. A lotion is
made from the cooked roots, with which feverish people are washed.

var. aphanoides, Harv.

Shady spots on mountain slopes and ravine. 8-30 in. high, flowers
pale mauve. Summer-autumn. A. Dieterlen, 246a !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Philipstown. Graaff Reinet.

SESUTO : See var. dentatum.

P. reniforme, Sims.

Mountain slopes, 8-20 in. high, flowers da<k and light crimson.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 367!; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers dark purple,
Phillips, 974 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Graaff
Reinet. Murraysburg. Cradock. Aliwal North. Komgha. Tembu-
land. East Griqualand. Transvaal (Oliphant's River).

SESUTO : Khvaara e nyetiyane. The small " Khvaara." The word
" Khvaara " means to climb a mountain which has no path in the
stony patches ; this plant is found growing on such stony patches.
Used medicinally for colic.

Flora <>f tin- Leribf Plateau anil Em-inn/*. 61

P. Bowkeri, Harv.

Mountain and hill slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers dark crimson.
Spring. A. Dieter Jet), 99!; mountains round Bester's Vlei, 6000ft,,
December, Bolus !

DISTRIBUTION : Komagh. Transkei. Natal.

SBSUTO : Khvaara. Derived from " leklivaara " -a stony ridge.
This plant is usually found growing near stones or rocks. See also
P. re ii ifnr me, Sims. The green leaf is eaten by children ; they call it
" bulila " -Sorrel. The dried roots are used by the Bushmen for
making a kind of pap for their babies. Used medicinally for flushings,
colic and diarrhoea.

P. dispar, N. E. Br.

Bushy banks of a rivulet, lower slopes of Auqua Mtn., Witzie's
Hoek, c. 6000 ft., March, flowers whitish, strongly scented, Thode, 6 ! ;
Natal, Tiger Cave Valley, 6-7000 ft., among grass, January, Evans,
371.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

P. Schlechteri, B. Kunth. ?

Eland's Eiver Valley at the foot of Mont-aux-Sources, 6800 ft,,
December, Flanagan \

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland.

OXALIS, Lwn.

0. convexula. Jacq.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-6 in. high, flowers pink-mauve.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 170!; ravine, flowers pink, base of
corolla yellow, Phillips, 767, south slopes of Leribe plateau above
Khaniane, Phillips, 925 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Harrismith, 5400 ft.,
December, Bolus, 8135 ! near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., Flanagan, 1936 !
Caledon Eiver, Burke, 441 ! ; Natal, upper Tugela, 4000 ft., January,,
Wood, 3505 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Komgha. Albany. Port Elizabeth. Ceres.
Queenstown. Transkei. Tembulaud. Orange "Free State (Bloem-
fouteiii).

SESUTO : Boli-Ja. Soi-rel or sourness. See 0. Smithii, Sond.
Phillips 925 is an exact match with Burke 441 labelled by Harvey in
our Herbarium 0. cotivexula, Jacq., but differs from the description in
the ' Flora Capeusis ' in the peduncles not being bracteate and the
sepals not ciliate.

Mr. F. Bolus, who is revising the genus Oxalis, reports on the

62 Annals of the South African Museum.

above specimens as follows : 0. convexula, Jacq. Phillips, 767, Burke,
441. O. convexula, Jacq. var. pnbescens. Dieterlen, 170, Flanagan,
1936. 0. convexula, Jacq. var. htsplila. Wood, 3505.

0. setosa, E. Mey.

Tsita footpath, Drakensbergen, 0900 ft., March, Gulpin, 6596!; in
valley at base of Doodman's Kraus, c. 8500 ft., March, flowers piiik.
Galpin, 6594 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Belfast). Rhodesia (G-welo).

0. Smithii, Sond.

Under rocks or shrubs on mountain slopes and ravines. 3-13 in.
high, flowers pink to mauve. March. A. Dieterlen, 540 ! 879 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albanv. Komgha. Natal. Transvaal.

O v <-}

(Barber ton).

0. corniculata, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 2-16 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 171 !; south slopes of Leribe plateau above Khaniane,
flowers yellow, Phillips, 915 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albany. Somerset East. Aliwal North.
Komgha. Tembulancl. Natal. Transvaal (Rustenburg).

SESUTO : Bolila ba thaba. Sorrel (or sourness) of the snakes. A
medicine for snake-bite. The bitten limb is washed with water mixed
with this plant and a ligature tied above the bite. The patient must
be carried across a stream, as the injured portion of the body must not
touch water, otherwise the wound will smell.

ERODIUM, L'Her.

Erodium cicutariu.ni ? L'Her.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-20 in high, flowers mauve. Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 642!

DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed.

SESUTO : Makorotsvane.

OLACINEAE.
CASSINOPSIS, Sond.

C. capensis, Sond.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, 8-12 ft. high, flowers green.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 345 ! ; tree, frequent, Phillips, 596 !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 63

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Somerset East. King William's
Town. Komgha. Natal. Transvaal (Barberton, Fountain Grove,
Elandspruitbergen) .

SESUTO : Hotale. The green one. So named because it is an
evergreen tree. Used for building huts.

ILICINEAE.
ILEX, Linn.

I. capensis, Sond. & Harv.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, flowers cream. Spring-
Summer. Thaba Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 62 ! ; Leribe,
A. Dieterlen, 392 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, occa-
sional, Phillips, 726 !

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Cape. Stelleubosch. Swellendam.
Port Elizabeth. Albany. ' Komgha. Stutterheim. Transkei. King
William's Town. Natal. Transvaal (Botsabelo, Barberton, Zout-
pansberg). Rhodesia (Mazoe).

SESUTO: Moldij a plwfu. The bleating of the eland. Phulclu.
Derived from the verb " ho phukha " to break easily. Used for
firewood. Employed by the witch-doctors in conjunction with the
divining bones to prevent a sick person being bewitched. Given as an
enema to children suffering from colic.

CELASTKLNEAE.
GYMNOSPORIA, Wight & Am.

O. (Celastrus peduncularis, Sond.)

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5600 ft., December, Bolus,
8136!

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Stutterheim. King William's Town.
Komgha. Natal.

According to Galpin used by Kaffirs for making fighting-sticks.

G. acumiiiata, Szysz. (C. acuminatus, Linn.)

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, flowers greenish. Spring.
Thaba Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 553 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Stellenbosch. Caledou. Swellendam. Port
Elizabeth. Albany. King William's Town. Komgha. Transkei.
Tembuland. Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Tsikane. Derived from " litsika " threads. Tepo. Glue.

64 Annals of the 8 with African

Derived from the verb " ho lepoloha " -to trickle down. The wood is
used for making walking sticks ; it contains a sticky substance. The
bark is used for building huts.

G. (C. buxifolius, Linn )

Mountain slopes and ravines. Bush or small tree, 3-10 ft. high,
flowers white or cream. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 75a ! 75b ! ; Ravine
on west slopes of Leribe plateau, tree 12-15 ft. high, Phillips, 722 !
Only a few specimens were seen.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Ciauwilliam. Tulbagh. Cape. Swel-
lendam. Uitenhage. Albany. Graaff Reiuet. Oudtshoorn. King
William's Town. Komgha. Transkei. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria,
Irene, Barberton).

SESUTO : Sefea-maeba. " Sefea " means strong in throwing stones,
" maeba " is a rock dove. There is no explanation as to why the plant
is so called. Sefea-maeba se senyenyane. The small " sefea-maeba."
Mixed with parts of snakes it is used medicinally as a cure for snake-
bite.

G. (C. albatus, N. E. Br.)

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, flowers green. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 285 ! ; Van Reenen, 5500 ft., November ; Wood, 6362 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Potatobosch).

SESUTO : Moqai. Meaning unknown. The wood of this tree is
much appreciated for making sticks and knobkerries. Young men
who cannot obtain the wood yet call their sticks " Moqai," pretending
that they have been made from this tree.

EHAMNEAE.
KEAMNUS, Linn.

R. prinoides, I/Her.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Bush, 7-12 ft, high, flowers green.
Summer. A Dieterlen, 79 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau,
tree, leaves shining green above, pale beneath, Phillip*, 742 !

DISTRIBUTION: Swellendam. George. Port Elizabeth. Graaff
Reinet. Somerset East, Aliwal Nortn. King William's Town.
Komgha. Trauskei. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria). Rhodesia
(Broken Hill).

SESUTO : Nofifi. Darkness. So called on account of the dark
green leaves. Branches of this plant are placed on the top of huts,
in cattle kraals, or iu the " Lekhotla '" (the court) to prevent harm
befalling the inmates.

Flora of the Lerlbe Plateau and Environ*. *>

AMPELIDEAE.
RHOICISSUS, Planch,

R. (Cissus) cuneifolia. Planch.

Mountain slopes, trailing on rocks or shrubs, flowers yellowish-
green. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 83!; growing under cliffs on west
slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 620 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Somerset East. King-
William's Town. Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal. Orange
Free State (nr. Parys). Transvaal (Crocodile and Magalies Rivers).
Bechuaualand. Rhodesia (Grwelo).

SESTJTO : Morara. The creeper. The fruits are eaten by children in
late autumn. The plant is cooked and drunk by sterile women in
order to become pregnant. Also used as a charm by a chief when he
establishes a new village.

SAPIXDACEAE.

MELIANTHUS, Linn.

M. villosus, Bolus.

Eland's River Valley, near Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2004 ! ; on a rocky hill, Weeneu County, 4-5000 ft., December,
Wood, 4376 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

GREYIA, Hook & Harv.

G. Sutherland], Hook. & Harv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5700 ft., December, Bolus,
8137!

DISTRIBUTION : Stutterheim. Tenibuland. Natal. Orange Free
State. Transvaal (Slaiigapie Mtns., Macamac).

ANACARDIACEAE.

RHUS, Linn.

R. discolor, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 1-3 ft. high, flowers yellowish. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 29 ! 29b ! ; slopes of ravine between the Mission Station and
Jonathan's village, common, Phillips, 551 ! ; low bush, 9-12 in. high,
common, PhUU})*, 614 ! 844 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5500 ft., Flanagan, 1864! December, Bolus, 8138!

66 Annals of the Soiith African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Tembuland. Natal. Orange Free State.
Transvaal (nr. Carolina, Irene, Lydenburg, Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Kopshsvane or Kopshane. Meaning unknown. Mohlohlvane.
The thick part or swelling in a root. In autumn the natives make
fires with this plant in the cultivated lands with the idea that a good
crop will result. As the fruits are thickly clustered and brightly
coloui-ed, they think these properties will be imparted to their crops.
Lantana salviaefolia is used for the same purpose. The fruits are said
to cause constipation.

R. divaricata, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes. Shrub, flowers whitish. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
17! 17b!

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.

SESUTO : Kolitsane. Kolitsana. The same word, derived from
" koli " a blot, and " tsane " small. The wood is used for making
strong kuobkerries. As a medicine, it is mixed with Scabiosa colum-
baria. Linn., and Cussonia paniculata, E. & Z. Used in cases of
colic. The witch-doctors employ this plant for rain making.

H. pyroides, Burch.

(Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 17 !). Leribe Mountain. Sin-ub, 5-8 ft. high,
flowers cream. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 17c ! ; Ravine on west slopes
of Leribe plateau. A bush, Phillips, 753 !

DISTRIBUTION : Kuysua. Uitenhage. Natal.

SESUTO: Kolitsane. See R. divaricata, E. & Z.

R. dentata, Thuub.

Mountain slopes. Shrub, flowers cream. Spring-Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 76b ! ; mountain slopes behind the Mission Station, a low
bush, not uncommon, Phillips, 527!, ravine on west slopes of Leribe
plateau, frequent, Phillips, 581 ! without precise locality, Cooper, 750 ! ;
Wittebergen, 4-5000 ft., Di-ege.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Grraaff Reinet. Komgha.
Transkei. Tembulaud. East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal
(Ermelo).

SESUTO : Mabelebele. Much grain, derived from "mabele" grain.
The red berries, as well as those of R. Sonderi, Engl. var., are eaten
freely.

R. erosa, Thunb.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Shrub, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 78 ! ; mountain slopes behind the Mission Station, Phillips,

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 67

526 !, Lefi's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, frequent, Phillips,
842 !, south slopes of Leribe plateau, above Khaniane, Phillips, 892 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Cradock. Murraysburg. Teinbuland.

SESUTO: Ts'ilabelo. Ntsilabelo. Tstlabele. The three names applied
to this plant are derived from the verb " hotsila " to smell, and
" mabele " grain. Branches are used for making brooms and build-
ing enclosures. Used by the witch-doctors for rain making and as a
medicine for diarrhoea in men and cattle.

R. Zeyheri, Sond.

Mountain slopes. Shrub, flowers whitish. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
17a!

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Pretoria, Magaliesberg) .

SESUTO : Kolitsana. See B. divaricata, E. & Z.

R. viminalis, Vahl. var. Gerrardi, Engl.

Mountain slopes and ravines. Tree, flowers yellow. Summer.
Khanyane, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 691 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Mosilabele. See R. erosa, Thunb. Used for building huts.

R. dregeana, Sond.

Near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 7130 ft., March, Gcdpin, 6599 !
DISTRIBUTION: Mooiplaats. (Legit, Drege).

R. lucida, Linn.

Bushman's Eiver Valley, 6-8000 ft., Wood, 10635 !
DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Caledon. Eiversdale. Albany.

R. Burchellii, Soud.

Mountain slopes and ravines. 2 A ft. high, flowers yellowish.
Summer, A. Dieterlen, 581 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Clanwilliani. Murraysburg. Aliwal
North.

SESUTO : Mokhoa-phiri or Mokhoa-mphin. Derived from the verb
" ho Khoaphi ritsa " to scratch (the plant being thorny). The
Sesuto names are the same word pronounced differently, as e. g. Ellen,
Helen.

R. Sonderi, Engl. var. pilosa, Engl.

Mountain slopes. Shrub, flowers cream. Spring-Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 76a !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transvaal (Pretoria).

SESUTO : Mabelebele. See R. dentata, Thuiib.

68 Annul* <>f the South African Museum.

R. sp.

Mountain slopes. Cream flowers. December. A. Dieterlen, 962 !
SESUTO : Kopshvane. Meaning unknown.

I cannot match this either in our Herbarium or in the Bolus
Herbarium. The material is too scanty to describe.

SMODINGIUM, E. Mey.

S. argutum, E. Mey.

Slope of Leribe Mountain near the Matalane Ravine. Shrub, 6 ft.
high, flowers cream. November. A. Dieterlen, 1007 ! ; Natal.

Polela, 5000 ft,, Wood, 967 ! 6-7000 ft., Evans, 634 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Pondoland.

SESUTO : Tsilabelo e Kholo. The big " Tsilabelo." Branches used
to make enclosures.

LEGUMINOSAE.
PLEIOSPORA, Harv.

P. grandifolia, Diinimer,

Side of a grassy hill, Van Reenen, December, Wood, 4516.
DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (no locality).

LOTONONIS, DC.

L. Wyliei, Wood.

Natal. Tabamblope, 6000 ft., October, Wood, 10651 (or 7) ! ; Mout-
aux-Sources, c. 7200-8100 ft,, Evans, 753.

DISTRIBUTION : Zululand.

L. Galpinii, Diiinmer.

Summit and upper eastern slopes of the Drakeusbergen from Tsitsa
Footpath to Satsanna Berg, 7850-9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6600 !
6601 ! .

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. minor, Diimmer & Jennings.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9000 ft., March, Galpin, 6602 also source
of the Tina River, 8750 ft., March, Galpin, 6602 ! .

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. procumbens, Bolus.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-6400 ft., December, Solus,
8139 ! Flanagan, 2094 ! SanJcey, 44.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 69

L. eriantha, Benth

Basutoland, without precise locality. Cooper, 2269 ; Van Reenen,
5500 ft., December, Wood, 4525; Olivier's Hoek Pass, c. 5000 ft.,
Wood, 3602.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Houtbosch, near Lyden-
burg).

var. obovata, Scott-Elliot.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 6-15 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlm, 65!

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Molomo o monate. Good mouth. A Basuto before visiting
a chief bathes in water in which a bruised or crushed plant has been
dipped, or a bit of the plant is chewed, the belief being that it will
bring luck and act as a charm in obtaining the favours of the chief or
other important person visited. It is said to give a " good mouth 'in
speaking in such a way as to fascinate the chief.

L. foliosa, Bolus.

Drakensbergeu, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3542; Bester's Vlei
near Witzie's Hoek, 5300 ft., December, Bolus, 8140!; Harrismith,
Sankey, 46.

DISTRIBUTION : Zululand. Swaziland. Transvaal (near Pretoria,
Pilgrim's Rest).

L. lanceolata, Benth.

Ravines and mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 437 ! ; Wittebergeu, Drcge !

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (nr. Johannesburg). Zululand.

SESUTA : Khonathi. Khonathe. Khonatse. Derived from the verb
" ho Khouathela " to adhere to. An adhesive preparation is made
from the roots and which is used to stop diarrhoea. It is either drunk
or taken as an enema.

L. cmmania, Burch.

Basutoland, near sources of the Kuruman River at Little Klibbobik-
honni, Burchell, 2445, 2472 ; Caledon River, Burke & Zeyher, 405 '>
Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. laxa, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes. 3-10 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 654b ! : Thaba Unchu and Caledon River. Burke, ZeyJier,
393, 401, 402.

70 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queeustown. Graaff Reinet. Colesburg.
Albert. Transkei. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria).
SESUTO : See L. Woodii, Bolus.
Madame Dieterlen's specimen is a narrow-leaf form.

L. Woodii, Bolus (= L. montana, Schinz).

Mountain slopes. 3-10 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring. A.Dieterlen,
654a ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, small shrub, flowers yellow, Phillips, 942 ! ;
grassy slopes of Matela's Peak, 7200 ft., January, Thode, 10! ; Harri-
smith, c. 5000 ft., Wood, 4788 ; Mahwaga, 6-7000 ft. April, Wood,
4603.

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria. Albany. Queenstown. Transvaal
(Standerton).

SESUTO : Musapelo oa matlapa o monyenyane. The small comforter
of the stony ridges (or of the flat stones).

This plant has all the appearance of an Argyrolobium, but the char-
acters of the calyx and the turgid legume would place it in the genus
Lotononis. Schiuz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 30 described it as L.
montana on the specimen Wood, 4603 (this description appeared three
years later than Bolus'), and remarks "the plant was originally
marked as an Argyrolobium, and Avill be found in most collections
under that genus ; the structure of the calyx makes the position there
impossible, although it certainly in habit recalls several of the prostrate
Argyrolobiums. Phillips, 942, is a form of the species with smaller
leaves which are silvery white.

L. tenella, E. & Z. var. glabra.

Bester's Vlei, near Harrismith, 6000 ft., December, Bolus, 8141 ! ;
Natal, VanReenen, 5-6000 ft., March, Wood, 6033 ! 6704 !

DISTRIBUTION: Aliwal North. Tembuland. Transvaal (Belfast).

L. versicolor, Benth.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 10-20 in. long,
flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 519b !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany.

SESUTO : Senamanama se Seholo. The big one who creeps. Mixed
with other plants and given in milk to children for bronchitis.

L. Rehmannii, Diimmer (ex descrJ).
Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 280a !
DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Hooge Veld).
SESUTO : See L. caJycina, Benth. for name and uses.

L. ornata, Diimmer (ex descr.}.

Dry and stony places on veld and in dongas, 1-1-10 in. high, flowers

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 71

bright yellow. Early Spring. A. Dieterlen, 519a ! ; Basutoland, without
precise locality, Cooper, 745.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Senamanana. He who creeps. Mixed with other plants
it is used as a cure for bronchitis in children.

L. calycina, Benth.

Veldt and mountain slopes, 5-10 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 280 ! ; Thaba TJnchu, BurJce, 436.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Somerset East. Albany. Stocken-
stroom. KingWilliam'sTown. Komgha. Pou-doland. Natal. Zululand.

SESUTO : Nomele, from " ho uama " to extend, to spread, to be
stretched. Mixed with other plants, especially L. versicolor, Benth.,
it is used as a preparation in the cure of bronchitis in childi'en.

L. basutica, Phillips, sp. nov. ( Leptis.) Planta pusilla. Radix plus
quani 20 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata. Rami pubescentes. Folia trifoliolata,
stipulata, petiolata, 1-4 cm., longa. Stipidae solitariae, 4-8 mm. longae,
r5-3 mm. latae, ovatae, lanceolatae vel oblanceolatae, subacuminatae,
apice acutae, pubescentes. Foliola l-3'2 cm. longa, -3-1-2 cm. lata,
elliptica, lanceolata, lanceolato-elliptica vel oblanceolato-elliptica, apice
acuta vel obtusa, pubescentia. Flores solitarii, terminates vel axillares.
Lobi calycis 6-7 mm. longi, T5-2 mm. lati. lanceolati, acuminati, apice
acuti, dense pubescentes ; tubus 4 mm. longus, campanulatus. Pedi-
cellus 4 mm. longus, teres, pubescens. Vexillum 1 cm. longum, 7 mm.
latum, ovatum, apice acutum, glabrum ; alae 8'5 mm. longae, 3 mm.
latae, oblongae, apice truncatae ; carina 8'5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata,
apice obtusa. Filamenta 7-8'5 mm. longa ; antherae globosae vel
lineares. Ovarium 4 - 5 mm. longum, oblongum, villosum ; stylus 5 mm.
longus, arcuatus ; stigma globosuni. Frnctus 1'4 cm. longus, oblongo-
linearis, turgidus, sericeo-pubesceus.

Mountain slopes. 5-10 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 268. Rare, flowers yellow, Phillips, 683.

SESUTO : Mohlala.

A dwarf plant with a deep underground cylindric tap root, over
20 cm. long and 1 cm. in diameter, with numerous slender branches
arising from the upper end. Branches terete, pubescent. Leaves
trifoliate, stipulate, petiolate, 1-4 cm. long. Stipules solitary, 4-8 mm.
long, l'5-3 mm. broad, ovate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, subacuniinate,
acute, pubescent. Median leaflet l'S-3'2 cm. long, -7-l'2 cm. broad,
mostly elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, obtuse or subobtuse, mucrouate,
pubescent ; lateral leaflets, 1-2 cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, lanceolate,
oblanceolate-elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, acute or obtuse, pubescent.

7- Annals of the South African

Flowers solitary, terminal or axillary, yellow. Calyx-lobes 6-7 mm.
long, ]'5-2 mm. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, acute, densely pubes-
cent, almost villous ; tube 4 mm. long, campauulate. Pedicel 4 mm.
long, terete, pubescent. Vexillum 1 cm. long, 7 mm. broad, ovate,
acute, glabrous, with a semiterete claw 3 mm. long ; alae 8'5 mm.
long, 3 mm. broad, oblong, truncate at the apex, with a narrow
linear claw 3 mm. long ; carina 8'5 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, almost
plano-convex in outline, obtuse, with a claw 2'5 mm. long. Stamens
monodelphous, with 6 filaments longer than the other 4 ; the longer
filaments 8'5 mm. long with globose anthers ; the shorter filaments
7 mm. long with inear anthers. Ovary 4 - 5 mm. long, oblong in
outline, niany-ovuled, villous ; style 5 mm. long, arcuate ; stigma
globose. Fruit 1'4 cm. long, oblong-linear, turgid, silvery-pubescent.
Near L. laxa, E. & Z., from which it differs in having larger leaves
and a differently shaped vexillum.

L. Dieterlenii, Phillips, sp. nov. ( Krebsia). Sttffrutex 20-35 poll,
altus. Kami longi, graciles e caudice, dense pubesceutes. Folia
petiolata, trifoliolata. Petiolus 5 mm. longus, pubescens. Foliola
1'3-1'9 cm. longa, l-3'5 mm. lata, lanceolata, apice acuta, mucronata,
basi angustata, pubesceutia. Stipula circiter 2 mm. longa, linearis.
Itiflorescentia laxa, peduuculata, racemosa vel spicata, axillaria.
Pedunculus 2-7 cm. longus, dense pubescens, supra 1-4-florifer, infra
nuclus. Bracteae 2-5 mm. longae, - 5-l mm. latae, ineares vel
lanceolato-lineares, pubescentes. Pedicellus 1'5 mm. longus, teres,
villosus. Tubus calycis 5'5 mm. longus, villosus ; lobi 2 mm. lougi,
ovati, acuminati, apice acuti, villosi. Vexillum 9 mm. lougum,
ovatum, apice retusum, subtus pubescente ; alae 1 cm. lougae, - mm.
latae ; carina 1 cm. louga, 2 mm. lata, apice obtusa. Ovarium 4 mm.
longmn, villosum ; stylus 6 mm. lougus, arcuatus ; stigma capitatum.
Fructus junior 6 mm. longus, villosus.

Slopes of high mountains. 20-35 in. high, flowers mauve-grey.
Malavangeng, Leribe District. Summer. A. Dteterlen, 871.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Mosita-tlali. See Buchenroedera viminea.

A shrub 20-35 in. high. Branches long, slender, densely pubescent.
Leaves petiolate, 3-foliate, petiole 5 mm. long, pubescent ; leaflets
1 3-1/9 cm. long, l-3'5 mm. broad, lanceolate, acute, mucronate,
narrowed at the base, pubescent. Stipules solitary, about 2 mm. long,
linear. Flowers in racemose or spicate long-peduucled axillary lax
inflorescences. Peduncles 2-7 cm. long, densely pubescent, bearing
1-4 flowers on the terminal portion, naked below. Bracts 2-5 mm.

Flora <>f flic Leribe PI at ctin ami Environ*. 73

long, -5-1 mm. broad, linear or lanceolate- linear, pubescent. Pedicel
1-5 mm. long, terete, villous. Calyx-tube 5 '5 mm. long, villous ; lobes
2 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, villous. VexUlum 9 mm. long,
ovate, retuse, with a linear channelled claw 5 mm. long, pubescent
without near the margin ; alae 1 cm. long, 2 mm. broad, rounded
above, with a linear claw 5 mm. long ; carina 1 cm. long, 2 mm. broad,
almost plano-convex in outline, obtuse. Ovary 4 mm. long, terete,
villous, many-ovuled ; style 6 mm. long, curved ; stigma capitate,
Young fruit 6 mm. long, semi-terete, villous, about 4-seeded.

Near L. cytisnicles, Bth., L. Wyliei,Wood, and L. Galpini, Diinimer,
from all of which it differs in having long peduncles which are up to
4-flowered.

L. trisegmentata, Phillips, sp. nov. ( Krebsia) (PL III, fig. A).
Svffrntex, -5-1-2 m. altus. Rami villosi. Folia stipulata, petiolata,
trifoliata. Stipxlae 1 vel 2, 3-4 mm. longae, '75 mm. latae, liueares,
apice acutae, villosae Petiolus 3-5 mm. longus, teres, dense pubes-
cens. Foliola -5-1 cm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, obovata, oblanceolata
vel oblanceolato-linearia, apice acuta, villosa. Flores solitarii, termi-
nales vel axillares. Pedicelltis 3 - 5 mm. longus, teres, dense pubescens.
Tubus calycis 4 mm. longus, villosus ; lobi 6 mm. longi, ovati, acumi-
uati, apice obtusi, villosi; lobi laterales connati. Ve.ciUam 1'i cm.
longum, 1 cm. la turn, suborbiculatum, subtus dense villosum ; alae
1-2 cm. lougae, infra 4 mm. latae, ovato-lanceolatae, apice subobtusae,
glabrae, infra rugosae ; carina 1'4 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata, apice obtusa.
Ovariinn 1 cm. longum, lineare, dense villosum; stylus 7 mm. lougus,
arcuatus . stigma minutuni, capitatum. Fructus 2 '4 cm. lougus,
3'5 mm. latus, compressus, rostratus. villosus.

Slopes near the Caledon River. Flowers bright yellow and blue.

Summer. A. Dieterlen, 353.

SESTJTO : Motoai-toai. He who wanders alone. The Basutos give
the plant this name because individuals do not usually grow together,
but are scattered about.

An erect plant '5-1-2 m. high. Branches terete, villous. Leaves
stipulate, petiolate, trifoliate. Stipules 1 or 2, 3-4 mm. long, '75 min.
broad, linear, acute, villous. Petiole 3-5 mm. long, terete, densely
pubescent. Leaflets '5-1 cm. long, 2-3 mm. broad, obovate, oblanceo-
late or oblauceolate-liuear, acute, villous. Flowers solitary, terminal,
or axillary. Pedicel 3'5 mui. long, terete, densely pubescent. Calyx-
tube 4 mm. long, villous ; lobes 6 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, obtuse,
villous ; the lateral lobes held in close contact with one another by the
interwoven hairs so that the calyx appears to have only 3 segments.

74 Annals of the South African Museum.

Vexillum 1'2 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, suborbicular, densely villous
without, with a short concave claw 3 mm. long bent at right angles
to the limb ; alae 1'2 cm. long, 4 mm. broad below, ovate-lanceolate,
subobtuse, glabrous, with transverse ridges on the lower half and a
linear claw 4 mm. long ; carina 1'4 cm. long, 5 mm. broad, almost
plano-convex in outline, obtuse, with a linear claw 4 mm. long. Ovary
1 cm. long, linear in outline, densely villous ; style 7 mm. long,
curved; stigma minute, capitate. Fruit 24 cm. long, 3 - 5 mm. broad,
compressed, beaked, villous.

Closely allied to L. Wyliei, Wood, from which it differs in the less
shrubby habit and in the manner in which the lateral calyx-lobes are
joined.

forma sericea.

Ramuli, folia vexillumque sericeo-pubescentes non villosi.

In this form of the species the branchlets, leaves, and vexillum are
silky-pubescent, not villous, as in the type.

Slopes of Litsoeneug Mountain, Botsabelo, near Maseru. February.
Flowers cream and blue. A. Dieterlen, 1020.

var. robusta, Phillips, var. nov.

A typo habitis robustoribus et ramis rigidis lignosis divaricatis
cliff ert.

This is distinguished, from the type by the more robust habit, and
by having stiff woody divaricate branches, otherwise similar to the
type.

Slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., January, Flanagan, 2095.

forma sericea.

Folia sericeo-pubescentia non dense pubescentia.

Similar to var. robusta, but the leaves are finely silky-pubescent, not
densely pubescent.

Natal, Drakensberg, Polela, 6-7000 ft., February. Flowers light-
blue, Evans, 634.

The above separation of the species must be regarded as provisional
until more material can be examined. The material at my disposal
certainly showed four distinct forms, which could be easily separated
by a superficial examination. Evans 634 and Flanagan 2095 differ
from both of Madame Dieterlen's specimens by their more robust
habit. The branches are from 4-5 mm. in diameter, whereas in the
Basutoland specimens they are only 2 mm. in diameter. Then again
Evans 634 and Diderlen 1020 agree in having a silky indumentum,
while Flanagan 2095 and Dieterlen 353 have a densely pubescent,

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 75

almost villous indumentum. I could find no characters by which the
specimens could be suitably separated except for the more robust habit
of Evans 634 and Flanagan 2095, and as this gives them such a distinct
appearance from the Basutoland specimens I have thought it advisable
to include them in a var. robusta, and to look upon Evans 634 as a
silky form of the variety in the same way as Dieterlen 1020 is a silky
form of the type.

ASPALATHUS, Linn.

A. poliotes, E. & Z.

Klein Pot River Drift, 4550 ft., March, Galpin, 6603.
DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Albany. Uitenhage.
Dr. Bolus identified Mr. Galpin's plant as A. frankenioides, DC.
The above name was given by Kew.

BTJCHENROEDERA, E. & Z.

B. viminea, Presl.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 10-30 in. high, flowers mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 611 !

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. East Griqualaud. Natal.

SESUTO : Mosita-tlaM. He who overcomes lightning. Mixed with
Dichilus strictus, E. Mey., it is used as a charm against lightning.

B. glabriflora, N. E. Br.

Stony places on slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 8850 ft., January,
Thode, 7 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.

B. lotononoides, Scott-Elliot.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, December, Bolus, 8142 ! ;
Van Reenen, 6000 ft., February, Wood, 5625.

B. sparsiflora. Wood & Evans.

Bushman's River Pass, 8-9000 ft., April, Evans, 716.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

MELOLOBIUM, E. & Z.

M. microphyllum, E. & Z.

Ravines and mountain slopes. 2-4 ft. high, flowers yellow. A.
Dieterlen, 163 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers yellow, Phillip*, 956 ! ; near
Caledon River and Orange River, Zeylier, 391 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Komgha.

7(! A/II/II/S of the South African Museum.

SESUTO : Sehlabane. He who pricks. Mofahla-toebu. He who
offends the mouse. The plant is placed under the big grain baskets
;uid the thorns keep mice away. Bushes are burnt in a sick room and
the smoke acts as a fmnigator.

var. decumbens.

Grassy slopes of " Matelas Peak," c. 7200 ft., January, Thode, 11 ! ;
Bushman's Eiver Valley, 6-8000 ft., October, Wylie in Herb. Wood,
10656.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. alpinum, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 8-30 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 552 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6000 ft., December,
Flanagan, 1937 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Molteno. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO: 'Musa pelo o moholo. The big " Musapelo." Motsnrhla.
He who oozes. Derived from " ho busa " to bring back, and "pelo "
the heart. Should be " Mo-busa-pelo " he who brings back the heart
or courage. This name is given to many Legumiuosae, which are
largely used by witch-doctors and others in Basutoland as a sedative
for comforting persons who have passed through great sorrow (e. g. a
mother at the death of her child), or who are depressed and sad. The
medicine is supposed to make the person forget his sorrow and to
encourage him to be happy again. It is administered to all heathen
Basutos after the death of a near relative.

M. obcordatum, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 6-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring.
Dieterltn, 558 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers yellow, Phillips, 967 ! ; near
Buffalo River Waterfall, 7500 ft., March, GaJpin, 6604

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Linavana tsa thaba. The small beans of the mountain.

M. Pegleri, Dii miner.

Grassy hills between Matela and the Caledon River, c. 6150 ft.,
January, plant clammy, flowers yellow, Thode, 9 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

DICHILUS, DC.

D. strictus, E. Mey.

Ravines and mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
379 ! ; Eland's River, at the foot of the Mout-aux-Sources, 5600 ft,,

Flora of tlie Leri.be Pf/ifru// and Environ*. 77

December, Flanagan, 1941 ! ; Brakwaal, foot of Drakensburg, 5000 ft.,
November, Wood, 6604.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Lesita-tlali. He who overcomes lightning. This plant
and Buclienroedera viminea are burnt and the ashes mixed with water,
everything and everybody in the village is then sprinkled with the
mixture and are then supposed to be immune to lightning. The
brush used for the sprinkling is called a " lechoba," and is made from
the long hairs at the end of an ox's tail. If the tail of a brindled
gnu is used the charm is believed to be more effective.

var.

Banks of streamlets in the CaledonEauge (spur of Drakensbergen),
Conquered Territory, c. 6150 ft., January, flowers yellow, Thode, 8 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

CROTALARIA, Linn.

C. distans, Benth.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 495 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Bechuanaland.

SESUTO: Mo<~>kana. Meaning unknown. Thotsana. A small seed.
Musapelo a mosehlanyana. The yellowish comforter. Together with
Erytkrina Zeyheri, Harv., it is used to make a " thato " or charm
which enters certain medicines.

CYTISUS, Lin,,.

C. natalensis, Bolus.

Natal. Bushman's River Pass, c. 6300 ft., November, A. Bolus, in
Herb. Bolus, 10456 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ARGYROLOBIUM, E. & Z.

A . longifolium, Walp.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8146 1
DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Elandspruitbergj.

A. tuberosum, E. & Z.

Mountain, slopes. 6-14 in. high, flowers brown and yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 590 ! ; Ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, alae and
carina yellow, vexillum brown, Phillips, 669!; Bester's Vlei, near

78 Annals of the South African Museum.

Witzie's Hoelc, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan, 1930 ! ; Drakensberg,
5000 ft,, January, Wood.

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Albany. Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Lebesana. Little milk. Tsoetlaenyenyane. Little "Tsoetla."
Lethnli'imache. Meaning unknown. Children chew the roots.

A. collinum, E. <i Z.

Mountain slopes, 8-16 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring. A. Dieterlen,
652 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus,
8147!

DISTRIBUTION : Caledou. Kiversdale. Uitenhage. Albany. Grraaff
Reinet, Cradock. Rhodesia.

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo oa matlapa. The comforter of the flat stones.

A. Andre wseanium, Stem], var. pauciflorum.

Mahwahqa, 6-7000 ft,, March, Wood, 8256.
DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Barberton).

A. amplexicaule, Diimmer.

Natal, Giant's Castle, c. 6000 ft,, November, .4. Bolus in Herb Bolus,
6878!

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. East Griqualand.

A. nanum, Schltr.

Veld and road sides. 2-4 in. high. April. Botsabelo, near Maseru,
A. Dieterlen, 1023 ! ; Van Reeuen, 4500 ft, December, Wood, 5875 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Mohlala.

A. nigrescens, Diimmer.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2179; Harrismith,
Sankey, 56 ; Natal, Van Eeenen Pass, c. 6500-8400 ft., Wood, 4517.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. Sankeyi, Diimmer (ex descr.).

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1876 ! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 43 ; Griauts Castle, 7000 ft,, November,
A. B^lus in Herb. Outhrie, 4800

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualaud.

A. variopile, N. E. Br.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-12 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 520 ! ; Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft., December,
Wood, 5693, 6355.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 79

SESUTO : Moomang o monyenyaiie. The small " Moomaug." Musa
pelo o monyenyane. The small comforter. See Melolobium alpinum.

On this sheet was mounted a specimen (fruiting) belonging to a
different species, which owing to lack of material I was unable to
determine.

A. cf. A. tuberosum, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes, 4-8 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
521 ! ; Left's Kloof, IST.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers yellow.
Phillips, 825 !

SESUTO : Malimantsoetlana. Meaning unknown. The native children
sometimes chew the roots.

This is probably A. tuberosum, E. & Z., but the material is poor.
The plant has a long tuberous root sometimes exceeding 1 ft. in length.

A. sp. (cf. A. pumilum E. & Z.).

Tsitsa Footpath, Ben Me Dhui and Satsanna Berg, 7900-9750 ft.,
March. Galpin, 6606, 6607.

A. sp. (deflorate,).

Summit Ben McDhui, 9900 ft., March, Galpin, 6605.

MEDICAGO, Linn.

M. laciniata, All.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 147 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Swellendam. Uitenhage. Albany. Graaff
Reinet. Griqualand West.

SESUTO : Bohomenyana. The small " Bohonie." Derived from the
verb " ho homa " to adhere or stick to, referring to the spiny fruits
which adhere to the clothes. The plant is well ground and as an
infusion is used as a love philtre.

TRIFOLIUM, Linn.

T. africanum, Ser. var. glabellum, Harv.

Veld, river banks and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 6-30 in.
long. Summer Autumn. A Dieterlen, 94!; In stream on Leribe
plateau, flowers red, Phillips, 803 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8148 ! ; Marsh at base of Doodman's Krans
Mtn., 8500 ft., March, Galpin, 6608 ! ; near Buffalo River Waterfall,
8200 ft., March, Galpin, 6609 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Griqualand.

s < Annul* of the South A/finn/

SESUTO : Mdqdpolla tltula. Meaning unknown. It is often men-
tioned in the Basuto folklore as being eaten by women. MoJcopshoe.
Meaning unknown. Moqophi. He who goes deep (referring to the
root). Palesa e bitsoa morokd. The flower is called " Moroko." As
an infusion or chewed raw it is used as a remedy for sore throat or
heart pains. The inflorescence is eaten by children.

I cannot agree with Harvey in separating T. Burchellianum, Ser. and
T. africanum, Ser., as the two species appear to be united by his var.
glabellum. In Madame Dieterlen's specimens, which show seven
inflorescences, the calyces are wholly glabrous and the peduncles of four
" heads " are quite devoid of hairs. The leaves are typical of T.
africanum, Ser., and perfectly glabrous. The totally glabrous plant
shows a variation in the direction of T. Burchellianum which would
unite this species and T. africanum more closely than Harvey's var.
glabellum. Galpin, 6608, 6609, ai - e named in his list T. Burchellianum,
Ser.

T. angustifolium, Linn.

Damp spots near fountain, Botha-Botha, Leribe District, flowers
greyish-mauve. A. Dieterlen, 931 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape.

SESUTO : Joany ba mehlaka. The grass of the marshes. Setlama
A plant resembling an ear of corn.

PSORALEA, Linn.

P. polysticta, Benth.

Ravines and mountain slopes. 30-40 in. high, flowers mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 372 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Swaziland. Bechuana-
land.

SESUTO : Mohlonecha. He who makes respectable. A chief who
wishes to have prestige in the sight of his subjects must bathe the
whole of his body with a decoction of this plant. The burnt root is
smoked as a cure for colds in the head.

INDIGOFERA, Linn.

I. spinescens. E. Mey.

Mountain slopes, Berea, Maseru District. 2-3 ft. high, flowers
carmine. Early spring. A. Dicterlen, 575 ! ; Basutoland, without
precise locality, Cooper, 694 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Orange Free State.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 81

SESUTO : Lehlahla-Barvana. Bush of the small Bushmen. The
Bushmeu, naturally short, could hide themselves behind these bushes
when pursued by the Basutos. For colic, a decoction is prepared
from it.

I. dimidiata, Vog.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers red. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 539 !

DISTRIBUTION : Philipstown. Komgha. East G-riqualand. Natal.

SESTJTO : 'Musa pelo oa thaba. He who brings back the heart of the
mountain. See also Melolobium alpinum, Liuu.

I. cuneifolia, E. & Z.

Natal, Bushman's Eiver Valley, 7-8000 ft., October, flowers deep
rose pink, Wood, 10567 ; Cathkin Peak, 10,000 ft., November, A. Bolus
in Herb. Outline, 4804 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Philipstown. Somerset East. Queens-
town. Stutterheini.

I. tristis, E. Mey.

Veld and mountain slopes. 20-25 in. high, flowers red. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 441 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East G-riqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo. See Mdolobium alpinum, Linn.

I. fastigiata, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes and river banks. 10-20 in. high, flowers red.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 35 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East G-riqualaud. Natal. Transvaal
(Barberton) .

SESUTO : Phehleloane. Derived from the verb " ho fehla " to
churn. Leta-la-phofu. The saliva of the eland. Crushed and mixed
with other plants it is used as a charm to give prestige to a chief.
The burnt roots, which are smoked, are said to be a cure for headache.

I. Zeyheri, Spreng.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-26 in. high, flowers white or red.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 30 ! 30b ! ; flowers pink, occasional,
Phillip*, 667!

DISTRIBUTION: Uiteuhage. Port Elizabeth. Alexandria. Albany.
Somerset East. King William's Town. Natal (near Charlestown,.
5-6000 ft.).

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo o monyenyane. The small comforter.

6

82 Annals of the South African

I. hedyantha, E. & Z.

Near rocks on mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, flowers bright red.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 630 ! ; near " Cave " at foot of the Mont-aux-
Sources, 6800 ft., January, Flanagan, 1940 !

DISTRIBUTION: Philipstowu. Komgha. Tembulaiid. EastGriqua-
land.

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo oa mofika. The comforter of the rocks. See
also Melolobium alpinum. Linn.

I. hilaris, E. & Z.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8151 ! ;
Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 6240 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Pretoria.)

I. Evansii, Schltr.

Drakensberg, 6-7000 ft., February, Evans, 636.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

I. rostrata. Bolus.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, Bolus, 8150!; Van
Eeenen, 5500 ft., December, Wood !
DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland.

I. sp.

Natal, slopes of Drakensbergen, 5000 ft., Wood, 3510 !

I. sp.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus,
,8149 !

TEPHEOSIA, Pers.

T. polystachya, E. Mey.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, c. 6000 ft,, Thode !
DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Tenibuland. East Griqualaud. Natal.

T. capensis, Pers.

Mountain slopes and plateau. Branches trailing on the ground,
>6-25 in. long, flowers bright carmine. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieter-
len, 129 ! 333 ! ; mountain slopes behind the Mission Station, a
straggling plant or a scrambler, flowers dark red, Phillips, 522 ! 528!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Swellendam. Knysna. George. Port Eliza-
beth. Uitenhage. Albany. Komgha. East Griqualand. Transvaal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau aitJ Environ^. 83

SESUTO : Pelo li maroba. The hearts have holes (or are pierced).
The name given in reference to the roots being eaten by worms in
.summer. The cooked roots are given in cases of palpitation of the
heart.

On examining many specimens of this species I am unable to
satisfactorily divide them into the varieties proposed by Harvey and
so have not adopted them, though the specimen No. 333 would be
included in his var. angustifolia, and No. 129, which has larger leaves,
perhaps in var. hirsuta.

T. sp.

Veld and mountain slope. 8-20 in. high, flowers carmine. Spring-
summer. A. Dieterlen, 175 !

SESUTO : Tsoetla. Tsoetsoetlela. Malintsoetla. Malsoetintsoetla.
Meanings unknown. Native children are fond of the roots of this
plant and go long distances to find them. The shepherd boys say
that it relieves thirst. The fibre is used to make ropes. As a charm
for children, the ground roots are put in incisions made on the body.

SUTHEELANDIA, Br.

S. frutescens, E. Br.

Mountain slopes and banks of rivers. 3-6 ft. high, flowers bright
red. Spring. Letlapeug, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 643 !

DISTRIBUTION : Van Ehynsdorp. Clanwilliam. Tulbagh. Cape.
Swellendatn. Molteno. Transvaal.

SESUTO : 'Musa-pelo oa noku. The comforter of the river. Used as
an infusion for dropsy of the heart.

LESSEETIA, DC.

L. perennans, DC.

Damp spots on the mountain slopes. 18-30 in. high, flowers mauve,
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 360!; slopes of ravine on the west
slopes of Leribe plateau, 1-2 ft. high, flowers pink, Phillips, 587 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Komgha. East G-riqualaud. Natal.

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo o moholo oa liliba. The great comforter of the
springs. See Melolobium alpinum, Linn.

L. polystachya, Harv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1882 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

Flanagan's plant is not so hoary as the type (Zeyher, 460) and the

84 Annals of the South African Museum.

pods are longer (up to 8 in. long), but otherwise I can find no specific
differences.

L. depressa, Harv.

Mahobone, Leribe District, flowers pink and purple, November,
A. Dieterlen, 1008 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Eeinet.

SESUTO : 'Musa pelo.

L. Thodei, L. Bolus.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9800 ft., January, Flanagan,.
1939 ! ; grassy and stony places at the summit of the Mont-aux-
Sources, c. 8850 ft., January, Thode, 12 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. stricta, Bolus.

Veld and mountain slopes. 20-35 in. high, flowers carmine pink.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 95!; Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., flowers
deep pink, Wood, 8846 ! 10727 !

DISTRIBUTION: East G-riqualand. Transvaal (Scheerpoort, Aniers-
poort, Crocodile River).

SKSUTO: 'Musa pelo o mohola. The big comforter. As a decoction,

preparation made from this plant is drunk every day by a person
who has passed through some affliction until he is better.

L. Dykei, L. Bolus.

Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., October-December, Flanagan in Herb.
Bolus, 8152 !, E. Dyke in Herb. Marloth !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

EEYTHEINA, Linn.

E. Zeyheri, Harv.

Veld. 15-30 in. high, flowers bright red. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
547!

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (between Senekal and Bethe-
lem). Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Mofumo. Derived from the verb " ho fuma" to take the
fibres from a plant. The " fibre" of this plant is not easily stripped
off. They are used to relieve people suffering with asthma. The
red seeds are called " Khunioana" and used as beads to make neck-
laces.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 85

PHASEOLUS, Linn.
P. Mungo, Liun.

A cultivated plant, flowers mauve. A. Dieterlen, 693 !

DISTRIBUTION : A native of India, said to have been introduced into
Basutoland from Natal primarily as a medicine, now cultivated for
food.

SESUTO : Lehloli. He who observes from above. The seeds are
ground and rubbed into a scarified tumour or abscess to promote the
formation of pus.

VIGNA, Savi.
V.sp.

Natal, Van Eeeneu, 6500 ft., March, Schlechter, 6784 !

DOLICHOS, Linn.

D. chloryllis, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 3-5 ft. long, flowers
green, crimson, and yellowish. December-January. A. Dieterlen, 833 ! ;
banks of Caledon River, Burke !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Letrmiukn. Derived from the verb " ho tom5kela," to make
a noise (by an assembly of people) with the mouth. This plant is
much used by the witch-doctors when working the divining bones.
Used as a charm to drive away an approaching hailstorm.

RHYNCHOSIA, Lour.

R. hirsuta, E. & Z.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant 15-40 in. long,
flowers brownish-yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 92 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Philipstown. Stockenstrooin. Korngha.
East Griqualand. Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Monyatalane. He who passes uni-ipe grain. The roots
are chewed.

R. adenodes, E. & Z.

Veld and mountain slopes. Trailing plant, 10-30 in. long, flowers
yellow. Summer Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 112 ! ; Leribe plateau,
flowers, yellow, occasional, Phillips, 674 !; Thaba TJnchu, Zeyher, 280 !

DISTRIBUTION: Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal. Orange Free
State (Orange River).

SESUTO : Monyamali. He who passes blood (so called on account

86 Annals of the South African Museum.

of the red sap). The roots and stems are crushed and given to calves,
and cattle in milk as a cure for dysentery.

R. Totta, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-15 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer,
A. Dieterlen, 66! Leribe plateau, flowers yellow, Phillips, 698!;
Caledon River, Zeyher !

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth. Albany. Queeustown. Philips-
town. Komgha. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Zeerust, Crocodile
River) .

SESUTO : Seoelioetla and Sebelibetloa. Meaning unknown. Seltiili.
He who jumps over. Children eat the roots.

R. craibaea, DC.

Mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 2-4 ft. long, flowers yellow.
February-March, Matalane slopes, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen,
840!

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Monyamali. He who passes blood. Morarana oa liphepa-
The creeper of the white clay. A lotion for rheumatic pains is made
from the cooked roots. The dried and powdei'ed roots, taken as a
snuff, is supposed to be a cure for headache. Formerly a decoction of
this plant was used to wash garments made from the skins of sheep
and goats.

R. Woodii, Schiuz.

Hill-side, Van Reenen, November, Wood, 6627.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

R, Harmsiana, Schltr.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek and Bethlehem, 5300 ft., January,
Bolus, 8154 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei.

R. sp.

Oliver's Hoek Pass, 5-6000 ft., January, Wood, 3532.

ERIOSEMA, DC.

E. cordatum, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 6-18 iu. high, flowers yellow and brown.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 221!; Left's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 830 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 87

SESUTO : Leshetla. Soft bone. Lesapo le letseliali. The i'emale
bone. Setloli se s^hola. The big jumper. Used as a stimulant for
bulls in spring, but not so powerful as E. salignum, E. Mey., and
must be mixed with other plants.

E. salignum, E. Mey.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 104!; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5300 ft,, December, Bolus, 8155 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Tembuland. East Grriqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Barbertou).

SESUTO : Lesapo. Bone. So called because the long root is as
hard as bone. Used as a stimulant for bulls in spring.

E. parviflorum, E. Mey. (ex descr.).

High mountain slopes. 15-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer,
Malaoaneng, Leribe Disti-ict, A. Dieterlen, 866 !

SESUTO : Leshetla la loti. The " Leshetla " of the high mountain.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

E. sp.

Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood in Govl. Herbarium, 7627.

CALPURNIA, E. Mey.

C. robinioides, E. Mey. (= C. sericea, Harv.).

Ravines and mountain slopes. A tree, flowers bright yellow.
Spring-Summer. Tsikvane, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 584 ! ;
Basutoland, von Schlicht, 82 ; Kraai River, Aliwal North, Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic,

SESUTO : Motsohlo. Derived from the verb " ho tsohla," to chew or
masticate. So called because the branches do not break " clean," but
tear. Used as firewood and for building huts.

C. intrusa, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. Mowers yellow. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen,
37 ! Left's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, a large bush 5-6 ft.
high, occasional, Phillips, 835 ! ; Bester's Vlei near Witzie's Hoek,
5400-5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8156! Flanagan, 1877!; Natal,
Currie's Post, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6811 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Tlo'-lt. Tlole. Meanings unknown. The plant is crushed
and mixed with water, and the mixture is sprinkled over skins (of
freshly killed animals) which have been pegged to the ground to dry.

88 Annals of the South African Museum.

The mixture being bitter, dogs or pigs will not mutilate the skins-
A lotion is also prepared from it to wash bad maggoty wounds of
animals.

C. Woodii, Schinz.

Slopes of Drakensbergen, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3516!
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

HOFFMANSEGKHA, Cav.

H. Sanderson!, Wood.

Natal. Tabanhlope, 6000 ft., Wood, 10483 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ELEPHANTORHIZA, Benth, '

E. Burchellii, Benth.

Yeld and mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 46 ! ; Caledon Eiver, Burke ; Bester's Vlei,
near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8157 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Queenstown. Komgha. Natal.
Orange Free State (between Senekal and Bethelern). Transvaal
(near Pretoria).

SESUTO : Mositsane. Meaning unknown. The crushed roots, mixed
with water, are used to make skins supple and impart a reddish colour
to them. The roasted seeds are a substitute for coffee. The Dutch
name is " Elaudsbontjes." See Kew Bulletin, 1907.

ACACIA, Willd.
A. horrida, Willd.

Veld and mountain slopes. A tree, flowers yellow. Berea, A.
Dieterlen, 185 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Komgha.

SESUTO: Ledka. Derived from the verb "ho okamela " to hang
over and make shade. The crushed roots are mixed with the food of
infants as a cure for colic. Believed to have been introduced into
Basutoland.

ROSACEAE.

RUBUS, Linn.
R. Ludwigii, E. & Z.

Mountain slopes, near rocks. Bush 3-5ft. high, flowers carmine.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 19!

DISTRIBUTION : Molteuo. Queeustown. East Griqualand. Natal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs.

SESUTO : Nonokotsoai oa basali. The mulberry or raspberry of the
women. See also B. rigidus, Sm.

R. rigidus, Sm.

Mountain slopes, near rocks. 3-5 ft. high, flowers carmine.
Spring-Summer. A, Dieterlen, 20 !

DISTRIBUTION: Tulbagh. Caledou. Worcester. Swellendani.
Knysna. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Komgha. Natal. Transvaal.

SESUTO : MonoJcotsoai oa banna. The mulberry or raspberry of the
men. The fi-uits are edible. A decoction is made from the roots and
o-iven when there is acute pain in any illness. The natives believe that
the prickly nature of the plant will struggle with the pain and so
overcome it.

GEUM, Linn.
G. capense, Thunb.

Slopes of high mountains. 3-15 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
Malavaueng, Leribe district, A. Dieterlen, 870!; Drakensbergen,
Schonghong, A. Dieterlen, 736! ; summit Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft.
January, Flanagan, 2123!

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. King William's Town.

SESUTO: Qoyoana ea Lesotho. The small " Qobo " of Basutoland.
" Qobo " is Gitnnera perpensa, which resembles this plant in the
shape of the leaves. HIapi ea loti. The fish of the high mountain.
No. 736 appears to be a dwarf form only 3-8 in. high.

G.sp.

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 899 !

SESUTO : HIapi ea loti. The fish of the high mountain.

Material too poor for determination, but I suspect it to be only
G. capense, Thunb.

ALCHEMILLA, Linn.
A. Woodii, O. Kuntze.

Damp spots on veldt and mountain slopes. A prostrate plant,
3-12 in. long, flowers pale yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 307!;
Leribe plateau, flowers yellow, Phillips, 700 ! ; stony roadside on the
Caledon River and Conquered Territory, c. 6000 ft., January, Thode,
13 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6200-6700 ft., December,
Flanagan, 1894! Bolus, 8158 ! ; Natal, on a stony hill at Van Eeenen,
December, Wood, 4518.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO: Mo-lala phuka. He on whom the dew remains. Horothetsa-
He who lets (dew) drop little by little. The plant is roasted on hot
ashes and the smoke is supposed to relieve headache.

90 Annals of the Soiith African Museum.

LEUCOSIDEA, E. & Z.
L. sericea, E. & Z.

Ravines and mountain slopes. Tree 8-10 ft. high, flowers yellow.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 164 ! ; Natal up to 6000 ft. ; ravine between
Jonathan's village and the Mission Station, tree 12-15 ft., the principal
tree in the ravine, Phillips, 586 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Griqualaud.

SESUTO : Mositw. Meaning unknown. Theshe or Cheche. These are
Zulu names and the tree is better known by them than the old Sesuto
name of "Mosino." Mixed with other plants it is used as a vermi-
fuge. Largely used as firewood.

AGRIMONIA, Linn.
A. Eupatoria, Linn.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. l-3i ft. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. Boriberg, Leribe district, A. Dieterlen, 517 !

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. King William's Town. Komgha. Tem-
buland.

SESUTO: Mosinvana. The little "Mosino" (Leucosidea sericea, E. &
Z.). Mixed with other plants it is used as a vermifuge.

CLIFFORTIA, Linn.
C. linearifolia, E. & Z.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6500 ft., December, Bulus,

8159!

DISTRIBUTION -. Uitenhage. Natal.

C. juniperina, Linn.

Basutolaiid, without precise locality, Cooptr, 690 !

DISTRIBUTION: Van Rhynsdorp. Tulbagh. Cape. Paarl. Swellen-
dam, Kyusua.

C. ramosissima, Schltr.

Mountain slopes. Bush 2-4 ft. high, flowers yellowish. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 71 !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon.

SESUTO: Sehalahala sa matlapa. The bushy plant of the flat stones.
Used as firewood.

C. sp.

Ravines and mountain slopes. Shrub 5-7 ft. high, flowers
yellowish. Spring. A. Dieterlen, 288 ! ; Van Reenen, Schlechter,
6748 !

SESUTO : Lenyofane. Meaning unknown. Used as firewood.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 91

This is a fruiting female specimen. I have compared it with a
specimen collected by Schlechter (No. 6748) at Van Reenen, from
which it only differs by the young branchlets being glabrous.
Probablv an undescribed species, but the material is too insufficient
to describe.

C. sp.

Natal. Tabanhlope, 6-7000 ft., June, Evans, 663.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic ?

SAXIFRAGACEAE.

VAHLIA, Thiinb.
V. capensis, Thunb.

River banks, Metlotloaneug, Leribe district, flowers yellow,.
February, A. Dieterlen, 821 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Namaqualand Minor. Malmesbury.
AVorcester. Paarl. Griqualand West. Transvaal.

SESUTO : Phdkisanyana. Make little haste.

CRASSULACEAE.

CRASSULA, Linn.
C. sarcocaulis, E. & Z.

Stouy banks of a streamlet, Amaqua Mtn., Witzie's Hoek, c. 6300 ft.,
February, a shrubby plant with white flowers, Thode, 14! summit
of the Drakensbergeu, near the source of the Tina River, 8750 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6614; Wittebergen, 5000 ft., Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Qu?enstown. Murray sburg.

C. rubicunda, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, flowers dark red. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 239 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers
dark red, occasional, Phillips, 617!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Khato. Coloured spots (made by a native doctor on a
patient). Felco. Name of a charm supposed to make a person
unobserved.

C. brachypstala, E. Mey.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5800 ft., December, Bolus \
DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. Natal.

C. platyphylla, Harv.

Mountain slopes, 8-20 in. high, flowers white. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 418 b !

92 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (Bloemfontem).
SESUTO : See C. Turrita, Tlmnb.

C. rubescens, Schonl & Bkr. f.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1834! ; Goodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6625.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

C. sediflora, E. & Z.

Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 252a ! ex parte ; growing on sloping rocks at
side of streams, flowers white, Phillips, 739!; south slopes of Leribe
plateau above Khaniane, Phillips, 885 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cathcart. Stockenstroom.

SESUTO : See C. baswtica, Schonl.

. tenuicaulis, Schonl.

Natal, Van Eeeneu, 5500 ft., March, Schlechter, 6964.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

C. umbraticola, JST. E. Br.

Natal, in moist places under dense shade, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft.,
Wood, 5961, 5969; Evans, 362.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.
See note under C. crenatifolia, Bkr. f.

C. natans, Thuub.

In a marshy hollow near the village of Matsoeberane, between
Hlohoeng and the Caledon Eiver, l|-4 in. high, flowers reddish, A.
Dieterlen, 942a ! ; Eiver beds at Hlotse, Leribe District, 2-5 in. high,
flowers white, October, A. Dieterlen, 809!

DISTRIBUTION : Malmesbury. Cape. Paarl. Swellendam. Somerset
East.

SESUTO : Morim oa mokhoabo. The hair of the marsh. Moriri-oa
nukana. The hair of the small river. Moriri oa liliba. The hair of
the fountains. Mohat'a metsi o monyenyane. The small one who
tramples on the water. This plant is used to make a " medicine "
called " Mohatollo " (meaning deliverance from oppression), and is
used as a charm when a person is suspected of being bewitched. Also
used as a charm in cases of illness. If a child is ill, incisions are
made on its body as well as on the body of the mother, in which the
" medicine " is placed, and some of the child's blood is put into the
mother and vice versii. In the case of a grown-up person the same
process takes place between him and his nurses.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau mul Environs. 93

C. barklyana, Schoul.

Ben McDhui, 9450 ft., March, Galpin, 6626.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

C. basutica, Schonl.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 2-12 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Diderlen, 252a ! ex parte ; Leribe plateau, flowers white, Phillips,
716!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : See C. Harveyi, Britt. et Bkr. f . Very closely allied to
C. sed> flora, E. & Z., from which it differs iu having smooth, not
minutely toothed, leaf -margins. The type specimen in our collection
has no flowers.

C. crenantifolia, Bkr. f.

Natal, Van Reenen, Schlechter, 6925.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Dr. Schonlaud reports " appears to be identical with C. umbrati-
cola, N. E. Br."

C. Cooperi, Regel.

Doodman's Kraus Mtn., 8900 ft., March, Galpin, 6621.

var. r, Regel.

Basutoland, near the Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8250 ft., March,
Galpin, 6624; Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9400 ft., March, Galpin, 6623,
6624.

var. robusta, Schonl. forma foliis hispidis.

Banks of river and mountain slopes. 2-10 iu. high, flowers white.
Summer. Hlotse, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 877!

DISTRIBUTION : Hanover.

SESUTO : See C. Turrita, Thunb.

C. curta, N. E. Br.

Natal, Mahwaqa Mtn., 6-7000 ft., Wood, 4592; Drakensberg,
5-6000 ft., March-April, Wood, 6081.
DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.
Dr. Schonland reports " not sharply divided from C. Cooperi.'''

C. drakensbergensis, Schonl.

Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft,, March, Schlechter, 6962.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

C. elongata, Schonl.

Summit Pot River Berg, 6450 ft., March, Galpin, 6620.
DISTRIBUTION : Queeustown.

'94 Ann ah of the South Afrn-tnt Museum.

C. Galpini, Schonl.

Leribe plateau ami slopes of Q<><|nl<>si Peak. H-5 in. high, flowers
red and white. March, A. _D/r/r/-/< //, 572 ! 994 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers
white with a dark red centre, Phillies, 973 ! ; marshy ground at base of
Doo.lman's Krans Mtn , 8500 ft,, March, Galpin, 6616 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.

SESUTO : Mo-ara-matsi. He who faces the water. Sutsdsa. A
scarecrow. In cases of fatigue, and fever accompanied by pain, the
body of the patient is washed, with a lotion prepared from, the bruised
roots.

C. Harveyi, Britt. et Bkr. f. (= C. a1p>stri*, Harv. non Thunb., 0.
laxa, Schonl.).

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-8 in. high, flowers white. Simimer.
A. Dieterlen, 252 ! ; Summit of the Moiit-aux- Sources, 9500 ft.,
January, Flanagan, 1823! Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5000-
5400 ft., December-January, Flanagan, 1838 ! Bolus, 8160 ! ; Tsitsa
Footpath, Drakensbergeu, 7400 ft., March, Galpin, 6615.

DISTRIBUTION : Van Rhynsdorp. Clanwilliam.

SESUTO : Setsosa. A scarecrow. Serelinenyana. The Mnall slippery
one. See also C. setulosa, Harv.

C. natalensis, Schonl.

Mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers white. Summer. Thaba
Pkatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 696 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Bohobe ba setsumi. The bread of the hunter. A decoction
is made from the plant and drunk for sore throat. It is also used as a
lotion for sore eyes.

C. setulosa, Harv.

Slopes of Qoqolosi Peak. 3-8 in. high, flowers white. February-
March. A. Dielerlen, 969 ! mountain slopes and plateau, 2-10 in.
high, flowers white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 252c ! ; Qoqolosi Peak,
flowers white, Phillips, 941 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal.

SESUTO : Setsosa. A scarecrow. Serelilenyana. The small slippery
one. A decoction is made from this plant and given to a child, born
after the death of an elder brother or sister, to drink. It is then
supposed to act as a charm. Mixed with tobacco the plant is smoked.

C. Turrita, Thunb.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-10 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 418a !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 95

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Komgha.

SESUTO : SereWenyana. The small slippery one. Selatsi. He who
gives rest to. A decoction is made from the plant, after prolonged
boiling, and used iu chest complaints.

'C. rosularis. Harv.

Basutolaud, near Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 7800 ft., March,
Galpin, 6617.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

C. transvaalensis, O.K. (= C. subiilata, Hook.).

Mountain slopes. 2-6 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 166a ! Van Reeueu, 5500 ft., February, Wood, 9806.

DISTRIBUTION : Konigha. Bechuaualand. Orange Free State.
Transvaal.

SESUTO : Moriri oa letlapa. The hair of the flat stones. As a cure
for headache the whole plant is dried, crushed, and then smoked. As
a charm, a lotion is made from it. If a native has disturbing dreams
about his ancestors his body must be bathed with the lotion by an
older person ; this is supposed to bring back dreamless nights.

C. tenera, Schiml, M.S. (= C. mucosa, Harv. non Linn.).

Mountain slopes. 2-8 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 166b ! ; south and west slopes of Leribe plateau, growing
under shelter of rocks, Phillips, 686 ! 859 ! Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips,
980!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albany.

SESUTO : See C. subulata, Hook.

Phillips, 686 is a form of the species.

C. mucosa, Linn.

Basutoland, summit of Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 7800 ft.. March,
Galpin, 6618 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

C. sp. ( = Bulliarda Vaillantii, DC.).

In marsh at the base of Doodmau's Kraus Mts., 8500 ft., March,
Galpin, 6613 ; in Vlei at summit of Barkly Pass, 6500 ft., G. Rattray
in Herb. Galpin, 7295.

DISTRIBUTION : Malmesbury. Cape. Port Elizabeth. Queenstown.

C. limosa, Schoul. ?

Doodrnan's Krans Mtn., 9125 ft., March, Galpin, 6612.

96 Annals of the South African Museum.

C. sp.

Edge of- marsh, Doodman's Kraus Mtn., 8500 ft., March,
6G27.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic ?

C. sp.

Natal, Drakensbergen, 6-7000 ft., February, Evans, 614.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic

GRAMMANTHES, DC.
G. gentianoides, DC.

Mountain slopes Flowers yellow. February. A. Dieterlen, 1001 !

DISTRIBUTION : Van Rhyusdorp. Malmesbury. Tulbagh. Paarl.
Cape. Stellenbosch. Caledon. Swellendam.

SESUTO : Phalananyana. Small trumpets. Referring to the shape
of the corolla.

KALANCHOE, Adam.
K. thyrsiflora, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 15-26 in. high, flowers yellow. Early spring.
A. Dieterlen, 496 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queeustown. Philipstown. East Griqua-
laud. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Barberton).

SESUTO : Serelile. The slippery one. Used as a charm in cases of
difficulty, when matters can be smoothed over. A decoction is made
from the plant after being well cooked and given as an enema for
intestinal worms. Must be carefully used or it may cause harm. A
decoction prepared from the well-cooked roots is drunk by pregnant
women who do not feel well. It is said to ease them.

COTYLEDON, Linn.
C. orbiculata, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, flowers reddish-yellow. Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 318!

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Natal.

SESUTO : Serelile. The slippery one. Of use in many diseases.
Makes a charm for an orphan child. The native children use the
leaves as playthings.

C. Flanagan!, Schonl.

Mountain slopes. 20-30 in. high. Flowers reddish-yellow. Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 497 !

DISTRIBUTION . Komgha.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 97

SESTJTO : Serelile. The slippery one. Used as a charrn to smooth
matters over when a difficulty arises. Used in confinement cases
where the birth of the child is difficult. The roots, together with
Commelina africana, Linn., are used by barren women.

DROSERACEAE.

DROSERA, Linn.
D. Burkeana, Planch.

Mountain slopes, growing on rocks or sand. 3-9 in. high, flowers
magenta. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 742a !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Tholoa-metsi. Picked up in water.

D. ramentacea, Burch. var. curvipes, Sond.

Mountain slopes and plateau growing in rock crevices. 1-3 in. high,
flowers magenta. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 742b !

DISTRIBUTION : Swaziland. Transvaal (Belfast).

SESUTO : Tholoa-metsi. Picked up in water.

HALORAGEAE.

GUNNEKA, Linn.
G. perpensa, Linn.

Water courses and damp spots on mountain slopes. 8-30 in. high
flowers crimson and yellowish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 378 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Murraysburg. Somerset East. Komgha.
Tembuland. Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Qobo. Favourite of a chief. A decoction prepared from
the cooked roots is drunk in cases of colic, used especially by pregnant
women. In certain cases given to cows after calving. The " stalks "
.are edible when fresh.

CALLITRICHE, Linn.
C. Bolusii, Scli. & Pax.

Natal, Drakensberg ex Wood's Natal list.
DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town.

LYTHRARItiAE.

OLINIA, Thunb.
0. cymosa, Thunb.

Natal, valley in Drakeusberg, Evans, 385 ; Mt. Fletcher District,
in Pot River Berg Forest, 5500 ft., March, Galpin, 6628.

DISTRIBUTION: Cape. Swellendam. Albany. Transvaal (Magalies-
berg).

7

98 Annals of the So^lth African Museum.

0. micrantha, Decne.

In Pot River Berg Forest, 5500 ft., March, Galpin, 6629 ; Natal,.
Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft., May, Wood, 4957 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

ONAGRACEAE.

EPILOB1UM, Linn.
E. hirsutum, Linn.

Dongas and water courses. 18-54 in. high, flowers carmine.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 764!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Stockenstroom. Komgha.
Natal.

SESUTO : Nnlia. A snake (so called on account of the twisted fruit).
Letsoai la Balisana. Salt of the " Balisana " (shepherds). The
shepherds lick the leaves and flowers and say they have a pleasant
taste; they do not, however, chew or swallow them. Mosika-nukana.
He who goes along the small river. The natives believe this plant to
be a cure for warts. A thread is dipped into the sap and by means of
a needle passed through the wart ; if more than one, the thread is put
through the largest. The warts will then disappear.

E. flavescens, E. Mey.

Shady spots on mountain slopes. 8-25 in. high, flowers white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 763 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East G-riqualand. Tembuland. Natal.

SESUTO : Noha. A snake.

E. tetragonum, Linn.

Mountain slopes, Malavaneng, Leribe District. 10-18 in. high,
flowers dark brownish-purple. January-March. A. Dieterlen, 936 !,
damp spots on mountain slopes and in dongas, 6-28 in. high, flowers
white, carmine or pink, A. Dieterlen, 114 ! 878 ! ; ravines on west slopes
of Leribe plateau, flowers white, rare, Phillips, 584 !, on banks of a
stream, flowers white, Phillips, 703 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Worcester. Uitenhage. Natal.

SESUTO : Noha. A sriake. Noha ea loti. The snake of the high,
mountain.

LUDWIGIA, Linn.
L. palustris, Ellis.

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 1002 !
DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. King William's Town. Komgha.
Natal. Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Se nama thabeng. It spreads on the mountain.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 99

OENOTHERA, Linn.
Oe. biennis, Liuu.

Damp spots uear river banks. H-5 ft. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 633 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Stellenbosch.

SESUTO : Huupeli oa noTta. He who praises the river. See notes
under Oe. villosa, Thunb.

Oe. tetraplera, Cav.

Veld. 5-18 in. high, flowers pure white. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
327!

DISTRIBUTION : Introduced.

SESUTO : Mnupeli o mosoeu. The white one who pi-aises. Thdbela-
bosin. He enjoys the night (the flowers open at sunset).

Oe. villosa, Thuiib.

Fields and mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 169 !

DISTRIBUTION : Introduced.

SESUTO : Muopeli. He who praises. The Basutos use the leaves
in the following manner to cure a sick feverish child. A " cake " of
fresh cattle dung is burnt until it is red hot and then placed in the
sick child's hut ; on the glowing embers leaves are thrown, and they
believe that the smoke will drive the sickness and fever away.

PASSIFLOREAE.

GrUTHRIEA, Bolus.
G. capensis, Bolus.

Summit and slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 8-9000 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2103 ! ; Ben McDhui, 9500 ft., March, Galpin, 6630.
DISTRIBUTION : G-raaff Eeinet.

CUCURBITACEAE.

CUCUMIS, Linn.
C. myriocarpus, Naudin.

Mountain slopes near shrubs or rocks. A climber, 3-8 ft. long,
flowers yellow. Summer- Autunm. A. Dieterlen, 501a ! 869 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage.

SESUTO: Monyaku. Meaning unknown. A lotion is prepared from
the boiled plants as a "medicine" to prevent " Mashoa," which are
sores that appear on the body of a man who has married a widow

100 Annals of the South African Museum.

who has not undergone certain rites of purification. It is necessary
for both to bathe themselves with the lotion, and for the woman also
to anoint herself with fat mixed with the pulverised plants. Men
suffering from " Mashoa" are not allowed to go among the cattle.

C. dissectifolius, Naudin.

Mountain slopes, twining on rocks, trees, or creeping on the ground.
10-30 in. long, flowers yellow. A. Dieterlen, 511 ! ; south slopes of
Leribe plateau, above Khaniane, flowers yellow, Phillips, 881 ! 920 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Monyaku. Meaning unknown. Lerakana. The small
climber or creeper. A preparation is made from the roots and used
for chest complaints in dogs and tumours in human beings, but must
be used with great care, as it is said to be poisonous. A decoction
made from the boiled fruits is given as an enema in cases of diarrhoea.

C. sp. (near C. hirsutus, Sond.)

Mountain slopes. A creeping plant, flowers yellow. April.
Morija, A. Dieterlen, 999 !

SESUTO : Monyaku. Meaning unknown. See under C. myriocarpus,
Naudiu.

The material is incomplete. The plant is not so hairy and the leaf
is more acuminate than in a specimen of Wood's labelled C. hirsutus.
The anthers ai - e not appendiculate.

CITEULLUS, Schrad.
C. vulgaris, Schrad.

Mountain slopes and veld. A creeper, 2-4 ft. long, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 468 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. Somerset East.
Natal.

SESUTO : Tjoto. Th/lumo. Makakavane. Meanings unknown.
Ghomo. An explosion. Used as a charm to prevent worms spoiling
a crop. The fruit is emptied and filled with plants of Dicoma anomala,
DC., and bulbs of Oxalis spp., and then buried in the fields. It is
supposed to drive the worms away. When young, the plant is cooked
as a vegetable.

MELOTHRIA, Linn.
M. punctata, Cogn.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8163! ;
in Pot Berg Forest, 5500 ft., March, Galpin, 6631.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. George. Natal.
Bechuanalaud. Transvaal (Barbertoii).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 101

M. sp.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 949 !

PISOSPERMA, Sond.
P. capense, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-15 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring.
Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 194a! ; Caledon Eiver, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha.

SESUTO : Sesepa se linoha. The soap of the snakes. The crushed
roots mixed with water and sprinkled round the huts in summer is
supposed to keep snakes away. Together with Geum capense, Thunb.,
a " medicine" is prepared to prevent " insects " being introduced into
the stomach by witchcraft. Said to be a cure for colic.

COCCINIA, W. & Am,
C. hirtella, Cogn.

Mountain slopes, twining on trees and rocks. 5-8 ft. long, flowers
pale yellow, fruits bright red. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 145 ! ; Lefi's
Kloof, N.E. slopes of Lebribe plateau, a creeper, flowers yellow,
Phillips, 822 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Leraka la Balimo. The climber of the ancestor. If a
Masuto has unpleasant dreams about his ancestors (" Balimo ") he is
bathed in a hole dug on the threshold of the " lelopa " (the circular
yard enclosing a hut) with water in which sun-dried roots and iron-
stone are mixed. This ceremony will relieve him of further dreams.

FICOIDtiAE.
MESEMBRIANTHEMUM, Linn.

M. musculinum, Haw.

Mountain slopes. 2-5 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. Thab
Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 142e !

DISTRIBUTION : Middleburg, C.P.

M. lineolatum, Haw.

Mountain slopes. 1-2 ft. high, flowers magenta. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieter en, 142d !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Riversdale.

M. crassulinum, DC.

Ravines and mountain slopes. 4-12 in. high, flowers white.
Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 142c !

DISTRIBUTION: Humausdorp.

102 Annals of the South African Museum.

M. incomptum, Haw.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-5 in. high, flowers magenta. A.
Dieterlen, 142a ! ; rocks near stream in ravine on west slopes of Leribe
plateau, flowers magenta, Phillips, 728 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage.

M. hirtum, N. E. Br.

Stony places in the Caledon Pass, leading from Witzie's Hoek into
Basutolaud, c. 7200 ft., December, flowers purple, Tkode, 15 ! ; Bester's
Ylei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6100 ft., December, Bolus, 8165 ! ; 0. F. S.
Ladybrand, c. 4000 ft., Bertha Rogers in Herb. Bolus, 13429 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

M. Mahoni, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8166 !
DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Barbertou).

M nubigenum, Schltr.

In fissures of rocks, summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, c. 8500 ft.,
January, flowers yellow, Thode, 17 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

M. sp. (nearM. Mahoni, N. E. Br.).

Mountain slopes. 5-25 in. high, flowers magenta. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 142b ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers magenta, Phillips, 982 !

SESUTO : Sebabetsane. The small bitter one. Mabone. Lights.
Monontsoa. The fattened one. Leghoaba. Meaning unknown. As a
cure for sore and swollen feet the plant is burnt and ground and then
placed in incisions made in the feet. This operation is performed at
the side of a stream in which the patient places his feet, letting the
blood run in the water, and he must remain there until he is relieved.
Burnt and ground to a powder it is mixed with tobacco. The above
Sesuto names and the uses are common to all the species of Mesem-
brianthemum.

This is probably only a robust or luxuriant form of the above
species (vide L. Bolus).

M. sp.

Caledon heights, opposite Berea Mtn. A creeping plant, 1-3 in.
high, flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 142f !

The material is too poor for determination.

PHAENACEUM, Linn.
P. detonsum, Feuzl.

Mountain and hill slopes. 3-12 in. high, flowers white. Summer.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 103

A. Dieterlen, 617 ! ; on south slopes of Leribe plateau, above Khaniane,
flowers white and green, Phillips, 876 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage.

SESUTO : Mabelebele a joang. The profuse Kaffir-corn of the grass.
See note under Psammotropha androsacea, Fenzl.

P. lineare, Linn, f.

Bester's Vlei, near "Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., Flanagan, 1929 !
DISTRIBUTION : Cape.

P. dichotomum, Linn. f.

In gardens of Residency at Peka, Leribe district. Flowers white,
March. A. Dieterlen, 978 ! ; base of Doodman's Krans Mtn. and Ben
McDhui, 8500-9700 ft., March, Galpln, 6632, 6633.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Caledon. Swellendani. Uitenhage.
Albany.

SESUTO : Monyakunyana. The small " Monyaku." See notes under
Psammotropha androsacea, Fenzl.

P. sp.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5300 ft., December, Bolus,
8164 !

PSAMMOTKOPHA, E. & Z.

P. androsacea, Fenzl. (Pl.'.V, fig. 2).

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-12 in. high, flowers pale yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 295 ! ; growing on a rock, slopes south of the
Mission Station, rare, Phillips, 687 ! damp bank near stream on
Leribe plateau, flowers green, Phillips, 795 ! ; Mout-aux-Sources,
8000 ft,, April, Dyke in Herb. Mar loth, 5404 ! in Herb. Musei Austro-
Afric., 5493 ! ; Doodman's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 8600-
9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6634, 6635.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East.

SESUTO : Mothnyoane. Meaning unknown. Senama, He spreads.
A " medicine " for constipation is prepared from the boiled and crushed
roots. Incisions are made round the waist, legs, arms, and forehead
of the patient, and the mixture rubbed in.

var. enervis, Fenzl.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1872 !

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Natal.

P. myriantha, Sond.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January. Flanagan,

104 Annals of the South African Museum.

2131 ! ; Tsitsa Footpath, Drakeusberg, 7900 ft., March, Galpin, 6636 ! ;
Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., November, Wood, 6728 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Magalies-
berg).

P. sp.

Mont-aux-Sources, c. 9300 ft,, October, G. Mann in Herb. Marloth,
2865!

LIMEUM, Linn.
L. glomeratum, E. & Z.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-10 iu. high, flowers yellowish.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 108 ! ; south slopes of Leribe plateau, above
Khaniane, flowers yellow, Phillips, 880! 886!; Caledou Eiver,
December, Burlce, 308 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Natal.

SESUTO : Lereletsane le lenyenyane. The small gliding thing.
Thetsvana-Khutsoana. A small deception.

UMBELLIFERAE.

HYDEOCOTYLE, Linn.
H. asiatica, Linn.

Damp places in dongas and on mountain slopes. A prostrate plant,
3-5 in. high, flowers mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 619 !

DISTRIBUTION: Cape. Caledon. Uitenhage. Cathcart. Albany.
Natal.

SESUTO : Bolila ba linTtu. The sorrel (or sourness) of the sheep.
Sheep are said to be fond of it.

ALEPIDEA, LarocJie.

A. amatymbica, E. & Z.

Damp places on mountain slopes. 2-5 ft. high, "flowers" white.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 32 ! ; common in ravines, bracts
white within, green outside, Phillips, 673 ! 723 ! 750 ! 761 ! ; Natal,
Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., February, Wood, 5735 ; between Tent Kop
and Antelope Park, 5600 ft., March, Galpin, 6641.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Beaufort West, Stockenstroom. Tem-
buland. East Griqualand. Natal. Zululand. Orange Free State,
(Dorii Kop). Transvaal (near Barberton, Johanuesbui'g) .

SESUTO : Lesukij. Meaning unknown. See under A. setifera,
N.E. Br.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 105'

A. Jacobsziae, Diimmer.

Bester's Vlei,near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., January-February, Mis&
Jacobsz in Herb. Bolus, 6344 ! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 73 ; Natal, near
Hoffenthal, 4000 ft., Wood, 3502.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. setifera, N. E. Br.

Stony places on mountain slopes. 1-2 ft. high, " flowers " whitish.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 440 ! ; southern slopes of plateau, Phillips, 666 ! ;.
near Brakwaal and Van Reenen, 5000 ft., Wood, 5630.

DISTRIBUTION : Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton, Hoggeveldt).

SESUTO : Lesdkvana. The small " Lesoko." The roots are chewed raw
or a decoction is made from the roots and drunk by persons suffering
with chest complaints.

A. longifolia, E. Mey., var. angusta, Diimmer.
Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 5735.
DISTRIBUTION: Orange Free State (without locality).

A. ciliaris, Laroche.

Mountain slopes. 15-25 in. high, " flowers " white. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 411 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2106 !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Graaff Rienet. Albert. Natal. Transvaal
(Caledon River).

SESUTO : Lesokvane. The small " Lesoko." See under A. setifera*
N.E. Br.

A. Galpinii, Diimmer.

Ben McDhui on damp slopes, 9200 ft., March, Galpin, 6638.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. Galpinii, Diimmer forma.

Ben McDhui, 9700 ft., March, Galpin, 6639.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. natalensis, Wood & Evans.
Harrismith, 7000 ft,, Sankey, 62.
DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland, Natal.

A. Thodei, Diimmer.

Ben McDhui, and Doodmau's Krans Mtn., 8800-9900 ft., Galpin,
6540 ; Mont-aux-Sources, Drakensberg, Thode in Natal Govt. Herb,
10770.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

106 Annals of the South African Museum.

CONIUM, Linn.
C. chaerophylloides, Tlumb.

Veld, fields, and roadsides. 10-45 in. high, flowers cream. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 235 !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Uitenhage. Herbert. Koniglia.

SESUTO : LefdkuH. The feeble one. So called on account of the
stem being easily broken.

A lotion is prepared from the plant with which to wash feverish
patients.

C. sp.

Ben McDhui, 9300-9600 ft., March, Galpin, 6645.

The above determination was given by Kew to Mr. G-alpin.

BUPLEURUM, Linn.
B. Mundii, Ch. & Sch.

Mountain slopes, flowers yellow. December-February. Matalane,
Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 832 ! ; southern slopes of plateau, Phillips,
665 ! ; slopes of the Mout-aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft., January, Flanagan,
2107 ! ; Ben McDhui and Doodman's Krans, S800-9500 ft., March,
Galpin, 6642.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Fort Beaufort.

SESUTO : Lekhase or Lekhasi. A fringe or small leaf. So called on
account of the thin leaves.

HETEROMORPHA, Chum.
H. arborescens, Ch. & Sch.

Ravines, mountain slopes, and dongas. A tree, flowers yellowish.
A. Dierterlen, 4! Mate, Leribe District, A. Dicterh-n, 661!; ravines
round Leribe plateau, not common, Phillips !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Uitenhage. Albany. Port Elizabeth.
Beaufort West. Komgha. Tembuland. Natal. Zululand. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Monkhvane. Meaning unknown. 'Malta-tlala. He who
increases the famine. A preparation is made fiom the leaves and
given to children troubled with intestinal worms which cause fainting.
This tree is planted in every " lekhotla " in Basutoland, which is an
open space near the principal hut of the village chief, where the men
congregate to do whatever work they have 011 hand ; it is also the
court of justice, and the place where strangers and travellers go to
ask for hospitality. An old native doctor informed Madame Dieterlen
that the tree acted as a charm in retaining the people near their chief,
that they may be faithful to him and make the village prosperous.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 107

The Sesuto name for Dieterlen 661 is MoJchvane o monyenyane. The
small " Monkhvava," which is not planted in the " lelchotla." I have
only seen var. trifoliata from Basutoland, which also occurs in Albany
and Komgha. Var. collina has also been recorded from Konigha and
var. integrifolia from the Albany Division. Flanagan, 492 (Komgha),
Wood, 241,602 (Natal), and Pearson, 1396 (Nelspoort), have both
teruate and simple leaves, but the shape of the leaves and leaflets
approach nearer to var. ternata than to the other two varieties.
Stewart, 128 (Swaziland), has 2- and 3-lobed leaves. The leaflets in
Phillips, 595, are sometimes divided, usually the terminal leaflet is
ternate and the lateral leaflets may either be simple or biuate.

LICHTENSTEINIA, Cham.

L. interrupta, E. Mey.

Makokoane, Leribe District, November, A. Dieterlen, 937 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Port Elizabeth. Komgha. Transkei.
Natal. Zululand.

SESTJTO : Tldro ea ngoale. The hat of the " ngoale " (a girl under-
going the tribal initiation rites).

APIUM, Li a a.
A. sp.

Ben McDhui, 9300 ft., March, Galpin, 6644.

The above determination was given by Kew to Mr. Galpin.

SIUM, Linn.
S. Thunbergii, DC.

Water courses. 12-30 in. high. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 410 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Somerset East. Herbert. Komgha.
Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Lekhapi. Qaqave. Meanings unknown. Lehlatso. Vomiting.
The plant cut in small pieces and boiled in water is used to wash the
bodies of persons suffering with headache.

PIMPINELLA, Linn.
P. caffra, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers white. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 460 ! ; Left's Kloof and between the Mission Station and
Jonathan's Village ; Phillips, 570 ! 848 ! ; Basutoland Mtns., without
precise locality, Thode ! ; near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8240 ft,, March,
Galpin, 6643 ! ; summit of Mont-aux-Sources, c. 8850 ft,, January,
Thode, 18 !

108 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Stockenstroom. Komgha. NataL
Swaziland.

SESUTO : Schotijana. A small carrot. Mohopu. Meaning unknown.
Used as a charm to drive away the " ndhana " (intestinal worms) and
the " thokolose " (a mysterious spirit which is supposed to appear at
night in certain places and during- certain illnesses). As a charm
against the latter, burnt roots are used to fumigate the haunted hut,
and the inmates of the house wash themselves with a decoction made
from the plant. This latter process must be done at night at a
distance from the hut.

ANTHRISCUS, Ho/ni.
A. sylvestris, Hoffin.

Mountain slopes. 2-4 ft. high, flowers white. Spring-Summer.
Makokvane, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 927 !

DISTRIBUTION : A native of Europe and North America.

SESUTO : Lefi'ikoli le leliolo. The big feeble one. Lefdlcoli le linoka.
The feeble one of the rivers. The water in which the plant has been
boiled is used as a lotion when a person is feeling tired or unwell.
See also under Conium chaerophylloides, Thunb.

PEUCEDANUM, Linn.

P. caffrum, Phillips, comb. nov. Caulis teres, striatus, glaber.
Folia radicalia, 10-27 cm. longa, pinnata vel bipinnata ; petiolus
2-20 cm. longus, teres, sulcatus, basi dilatus amplexusque, glaber ; pin-
nulae 1-3 cm. longae, obovatae, lobatae vel piunatifidae, basi cuneatae,
glabrae ; apices loborum mucronati. Pedunculus ramis diffundus,.
striatus, glaber. Bracteae iuvolucrae basi connatae, aliquando 0,
saepius 5-7, ovatae, acuminatae, apice acutae, glabrae. Umbellae
circiter 15-floriferae. Pedicellus "2-1 cm. longus, glaber. Calyx
obsoletxis. Petala, 1'75 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, ovata, acuminata,
apice acuta, incurva, uninervigera, glabra. Stamina incurva ; filamenta
1-1 '5 mm. longa, glabra ; antherae '75 mm. longae, globosae. Ovarium
1 mm. longum, l - 25 mm. latuni, ovatum, glabrum ; stylus obsoletus.
Fructus l - 4 cm. longus, 6'5 mm. latus, ellipticus, 5-costatus, alatus.
Semen planum, "5 mm. crassum.

Stem terete, striate, glabrous. Leaves basal, 10-27 cm. long,
pinnate or bipiunate ; petiole 2-20 cm. long, terete, sulcate,
sheathing at tlie base, glabrous ; pinnules 1-3 cm. long, obovate
in outline, lobed or piunatifid, the apices of the lobes mucronate,.
wedge-shaped at the base, glabrous. Peduncle branched, terete,
striate, glabrous. Involucre sometimes wanting, usually of 5-7 ovate

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and E.nvirons. 109

acuminate acute glabrous bracts, connate at the base to form a
shallow saucer-si i aped structure. Umbel up to about 15-flowered.
Pedicels 2 mm. long, elongating in the fruit up to 1 cm. long, glabrous.
Calyx obsolete. Petals 1'75 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate,
acute, incurved, one-nerved, glabrous. Stamens incurved ; filaments
1-1 '5 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; anthers '75 mm. long, globose.
Ovary 1 mm. long, 1'25 mm. broad, ovate in outline, glabrous; styles
obsolete in the flowering stage. Fruit 1*4 cm. long, 6'5 mm. broad,
elliptic, crowned with the persistent styles, 5-ribbed (3 dorsal and
2 lateral), winged, glabrous: vittae in the furrows. Seed flat, '5 mm.
thick. Sesi'/i cuffrum, Meism. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii, 533 ;
' Flora Capensis,' ii, 549 ; Anesorhiza caff rum, Bth. & Hook. Gen.
Plant, i, 913.

East Gnqualand, stony places round Kokstad, 4300 ft., December,
Tyson, 1672 ; Tyson in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric., 1279 ; Natal,
Inaucla, November, Wood, 1120 ; Amauzinitote, 10-50 ft. alt., August,
Wood, 11654 ; Komgha, grassy hills near Konigha, 2000 ft., November,
Flanagan, 1090; Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 875.

MacOwan recognised that this plant had been placed in the wrong
genus, and he distributed specimens as Pencedanuni Meisnerianum
(Herb. Norm. Avstro-Afric., 1279). Wood (List of Flora of Natal
p. 162) quotes this plant under Anesorhiza ca.ffra, Bth. & Hook.

P. reenensis, Eechiug.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft,, Penther, 2776.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ARALIACEAE.

CUSSONIA, Thunb.
. paniculata, E. & Z.

Ravines and mountain slopes. A tree, flowers yellowish. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 122 ! ; a large tree growing under the cliffs on the mountain
slopes between the Mission Station and Jonathan's Village, Phillips,
623!

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Beaufort West.

SESUTO : Mot set se. The bony core of a horn. The natives have a
strong belief that some of their complaints are due to the presence of
beetles and other " insects " in their internal organs, which have been
introduced by witchcraft. A preparation is made from the plant and
taken as an enema to get rid of such "beetles" from the intestines.
Mixed with Rhus Zeyheri, R. divaricata, and Scabiosa columbaria, Linn.,
it is used in cases of colic.

110 Annals of the South African Museum.

RUBIACEAU.

CEPHALANTHUS, Linn.
C. natalensis, Oliv.

Natal. Stony hill at Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft,, Wood, 6621.
DISTRIBUTION: Natal (Grlencoe).

OLDENLANDIA, Linn.
0. amatymbica, Kuntze.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 20-30 in. high, flowers whitish.
Spring Summer. A. Dieterlen, 33 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstown. East Griqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Mohlatsisa. He who causes vomiting. Mordkolopoli. The
faeces of a goat (so called on account of round black swellings on the
roots). Matsodne. Meaning unknown. Lehlokoaiia. The small
piece of grass. 'Ma Ngoakoane. The mother of " Ngoakoane." A
decoction prepared from the plant is administered to wasting children
to make them fat and well.

0. Heynii, Oliv.

Under rocks and mountain slopes. 2-15 in. high, flowers white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 266 ! ; slopes above the Mission Station,
growing near rocks, flowers white, occasional, Phillips, 513 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Seobi. Meaning unknown.

PENTANISIA, Harv.
P. variabilis, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 7-20 in. high, flowers violet. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 21 ! ; Lefi's Kloof on N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers
blue, Phillips, 856 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. Korngha. Transkei. East Gri-
qualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Setima-mollo. The fire extinguisher. (So called because
it relieves the burning pain of boils.) The roots of the plant are well
boiled and the infected limb is placed in the lukewarm decoction ; after

time the boils will discharge and the swelling disappear. The
breasts of a woman, after her confinement, are rubbed with a lotion
prepared from the plant, and in feverish illness the body of the patient
is bathed with the lotion. As a charm against witchcraft it is mixed
with other plants and rubbed on pegs placed round the " lelapa " ; this
prevents the sorcerer from finding the door of the hut.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. Ill

PLECTRONIA, Linn.
P. ciliata, Soud.

Mountain slopes. A shrub 4-7 ft. high. Summer. A. Dieterlen^
3 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, a small tree, the only
specimen seen, Phillips, 721 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Philipstowu. Natal.

SESUTO : Meqoane. Seeqane. Kheoha. Moqapane. Meanings
unknown. The leaves and bark are used, as an enema for people
suffering with pains in the abdomen caused by " small dung beetles "
in the intestines which have entered the body through the witchcraft
of an enemy. Either alone or with Celastrus buxifolius it is used as a
charm to prevent anyone disturbing a body in a grave.

P. sp. (Canthium Gueinzii, Sond.).

Natal, from coast to 6000 ft. alt., Wood.
DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Eustenburg).

FADOGIA, Schweinf.

F. humilis, Wood & Evans.

Natal, in open ground at Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., December-March,
Wood, 4528.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

GALOPINA, Thunb.

G. circaeoides, Thunb.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek, 5-6000 ft., January, Wood, 3560.
DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Albany. Uitenhage. Komgha. Transkeu
East G-riqualand.

ANTHOSPERMUM, Linn.

A. aethiopicum, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 1-3 ft. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 681 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Caledon. Worcester. Stelleubosch.

SESUTO : Potsana. The small firewood. Used as fuel.

A. hedyotideum, Sond.

Mountain slopes, Malavaueng, Leribe District, flowers yellow.
January, A. Dieterlen, 908 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland.

SESUTO : Lefero. He who makes a roof. People who have assisted
in nursing a sick person or have taken any active part in the funeral,

112 Annals of the South African Museum.

must have a drug, iii which this plant enters, placed in incisions made
on their bodies. Should they neglect this, their crops will either fail
them or be poor.

A. pumilum, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-15 in. high, flowers whitish. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 172 ! partly ; Caledou River, Burke !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : PhaJcisane. Small haste. Masopolohane. He who is
broken (by twisting). Used as a charm to hasten the convalescence
of a sick person. The plant enters into many medicines and is
supposed to hasten healing. A traveller who comes across the plant
on his journey takes it as a good omen, and if he stops and repeats
a few words he will find good food and welcome at the end of his
journey. A native wishing to sell cattle, washes them with an infusion
made from the plant and by so doing will sell well and quickly.

var. pilosum, Phillips, var. nov.

A typo fructubus pilis hamatis tectis differt.

This differs from the type by the fruits being pilose with hooked
hairs.

Mountain slopes. 6-18 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 629; mountain slopes and veld, flowers cream, A.
Dieterlen, 172 partly ; Qoqolosi Peak, common, Phillips, 619, 947.

A. rigidum, E. & Z.

Ravines and mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 922! 970! Natal, stony hill at Van Reeuen, 4-5000 ft,,
December, Wood, 4531.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualaud. Swelleudam. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Potsana. The small firewood. Phakisaue. Small haste.
See also note under A. hedyotideum.

A. humile, N. E. Br.

Natal, Uluiidi, 6-7000 ft., on damp rocks, January, Evans, 370.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

RUBIA, Linn.
R. cordifolia. Linn.

Mountain slopes, twining on rocks and shrubs. 10-30 in. high,
flowers yellowish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 331b !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Trauskei. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Seharane. He who entwines. Mo-hlatsoa-meno. He who
washes the teeth. A decoction made from the roots is drunk for colic

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 113

sore throat and chest complaints ; it is also used to wash the teeth. If
a witch-doctor loses a patient by death, he washes his " divining
bones " in the decoction to purify them. A man wishing to become a
witch-doctor drinks the decoction ; this will give him intelligence and
judgment, and the various ways of using the " divining bones " will
become clear to him.

GALIUM, Linn.

G. wittbergensis, Sond. (ex descr.).

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen,
50 ! ex parte ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December,
Flanagan, 1935 ! Bolus, 8170! ; rocky wet places on the Wittebergen,
6-7000 ft., Dri-ge.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

var. glabrum, Phillips, var. uov.

A typo ramis glabris differt.

This only differs from the specimen cited under the type in having
perfectly glabrous branches.

Mountain slopes. 4-18 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 40 ! ex part e; flowers yellow, Phillips, 713!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Morarana oa mangope.

Seharane.

G. dregeanum, Sond. forma.

Mountain slopes, twining on rocks or shrubs. 6-25 in. high, flowers
yellowish. Summer. A. Dieterlen. 331a !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Seharane. Derived from the verb " ho harana " to coil
one with another. See note under Rubia cordifolia.

G. rotundifolium, Linn.

Mountain slopes, under rocks, 3-15 in. high, flowei's white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 146 ! ; mountain slopes south of the Mission Station,
flowers white, Phillips, 688 ! shady places in ravine on west slopes of
Leribe plateau, Phillips, 749 ! Lefi's Kloof on JST.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, under rocks, Phillips, 972 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5500 ft., December, Flanagan, 1886 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. Somerset East. Natal. Bechuana-
land.

SESUTO : Moriri-oa-lehala. The hair of the cave. Lefero. He who
gets entwined. See note /under Rubia cordifolia.

8

114 Annals of the Smith African Museum.

var. hirsutum, Sond.

Natal. Oliver's Hoek, 5000 ft,, Wood, 3558.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

VALERIANEAE.

VALERIAN A, Linn.
V. capensis, Thunb.

Mountain slopes on tbe banks of streams. 10-30 in. high, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 278 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Motetele. Meaning unknown. The leaves are burnt in the
hut of a sick person to drive away the illness.

DIPSACEAE.

CEPHALARIA, ScJirad.

C. ustulata, R. & Sch., var. pilosa.

Veld, mountain slopes, and river banks. 15-35 in. high, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 161!; Caledon River, Zeyher, 307!
789 ! ; Harrismith, 5000 ft,, February, Wood, 4839 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Tsoene. A monkey. The crushed roots are placed on
embers and used to fumigate a hut visited by a " thokolose " (a
fabulous being believed in by the natives) to drive it away. It is
also used to rid the body of " insects " which have entered through
the witchcraft of an enemy.

SCABIOSA, Linn.
S. columbaria, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 9-32 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 12 ! ; common round the Leribe plateau, flowers
white, Phillips, 583 ! 763 ! 769 ! 946 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Cape. Tulbagh. Albany. Pondoland..
East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Selomi. Colic pains. Tlhaku ea pitsi. The leg of the
horse. Mixed with Bhus divaricata and Cussonia panicalata it is
employed for colic pains and painful menstruation. Also used in\
cases of difficult confinement.

var. dissecta, Sond.

Wolve Kop. Caledon River, Zeyher !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. Komgha.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 115

. africana. Linn.

Natal. Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft,, March, Wood, 5613. Eare.
DISTRIBUTION : Cape.

COMPOSITAE.

VEENONIA, .Schreb.
V. Kraussii, Sell. Bip.

Yeld and mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers violet.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 1 ! ; slopes between the Mission
Station and Jonathan's Village, common, Phillips, 568 ! Lefi's Kloof on
N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers blue, Phillips, 819 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualaud. Transkei. Pondoland. Zulu-
land. Beclmaualaud. Orange Free State (Eietfontein, Bloemfontein).
Transvaal (Barberton, Ermelo).

SESUTO : Mofefa-bana. The wiper of the children. Used to wipe
dirt from children. The smoke from this plant is supposed to divert
an approaching hailstorm.

V. natalensis, Sch. Bip.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 944 ! ; summit of the
Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft, January, Flanagan, 1950 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Belfast,
Barberton, Lydenburg).

V. pi ni folia, Less.

Mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers purple-lilac. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 368 ! 876 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau,
common, Phillips, 613 !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Somerset East. Graaff Eeinet. Natal.

SESUTO : Mofefa bana oa tliaba. The " mountain " children's wiper.
See note under V. Kraussii, Sch. Bip.

V. hirsuta, Sch. Bip.

Dongas and mountain slopes. 20-40 in. high, flowers violet.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 373 ! ; Bester's Ylei, near Witzie's Hoek,
6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8174 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal. Zululand.
Transvaal (Barberton).

SESUTO : Phefo e Jcholo. The big wind. Hlelehlele. Meaning
unknown. Seclu-r. Meaning unknown. Mixed with other plants, is
an antidote for colic pains. The boiled roots are used together with
other plants for many diseases.

j Lie

116 Annals of the South African Museum.

var. Flanaganii, Phillips, var. nov. Folia basi angustata uon cordata.
Bracteae iuvolucrae lougo-acuminatae, pappo aequales.

This differs from the type in the leaves not being cordate at the
base. The involucral bracts are longer and more acuminate, and equal
or exceed the pappus.

Eland's River Valley, near the Mont-aux- Sources, 6200 ft., Decem-
ber, Flanagan, 1947 ; Mont-aux- Sources, 6000 ft., October, A. Bolus in
Herb. Guthrie, 4820.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

V. stipulacea, Klatt.

Natal, Drakensberg, Bolus, 3004.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

GARULEUM, Cass.
G. Woodii, Schinz.

Basutoland, rocky ridges near the Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 7450 ft.,
March, rays blue, Gal pin, 6660 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal (Charlestowu, 5-6000 ft.)

ASTER, Linn.
A. petiolatus, Harv.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 4-36 in. long,
flowers pink-mauve. Winter-Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 343 ! ;
ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, rays light pink, Phillips, 768 ! ;
Basutoland, without locality, Cooper.

DISTRIBUTION : Albert.

SESUTO : Khotdliea ea thaba. The " Khotoliea " of the mountain.
(The name "Khotdliea" is given to many of the Compositae, the meaning
is unknown.) After a native burial, the members of the deceased's
family, and those who took an active part in the burial, have incisions
made on their bodies by the native doctors and a preparation made
from this plant is rubbed in, the belief being that by so doing they
will have a normal crop of corn and mealies. If this ordeal is
neglected their crops will not produce grain.

I have not seen an authenticated specimen of this species, but our
plant agrees with the description and figure in Harv. Thes. t. 154.

A. natalensis, Harv.

Summit of the Mout-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1950 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Transvaal (Devil's Kantoor).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 117

A. filifolius, Vent.

Mountain slopes. H-4 ft. high, flowers mauve. Early Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 27 !; grassy stony hillsides at Zaaihoek, Harrismith, c.
5700 ft., May, Thode I

DISTRIBUTION : Poudolaud. Aliwal North. Oudtshoorn. Natal.
G-raatf Reinet. Prince Albert. Clanwilliam. Transvaal (Pretoria,
Lydeuburg).

SESUTO : Leholo. Meaning unknown. Used as firewood.

A. hispidus, Bkr. uon Thunb.

Mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers violet. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 133 ! Mechachaneng, Qalo District, January, A. Dieterlen,
907 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6100 ft., December, Bolus,
8176 !; Mout-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., October, A. Bolus in Herb. Bolus,
6011!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. King William's Town. Transkei. Aliwal
North. Albanv. East G-riqualand.

SESUTO : Phda. Deri ved f rom " Sephoa" smoothness. The boiled
roots, mixed with Helichrysiim callicomum, Harv., and H. rugulosum,
Less., are given as an enenia for colic. The plant used with H.
callicomum, Harv. alone, makes a " Lenaka " (a protective charm).

A. perfoliatus, Oliv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8175 ! ;
Cathkiu Peak, 8000 ft., November, A. Bolus in Herb. Bolus ! ; rocky
hill, Drakeusberg, 5000 ft., January, Wood, 3605.

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand.

A. quinquenervis, Klatt.

Natal, edge of wood, Polela, 5-6000 ft., April, Fourcade.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. uliginosus, Wood & Evans.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 11,000 ft., March, Evans, 758 ! ; in
damp places, sources of the Tugela River, E van s, 758.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. Woodii, Klatt.

Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 4521.
DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland.

. sp.

Natal, in swamps, Mont-aux-Sources, 10-11,000 ft., March, Evans,
739.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic ?

118 Annals of the South African Museum.

FELICIA, Cans.
F. hirsuta, DC.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, January, Bolus, 8179 !
DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor.

F. amelloides, Schltr.

Sandy and stony places on banks of rivulets, summit Mont-aux-
Sources, c. 8700 ft., January. Shrubby, rays blue, Thode, 19 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

According to the descriptions this is probably the same as
F. drakenbergensis, W. & E.

F. muricata, Nees.

Veld, mountain slopes, and plateau. 5-15 in. high, rays white or
mauve. Spring to end of Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 263 ! ; south slopes
of Leribe plateau above Khaniane, rays bluish, Phillips, 917! west
slopes of Leribe plateau, and slopes south of the Mission Station, rays
mauve, frequent, Phillips, 636 ! 661 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Griqualand West. Tembulaud. Murray s-
burg. Graaff Reiuet. Aliwal North. Transvaal (Carolina).

SESUTO : 'Ma-mileng. Mother of the road. Mohantsoane. Koelehane-
Meanings unknown. A medicine to relieve headaches, and for giving
cows that are ill after calving, is prepared from, this plant.

F. drakensbergensis, W. & E.

Natal, sources of Tugela River, 11,000 ft., Evans, 747.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

F. linearis, N. E. Br.

Grassy slopes, valley above Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 8400 ft.,
March. Rays blue, Qalpin, 6661 ! ; Natal Amawahqua, 6-7000 ft.,
April, Wood, 4631.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

F. pinnatifida, Wood & Evans.

Summit Mont-aux-Sources, March, Evans, 739 ! ; base of Doodman's
Krans Mtu., 8500 ft., March. Rays blue, Galpin, 6662 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ERIGERON, Linn.
E. canadense. Linn.

Veld and dongas. 6-40 in. high, heads whitish. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 88 ! 339!; west slopes of Leribe plateau, heads
white, Phillips, 616 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 119

SESXJTO : MoJioteli. He who drives away a calf from its mother
when she is milked. Lehanunyana. The small " Lehamu " Setsohat-
sana sa Basia. The old woman of the " Basiea " (a tribe of the
northern Transvaal, related to the Basutos). " Old woman" because
of its greyish appearance. Lehamu. Meaning unknown. A decoction
is made from the leaves and drunk for sore throat. Used for a
preparation to cure ringworms, and to make lotions to wash sick
children. In winter it is used as a fuel. The Basutos distinguish as
separate plants Dieterlen, 88 and 339, and put them to different uses ;
they are merely forms of the one species.

NIDORELLA, Case.
N. hirta, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 513 ! ; near Eland's River at the foot
of the Moiit-aux-Sources, December, Flanagan, 1958 ! Flanagan in
Herb. Bolus, 6471 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Mokoteli o mosehlo. The yellow " Mokoteli." Used for
fumigating a hut when a child is feverish. Burnt in winter as fuel.

N. foetida, DC.

Mountain slopes. 18-30 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 892 ! ; near Buffalo River Waterfall, 8100 ft.,
March, Gdlpin, 6663, 6664.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape.

SESUTO : Mokoteli. He who drives a calf away from its mother
when she is milked. Used as fuel in winter.

The above name (Galpin, 6664) was given by Kew to Mr. Galpin,
though Dr. Bolus identified No. 6664 as N. resedaefolia, DC.

N. undulata, Sond.

Mountain slopes. 15-35 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 559 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Eastern Districts.

SESUTO : Mokoteli o moholo. The big " Mokoteli." The name
" Mokoteli " is given to all species of Nidorella and a few other plants.
Used in winter as fuel.

N. depauperata, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-25 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 722 !, Corn Exchange, Tsikoane,
A. Dieterlen, 884!, ravine at Matalane, A. Dieterlen, 882!; Bester's

120 Annals of the South African Museum.

Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5300-5500 ft., December- January, Bolus
8177! Flanagan, 1995!

DISTRIBUTION : G-riqualand West. Griqualand East. Pondoland.
Natal. Queeustown. Transvaal (Ermelo, Pretoria).

SESUTO: Molcoteli. See N. foetida, DC. Used as fuel in winter.

N. polycephala, DC. (ex descr.).

Eiver banks. 3-5 ft. high, flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 750 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualaud.

SESUTO : Phefo ea noTca. The wind of the river. Used as fuel.

This is an exact match with Tyson, 1510, from East Griqualand,
both agree with the description of N. polycephala, DC., though in a
note on a sheet in the Bolus herbarium, Mr. N. E. Brown says e/.
N. polycephala, DC.

CONYZA, Less.
C. podocephala, DC.

Veld, dongas, and mountain slopes. 14-23 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 10 ! ; various localities, round Leribe
plateau, common, Phillips, 520 ! 605 ! 670 ! 924 ! 938 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Tembulaud. Aliwal North. Orange Free
State (near Bethulie). Transvaal (Middleburg, Oliphant's Eiver).

SESUTO : ManJcu a meholo. Many big sheep. Said by the natives
to be a very valuable plant for fumigation purposes in cases of illness.
A decoction is made from the roots and given to feverish patients to
drink.

C. pinnatilobata, DC.

River banks and mountain slopes. 12-30 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 818 ! ; near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8100 ft.,
March, Galpiii, 6665.

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Cape. Graaff Eeiuet. Transkei.

SESUTO : Sekhatlana se seholo. The big leaf. Mixed with Amphi-
doxa gna,phaloides,DC., it is crushed and burnt in a sick room to drive
away the illness.

C. obscura, DC.

Mountain slopes. 12-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 628!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Albert. Swaziland. Graaff Eeinet. Trans-
vaal (Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Phefo ea meru. The wind of the forests. See note under
C. podocephala, DC.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 121

NOLLETIA, Cass.
N. ciliaris, Steetz.

Veld aud mountain slopes. 5-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 359 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Griqualand West. Orange Free State
(Bethulie).

SESUTO : Mol'ika. He who is straight. The leaves are smoked as a
cure for headache. As a charm against witchcraft, the plant is
reduced to ashes and mixed with goat's fat and burnt in the hut, the
smote is supposed to counteract the influence of witchcraft.

N. rarifolia, Steetz.

Natal, slopes of the Drakeusberg, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3957.
DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Irene).

CHKYSOCOMA, Linn.

C. tenuifolia, Berg.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 463 ! Shady places in ravine on west slopes
of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 724 ! Drakensberg, Wood, 3081.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Matjesfonteiu. Lady smith.
Prince Albert. Aliwal North. Tenibulaud. Natal. Orange Free
State (Bloemfontein). Transvaal (Heidelberg).

SESUTO : Sehala-hala. A bush.

HETEEOMMA, BentJi.

H. decurrens, Benth.

Water courses and damp spots on mountain slopes. 1-4 ft. high,
flowers yellow. A. Dieterlen, 438 ! ravine on west slopes of Leribe
plateau, flowers yellow, Phillips, 777! Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8178!, 6600 ft., December, Flanagan,
1858 ! ; summit of Drakensberg, near Van Eeenen, 6000 ft., February,
Wood, 9294.;

DISTRIBUTION : East Grriqualand.

SESUTO : Moqhoboghobo o mohola. The big " Moqhoboghobo."

var. pterocaula, Harv.

Basutoland, near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8150 ft,, March, a
branching shrublet, 4 ft, high, Gal-pin, 6666 ! Eensberg Kop, Orange
Free State, 5-6000 ft., February, Wood, 9294 !
- DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

122 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. simplicifolia, Wood & Evans.

Drakensberg, near Polela River, 6-7000 ft., February, Evans, 648;
Van Reeneu, 5500 ft,, January, Wood, 10765 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

TARCHONANTHUS, Linn.

T. camphoratus, Linn.

Mountain slopes. A tree, flowers yellowish. Spring. A. Dieterlen,
565!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albany. Natal. Grriqualand West. Transvaal
(Barbertou, Crocodile River).

SESUTO : Mofahlana. Derived from the verb " ho fahlo " to dazzle.
The crushed branches are burnt and the smoke inhaled as a cure for
headache. Used as firewood and for making walking-sticks.

DENEKLA, Thunb.
D. capensis, Thunb.

Damp spots. 3-12 in. high, flowers violet, lilac or mauve. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 530a ! also at Tsikoaue. A. Dieterlen, 530b !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. East Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal
(Pietersburg, Pretoria). Rhodesia.

SESUTO: Toane-mohlaka. The " Toane " of the marsh. ("Toane"
is a name given to many plants with woolly leaves.) Shepherds weave
hats with the plant,

AMPHIDOXA, DC.
A. gnaphaloides, DC.

Veld. 2 -12 in. high, flowers white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 703!

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Wellington. Natal. Transvaal
(Pretoria).

SESUTO: Hosuvane oa nalia. The " Mosuvane " of the country.
Toanenyane. The small " Toane." See note under Conyza pinnati-
lobata, DC.

GrNAPHALIIJM, Linn.
G. undulatum, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-38 in. high, flowers whitish-yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 5 ! ; Doodmau's Krans Mtn., c. 9000 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6688 !

DISTRIBUTION -. Calvinia. Cape. GTraaff Reinet. Tembulaud. Natal.

SESUTO : Mothepetelle. Meaning unknown. Phefo. The wind.

Flora of tlie Leribe Plateau and Environs. 123

The plant is burnt, either alone or with other species of Gnaphalium,
in the hut of a feverish child to drive away the illness.

G. luteo-album, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers whitish. Autumn. A.
Dieterlen, 315!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Graaff Reinet. Prince Albert. Transkei.
Natal. Transvaal (Zuikerbosch).

SESUTO : Mosuvane. He on whom skins are rubbed to become
supple. ManTcu. Many sheep. Bundles of the plant are laid on the
ground to form mats on which skins are worked. See note under
G. timliilufinii, Linn.

G. sp.

Veld and gardens. 2-12 in. high, bracts yellowish. Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 727!

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Tembuland.

SESUTO -. Mosuane oa mosimo. The " mosuaue " of the lands. The
plant is incinerated, crushed, and mixed with fat, this mixture is
smeared on a bamboo which is planted in the village and acts as a
charm against lightning. Together with G. undulat'um and G. luteo-
albinn it is used to fumigate the room of a sick child.

Dieterlen, 727 = Baur 760. On a sheet in the Bolus Herbarium is
the following note by Mr. N. E. Brown : "This scrap (all that can be
spared) = Macoivan 643, Boschberg, distributed as Helichrysum decli-
natitin, Less. var. and also = Gnaplialium candidissimum, Lam. a of
Divge's distribution. If it is not G. micrantlmm, Thunb., it is probably
new." I have compai-ed this specimen with a sheet in our herbarium
labelled m Harvey's handwriting G. micranthum, Thunb., but the
specimens differ considerably. Not. having seen the type, I hesitate to
describe the plant as new. The involucral scales are described by
Harvey as " snow-white," in Dieterlen, 727, they are " yellowish."

HELICHRYSUM, Gaertn.

. capillaceum. Less.

Leribe, ravine and mountain slopes under rocks. 4-10 in. high,
bracts white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 754 ! ; damp rocks in ravine
between the Mission Station and Jonathan's village, Phillies, 854 ! ;
Natal, Polela, Drakensberg, 6-7000 ft., July, Evans, 579 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Worcester. Albany. Uitenhage. Queens-
town. Murraysburg. Graaff Reiuet. Molteno. Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Mosuvane oa lehalw. The " Mosuvaue " of the cave. Used
to cure chest complaints in children.

124 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. ericaefolium, Less.

Barkly East at Rhodes, 6150 ft., March, Galpin, 2326 !
DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Natal.

var. albidulum.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 2-8 in. long, bracts
pink. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 522 !

DISTRIBUTION: Albany. Orange Free State (Boshof).

SESUTO : Tilane ea matlapa. The " toane " of the flat stones.

H. caespititum, Soud.

Veld, mountain slopes, and plateau. A prostrate plant, 3-8 in.
long. Early spring. A. Dieterlen, 139 ! ; Basutolaiid, without precise
locality, Cooper, 751 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Natal. Griqualaud West. Trans-
vaal (Rustenburg, Pretoria, Ermelo).

SESUTO : Selelu sa phooko. The chin of the he-goat. Moriri oa
naha. The hair of the country. Moriri oa setsohali. The hair of the
old woman. The plant is crushed and burnt, and the smoke inhaled
as a cure for colds in the head or chest. A decoction of the root&
cures nausea ; it does not bring on vomiting.

H. Sutherland!, Harv.

Mountain slopes, usually overhanging rocks. 5-30 in. high, bracts
white. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 447 ! ; on western and southern
slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 730 ! 873 ! ; Basutoland, without
precise locality, Cooper, 709 ; Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., April, Dyke
in Herb. Marloth, 5429 ! in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric., 5509 ! ; Witte-
berg, at Caledou River, Rehmann, 3951 ! ; Natal, summit of Mahwaqua,
6800 ft., April, Wood, 972 ! ; Cathkin Peak, 8350 ft., West in Herb.
Musei Austro-Afric., 4585 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand (Ingeli Mountain, 7000 ft.).

SESUTO : Molepi'lli'. He who hangs down. Setikotvana. Meaning
unknown. The plant is incinerated and crushed, and the powder put
in incisions made on the body of a sick person.

var. semiglabra, N. E. Br.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5000 ft., March, flowers white. Wood, 5702 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. Ernestianum, DC.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6000 ft., December, Bolusl,
Flanagan, 1895 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Graaff Reinet.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 125

H. sessile, DC.

Mont-aux-Sources, c. 9300 ft., October, Mann in Herb. Marloth,
2875 ! ; Cathkiu Peak, 7100 ft., September, West in Herb. Musei
Austro-Afric., 4586 ! ; Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft,, March, Galpin,
6668 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand.

H. chionosphaerum, DC. (PI. VI, fig. 4).

Dry spots on plateau. A creeping plant, bracts white and yellow.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 128 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 6500 ft,, December, Bolus, 8182 ! ; summit of the Mont-aux-
Sources, 8-10,000 ft,, October, A. Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 6864 ! ; Natal,
Niginya, 5500 ft,, October, flowers white, Wood, 10539 ! ; Caledon
River, Wolve Kop, Zeyher, 22 ! 873 ! ; Wittebergeu, Drege !

DISTRIBUTION : Molteno. Albert. East G-riqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Moli'pelU-. Senkotoana. See meanings under H. Snther-
landi, Harv.

H. marginatura, DC.

High mountain slopes at Machaehe, Thaba Bosin District, A.
Dieterlen, 851!; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., March,
Galpin, 6675 ! ; Wittebergen, 7-8000 ft., Drege !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. East Griqualaud. Natal.

SESUTO : Tnane Balingvana e tsoeu. The white " Toane " of the
small ancestors.,

H. adenocarpum, DC.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 4-15 in. high, bracts pink and white.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 272 ! ; Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft,,
Wood, 4530 ; March, Schleckter, 6927 I ; Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg,
6900 ft,, March, Galpin, 6674 !

DISTRIBUTION : Victoria East. Stutterheim. Komgha, Tembuland.
East Grriqualaud. Swaziland. Transvaal (Volksrust, Barberton,
Lydenburg) .

SESUTO : Tnane- Balingvana. The " T5ane " of the small ancestors.
A decoction is prepared from the roots and used to cure diarrhoea and
vomiting in children.

H. elegantissimum, DC.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1966 ! ; Basutoland, near the Buffalo River Waterfall, 8150 ft., Galpin,
6679.

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Grriqualaud. Natal. Swaziland.
Transvaal (Barberton).

126 Annals of the, South African M-ucinn.

H. Cooperi, Harv.

Margin of Forest, Pot River Berg, 5500 ft., March, Galpin, 6678.
DISTRIBUTION : East Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Ermelo,.
MacMac).

This name was given by Kew to Mr. Galpin.

H. setosum, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 12-30 in. high, bracts bright yellow. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 446 ! ex parte ; Qoqolosi Peak, and common round slopes
of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 677 ! 783 ! 871 ! 875 ! 954 ! ; Natal, Ulundi,
-6000 ft, November, Evans.

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Orange Free State (Parys). Transvaal
(Rustenburg, Barberton, Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Phefo ea Thaba. The wind of the mountain. Bohluko,
Suffering. Used to fumigate rooms.

H. f algidum, Willd.

Mountain slopes. 12-30 in. high, bracts bright yellow. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 446 ! ex parte ; mountain slopes and plateau, 6-15 in.
high, bracts bright yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 270!;
slopes of Mont-aux-Sources, above the Eland's River, 8000 ft.,
January, Flanagan, 1961 ! ; Cathkin Peak, 10,000 ft., November, A.
Bolus in Herb. Gutkrie, 4833 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Queenstowu. Transkei. East
Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Lydeuburg, Waterval
Bo ven). Delagoa Bay.

SESUTO : Leabaue. The small vase. A decoction is used for
washing sore eyes,

H. lanatum, Harv., var. oreophilum, Klatt (=H. oreophilum, Klatt).

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, c. 5500 ft., December, Bolus,
8185 ! ; Natal, Tabanhlope, 6000 ft., October, Wood, 10659 ! ; slopes of
Drakensberg, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3596 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Barberton, Belfast).

H. squamosum, Thunb.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 4-13 in. high, flowers yellow.
February. A. Dieterlen, 250 ! ; ravine on west slopes of plateau, bracts
"old-gold" colour, common, Phillips, 624! ; Eland's River, below the
Mont-aux-Sources, c. 6000 ft., December, Flanagan, 1978! 8186!;
Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg, 6500 ft., March, Galpin, 6680 !

DISTRIBUTION : Humausdorp. Uitenhage. Albany. Tembuland.
East Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Hlohvana-Kholvana. The rather large head.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 127

H. splendidum, Less.

Slopes of high mountains, Potsane, Leribe District. 15-30 in.
high, bracts bright yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 760 ! ; in the
valley of the Eland's River, near the Mont-aux- Sources, 6000 ft.,
January, Flanaijoii, 1962 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., November,
Wood, 6155 ! ; Tabaiihlope, 6000ft., Wood, 10541 ! ; summit Drakeus-
berg, nearLuhana's Pass, 8600 ft., March, Galpin, 2324 !

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg. Graaff Reinet. Somerset East.
Molteno. East Griqualand. Transvaal (Barberton, Devil's Kaiitoor,.
Elandspruitbergen) .

SESUTO: Phefo ea MalOti. [The wind of the high mountain. Toane-
moru. The " Toane " of the forest.

H. psilolepsis, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-22 in. high, bracts bright yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 173 ! ; western slopes of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 691!; between Bethlehem and Bester's Vlei, c.
5000 ft., January, Bolus, 8184! ; Cathkin Peak, 8350 ft,, September,
West in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric., 4583 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Koingha.

SESUTO: Tuane-Momo. The " Toaue " of the cattle. A decoction
of the roots is used for curing painful menstruation. Shepherds,
weave hats with this plant.

H. subglomeratum, Less.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6683 !
DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reiiiet. Komgha.

var. lingulatum.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 2|-20 in. high, bracts yellow.
Autumn-Winter. A. Dieterlen, 151 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Graaff Reinet. King William's Town.
Komgha.

SESUTO : Thethebiyane. Thethebiloane. Meanings unknown.

H. latifolium, Less.

Hollows and dongas on mountain slopes. 6-18 in. high, bracts
dark yellow. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 294 ! ; Bester's Vlei,
near Witzie's Hoek, 6000 ft., December, Bolus, 8188!; Flanagan,
1896!

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Fort Beaufort. Komgha. Tembu-
land. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Devil's Kantoor, Bar-
berton. Pietersburg, Houtbosch).

128 Annals oj the South Ajrican Museum.

SESUTO : Papetloane ea liliba. The " papetloane " of the fountains.
Used for " doctoring " people who wish some deed concealed and who
are afraid of being found out.

var. reticulatum.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, bracts brown.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 56 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Houtbosch, Barbertou).

SESUTO : Papetloane e kholo. The large flat spreading one. Leboko.
Plumpness. Mixed with other plants it is made into a medicine used
for colic. The roots are ground, and burnt near cattle suffering from
" black leg."

H. undatum, Less, var. pallidum.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, bracts vellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 573 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Stutterheim. Transkei.

SESUTO : Boleba. Derived from the verb " ho lebala " to forget.
Bolebatsi. The act of forgetting. A native bathed with a decoction
made from the roots believes that he becomes invisible, or forgotten by
his enemies.

H. alloides, Harv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., January, Flanagan,
2074!

DISTRIBUTION : Konigha. Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Barbertou).

H. leiopodium, DC.

Veld and plateau. 8-25 in. high, bracts yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 52 ! 545 ! ; Thaba Unchu, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION: George. Albany. Uiteiihage. Bedford. Aliwal
North. Natal. Orange Free State (Parys). Transvaal (Pretoria).

SESUTO : Mohlomela-tsie oa thota. (545) " He of the valley " who
threads the locusts. Mohlomela-tsie oa thaba. (52) " The mountainous
one " who threads the locusts. The stems are used to thread locusts
so that they can be easily roasted. A decoction prepared from the
plant is given as an enema to children suffering with colic. Dieterlen,
545, grows in the open veld while No. 52 is found on the mountain
slopes.

H. oephaloideum, DC.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, bracts bright yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 448 ! ; Lefi's Kloof and southern slopes of

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 129

plateau, bracts golden yellow, frequent, Phillips, 657 ! 855 !; Basuto-
land, without precise locality, Cooper, 753 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstown. King William's Town.
Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Hoogeveldt).

SESUTO : Mosuvane oa thala. The " Mosuvane " of the mountain.

H. appendiculatum, Less.

Mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, bracts white. Summer. Potsane,
Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 663 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Murray sburg. Somerset
East. Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Babaan
Ylei).

SESUTO : Senltotoana. Meaning unknown.

H. Mundii, Harv.

Near springs and damp spots on mountain slopes. 18-40 in. high,
bracts whitish Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 554 ! ; western slopes of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 635 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. East Griqualand. Natal. Swazi-
land. Transvaal (Pretoria, Waterberg).

SESUTO : Phefo ea liliba. The wind of the fountains. A decoction
of the plant is used in chest complaints.

H. platypterum, DC.

Mountain slopes, near rocks. 7-22 in. high, bracts dark yellow.
Summer. A Dieterlen, 428!; Lefi's Kloof, Phillips, 870! Natal,
Van Eeenen, 5500 ft,, March, Schlechter, 6972 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Transvaal (Barberton).

SESUTO : Papetlvane ea mafika. The flat, spreading one of the rocks.
Lesira. A veil. Leshetla. The spongy part of a bone. A decoction
of the roots is said to renew the virility of men. The shepherd boys
crush and suck the raw roots.

H. gymnocomum, DC.

Mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, bracts yellow, plant sweet smelling.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 439 ! ; western slopes of Leribe plateau,
Phillips, 775 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albert. Transvaal (Devil's Kantoor).

SESUTO : Phefo ea setlolo. The wind of the ointment. Used to
fumigate sick rooms. On account of the pleasant smell it is mixed
with fat and used as an ointment. In former times only the wives of
the chiefs were allowed to anoint themselves with it.

9

130 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. trilineatum, DC.

Wet sandy places near rivulets, at the summit of the Mont-aux-
Sources, c. 8700 ft., January, shrubby plant, 1-2 ft. high, Thode, 24! ;
summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 1974 ! ;
Giant's Castle, 7500 ft., November, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4831 !;
Wittebergeu, Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reiuet.

var. tomentosum, Harv.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 714 ; wet sandy places
near rivulets, at the summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, c. 8700 ft.,
January, a shrub 2-3 ft. high, used for fuel, Thode, 25 ! ; Doodman's
Krans Mtn., 8600-9500 ft., March, Galpin, 6690 ! 6691 ! ; Wittebergen,
6-8000 ft., Drege ; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January,
Flanagan, 1973 ! 1975 !, Mann in Herb. Marloth, 2872 ! A. Bolus in
Herb. Guthrie, 8436 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

var.

Stony places in the Caledon Eange (spurs of Drakensberg), c.
6900 ft,, February. A shrub, 2-3 ft. high, Thode, 26 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. cymosum, Less.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1970!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albany. Transkei. Natal.

H. simillimum, DC.

Mountain slopes. 8-22 in. high, bracts yellow. Summer- Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 275 ! ; banks of stream on western slopes of plateau,
Phillips, 710 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December,
Flanagan, 1923!; Eland's River Valley, near the Mont-aux-Sources,
5800 ft., December, Flanagan, 1976 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. Komgha. Transkei. Tenibulaud.
East Griqualand. Natal (Charlestown, 5-6000 ft.).

SESUTO : Pulungoana. A small gun.

H. callicomum, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-22 in. high, bracts light yellow.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 126 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 730 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stutterheim. East Griqualand. Tembuland. Natal.
Zululaud.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 131

SESUTO : Motoantoanyane. The despicable thing. See note under
Aster liispidus and Helichrysum rugulosum. Used for fuel in winder
when wood is scarce.

H. aureo-nitens, Sch. Bip.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 4-13 in. high, bracts yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 143 ! ; mountain slopes above the
Mission Station, bracts white or yellow,common,P77Zi2Js, 521 ! ; Bester's
Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan, 1924 ! ; Mont-
aux-Sources, 9500 ft., October, A. Bolus in Herb. Gutlirie, 4835 ! ;
Eland's River Valley under the Mont-aux-Sources, 5500 ft., January,
Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8183 !

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg. Aliwal North. Tembulaud. East
Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Belfast, Wonderfontem, Johannes-
burg).

SESUTO : Toane-poli. The " Toane " of the goat. Toane-ntja. The
" Toaue " of the dog. A stock of this plant is always found in a
Basu to hut, it being used as tinder to start a fire. The natives also
carry live embers home between some branches and so start a fire of
their own. A decoction is given to children in the habit of " wetting "
their beds. Shepherds weave hats with this plant,

H. rugulosum, Less.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-12 in. high, bracts white, pink and
yellow. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 255 ! ; common round Leribe
plateau, a small shrub 9-18 in. high, growing in large patches, Phillips,
521! 672! 701!

DISTRIBUTION: Riversdale. Grraa,ff Reinet. Somerset East, Aliwal
North. King William's Town. Natal. Transvaal (Elandspruitbergen,
Rustenberg, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Hotvantvanyane o monyenyane. The small despicable
hiug. Together with H. callicomum, Harv., and Aster hispidus, Bkr.,
it is used as a protective charm. In cases of colds in children, the
plant is used to fumigate the hut.

H. dregeanum, Sond. & Harv.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-12 in. high, bracts dark yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 567 !; Veld, near Peka, Leribe
District, A. Dieterlen, 567b ! ; Wittebergen, Cooper, 617.

DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North. Orange Free State (Bloemf ontein) .
Transvaal (Potchefstroom).

SESUTO : Tdane ea tliaba. The " Toane " of the mountain. The
leaves are smoked to cure a cold in the head.

132 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. album, N. E. Br.

Wet rocks on the summit of Mont-aux-Sources, 9000 ft., January,
Thode, 29!, summit Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1972!; Natal, Bushman's River Pass, Drakeusberg, 7-8000 ft.,
Evans, 48.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. agrostophilum, Klatt.

Mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, bracts light yellow. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 827 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6500 ft.,
December, Bolus, 8189 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (near Belfast, Barbertou, Elandspruit-
bergen, Pietersbui'g).

SESUTO : Papetloana ea thaba. The flat, spreading one of the
mountain Together with other plants a preventive " charm " against
all illnesses is prepared from this species. Burnt in winter as fuel.

H. alticolum, Bolus, var. montanum.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9-11,000 ft., October, A. Bolus in
Herb. Bolus, 10682 !, Mann in Herb. Marloth, 2866 !, Evans, 742 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. athrixiifolium, O. Hoffm.

Leribe plateau. 5-12 in. high, bracts yellow. January. A.
Dieterlen, 502 ! 902 !; near Harrisrnith, 4-5000 ft., February, Wood,
4791 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal (Colenso).

SESUTO : Motvantvanyane o monyenyane. The small despicable
thing. The leaves are smoked for chest complaints.

H. calocephalum, Schltr. (PL VI, fig. i.)

Mountain slopes, Mathokvane, Leribe District. 4-10 in. high,
bracts pink or white. December, A. Dieterlen, 803 ! ; Mout-aux-
Sources, 7uOO ft., December, Bolusl A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4828 !,
9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 1967 !

DISTRIBUTION: Somerset East. East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO: Tuane-Balingvana e Kholo. The big " Toane " of the small
ancestors. A decoction of the roots is used to cure diarrhoea in
children.

H. confertum, N. E. Br.

Bushman's River Pass, 7-8000 ft., July, Evans, 49 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 133

H. dasycephalum, 0. Hoffm.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 6-20 in. high, bracts yellow.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 80 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak and on sloping rock
ravine on west slopes of plateau, Phillips, 735 ! 929 ! ; Natal, Van
Reenen's Pass, Krook, 1437 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : MoqabOla. He who causes to laugh. SenJcotoana. Meaning
unknown. Used as fuel.

H. epapposum, Bolus, var. robustum, Bolus.

Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg, 7500 ft., March, Galpin, 6681 ! ;
Drakeusberg, near Luhana Pass, 8500 ft., March, Galpin, 2325 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. Flanaganii, Bolus.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1964 ! ; Doodnian's Krans Mtn., 9600 ft., March, Galpin, 6682 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. fulvum, N. E. Br.

Natal, Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft., Evans, 352 ! ; Van Reeneu, Wood,
4533.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. glomeratum, Klatt.

Plains, Antelope Park, 5900 ft., March, Galpin, 6684 ! ; Natal, grassy
hill at Polela, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 4588 !

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand. Tembuland. Natal.

H. Haygarthii, Bolus.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., February, Wood, 9727.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. infaustura, Wood & Evans.

Mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, bracts yellow, March. A.
Dieterlen, 708 ! 708b ! ; grassy summit of the Mout-aux-Sources,
c. 8850 ft., January, Thode, 27 ! ; Eland's River, near the Mont-aux-
Sources, 6000 ft., December, Flanagan, 1977 ! ; Van Reenen, March,
Wood, 5973, 6973 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Motoantoamjane oa matlapa. The despicable thing of the
flat stones. Mpulutsoana. The small grey one. Used as fuel.

H. lineatum, Bolus.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9000 ft., March, Galpin, 6669 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

134 Annals of the South African Museum.

H. nanum, Klatt.

Natal, Drakensberg, March, Haygarth (Wood, 5698); Mawahqua,
6-7000 ft., January, Wood, 4593 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Glriqualaud.

H. oreophilum, Klatt.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, 5000 ft., January, Wood, 3596.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. pulvinatum, O. Hoffni.

Natal, Van Keenen, 5-6000 ft., 0. Kuntse.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. plantaginifolium, O. Hoffni.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., January, Bolus, 8187 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Tembuland. Transvaal (Wouder-
fontein, Carolina, Pretoria).

H. Randii, Sp. Moore. (PI. VI, fig. 2.)

Veld and banks of Caledon River. 5-10 in. high, bracts white.
A. Dieterlen, 857 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft.,
December, Solus, 8181 !, Flanagan, 1920 ! ; summit Mont-aux-Sources,
8-10,000 ft., October, bracts white, A. Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 6864 ! ;
Natal, Tugela Falls, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3606 !

DISTRIBUTION : Molteno. Aliwal North. Tembuland. East
Griqualaud. Transvaal (Pretoria, Barberton, Carolina).

SESUTO : Senkotoana. Meaning unknown.

H. retortoides, N. E. Br.

Rocky places on the summit of the Mouut-aux- Sources, c. 8850 ft.,
January, Thode, 28!, 9300-9500 ft., October, Mann in Herb. Marloth,
28741, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4530 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg,
6-7000 ft., November, Wilson (Wood, 8265).

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. setigerum, Bolus.

Doodman's Krans Mtu., Ben McDhui, etc. 9550-9900 ft,, March,
Galpin, 6670, 6676 ! ; summit Mount-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January,
Flanagan, 1969 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

var. minor.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6686 ; Van Reeneu,
5500 ft., January, Wood, 10771 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 135

H. witbergense, Bolus.

Ben McDhui, 9600 ft., March, shrub 2 ft. high, Galpin, 6692 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. sp. (near H. marginatum, DC.)

Doodnian's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 9500-9900, March,
Galpin, 6677.

H. sp. (cf. H. cephaloideum, DC., and H. campaneum, Sp. Moore.)
Doodnian's Kraus Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6685.

H. sp. (Xerochlaeua.)

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., February, Haygarth (Wood, 9620).

H. sp. (Xerochlaena.)

Natal, Mahwaqua, 6-7000 ft., April, Wood, 4557.

H. sp. (Declivata.)

Natal, Polela, 5-6000 ft., July, Evans, 516.

LEONTONYX, Cass.
1. squarrosus, DC.

Mountain slopes. 2-10 in high, flowers yellowish. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 648!

DISTRIBUTION : Piquetberg. Cape. Oudtshoorn. Uitenhage.
Komagh. Transkei. Pondolaud. East Grriqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Mosuoane. The one on whom skins are made supple.
Tuatie ea metsi. The " Toane " of the water or of dampness.

L. spathulatus, Less.

Satsanua's Peak, Drakeusberg, 9400 ft., March, Galpin, 6671 !
DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Riversdale. Knysna. Q-raaff Reinet.

PETALACTELLA, N. E. Br.
P. Woodii, N. E. Br.

Eocky hills, near Harrismith, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 5139 ! ;
Natal, rocky hills, Drakensbei'g, February, Wood, 4813.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

STOEBE, Linn.
S. cinerea, Thunb.

Mountain slopes. Bush, 20-30 in high, bracts golden yellow. May.
A. Dieterlen, 885 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Paarl. Port Elizabeth. Tembuland. Natal.
Transvaal ( Waterberg) .

136 Annals of the South African Museum.

SESUTO : Sehalahala sa lengope. The bush of the river bank. Used
as fuel iu winter.

METALASIA, Br.
M. muricata, Less.

Mountain slopes. 15-35 in. high, bracts white. Autumn. A.
Dieterlen, 257 ! ; Basutolancl, without precise locality. Bush 2-3 ft.
high, bracts white, Cooper, 704 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg, Polela, 6-7000
ft., Evans, 542 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Prince Albert.
East G-riqualand.

SESUTO : Lehlohlo. He who packs (tightly) corn in a basket.
Sehalahala se seputsoa. The grey bush. Together with Eriocephalus
punctulatus used to fumigate a hut during illness or after a death.
Used as fuel.

NESTLERA, Spreng.
N. virgata, N. E. Br.

Natal, Bushman's River Pass, July, Evans, 50 ; among grass, sources
of the Bushman's River, Drakensberg, June, Evans, 643 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

N. acerosa, Harv. (ex descr.)

Slopes and plateau of Thaba Phatosa, Leribe District. 10-22 in.
high, flowers bright yellow. Winter-Spring (July, 1908), A. Dieterlen,,
615 ! 616 ! ; Basutoland Mtus., near Mequeathing, Cooper, 733.

DISTRIBUTION : Barkly East. Albert.

SESUTO : Moholu oapela. Moholu a lekhoaba.

RELHANIA, L'Her.
R. pungens, L'Her.

Summit Pot River Berg, 5900 ft., March, Galpin, 6693 !
DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Port Elizabeth. Mossel Bay. Albany.
Tembuland. Natal.

MACOWANIA, Oliv.
M. glandulosa, N. E. Br.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1879! ; Natal, Tabanhlope, April, Evans, 412, same locality, 6000 ft.,.
October, Wood, 10629 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. pulvinaris, N. E. Br.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6694!'
DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 137

ATHRIXIA, Ker.
A. elata, Soud.

Mountain slopes and plateau. Flowers yellow and mauve. November.
A. Dieterlen, 236 ! 926 ! ; Basutolaml, without precise locality, Cooper,
735 ! ; Natal, Giant's Castle, 5000 ft., Sim.

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Phefshoana, ea Basiea. The small wind of the " Basiea."
As a cure for sore feet the Basutos use the plant in the following
manner : The patient places his feet, in which incisions have been made,
over a hole made in the ground ; they are then washed with a decoction
pi-epared from the leaves and roots. The blood from the incisions
must fall into the hole, which is afterwards filled witli earth. Also
used to brew a kind of tea.

A. angustissima, DC.

Slopes of high mountains at Potsaue, Leribe District. 6-15 in.
high, rays white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 676 ! ; " Cave," Eland's
River Valley, at the foot of Mont-aux-Sources, 6800 ft., January,
tlunagan, 1943 ! ; Albertina, south of Harrismith, 5-6000 ft,, February,
Wood, 9726 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft., February, Wood, 9726 ;
Doodmau's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 8800-9500 ft., March,
Galpin, 6696 ! ; Wittebergen, 6-7000 ft., Drege !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembulaud.

SESUTO : Phefshoana e nyenyane. The small wind. See note under
A. elata.

A. arachnoidea, Wood & Evans.
Natal, Polela, 6000 ft., Evans, 613.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic,

A. fontana, Macow. (PI. I. fig. B).

Doodmau's Krans Mtn. and Tsitsa Footpath, 8000-8800 ft,, March,
Galpin, 6695 ! 6701 ; Summit, Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January,
Flanagan, 1952 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Tembuland. East Griqualaud.
Natal.

A. pinifolia, N. E. Br.

Natal, Bushman's Caves, Drabensberg, 6000 ft., July, Evans, 59 ;
Bed of stream, Polela, 6-7000 ft., July, rays white or pink, disc yellow,
Evans, 581 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, c. 6000 ft., October, A. Bolus in Herb.
Bolus, 6880 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

138 Annals of the South African Museum.

BOJEEIA, DC.
U. nutans, Bolus.

Basutolaud, river banks above Buffalo River Waterfall, 8100 ft.,
March. An erect virgate shrub, 5 ft. high, Galpin, 6659 ! ; grassy
slopes near the summit of Mapedi's Peak, Witzie's Hoek, c. 7980 ft.,
February. A clammy scented plant, with greenish heads, Thode, 21 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PRINTZIA, Case.
P. pyrifolia, Less.

Mountain slopes. Bush 4-8 ft. high, flowers white. Early Spring
and Winter. A. Dieterlen, 13 ! ; Basutolaud, without precise locality,
Cooper, 691 ! ; Orange Free State, Witteberg, Relimann, 3969 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Komgha. Tembuland. East
Grriqualand.

SESUTO : Sepkomnlo. Derived from the verb "ho phomolo " to
rest. Lekhisa. A long hair. A preparation made from the plant is
given as an enema for internal tumours. Used as fuel.

P. asteroides, Schltr.

Natal, Ixopo, 4-5000 ft., January, Evans, 625.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

P. laxa, N. E. Br.

Natal, Drakeusberg, July, Evans, 53.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

GEIGERIA, Grissel.
G. passerinoides, Harv.

Veld. Flowers yellow. April. Peka, Leribe District, A. Dieterhn,
991 ! ; Wilge River, Harrismith, 5-6000 ft,, June, Wood, 4784 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. 1 Murraysburg. Grriqualand West.
Natal. Zululaiid. Orange Free State (Bloemf onteiu) . Transvaal
(Bloemhof).

SESUTO -. Hlohoana-Kholoanyane. Rather big heads. In Autumn
it is burnt iri cultivated lauds to hasten the ripening of the grain.
The illness of a child is sometimes supposed to be due to " insects " or
" worms " in the head, in which case incisions are made on the child's
forehead, cheeks, and nape of the neck, and a drug prepared from the
plant is rubbed in aiid it is believed that the " insects " are driven
away through the intestines.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 139

XANTHIUM, Linn.
X. spinosum, Liuu.

Veld and slopes round villages. 6-30 in. high. Summer- Autumn.

A. Dieterlen, 312 !

DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed found in most parts of South
Africa.

SESUTO : MoJcdala. Syphilis (in the early stage). Sehlabahlabane.
He who pricks. Said to have been introduced into Basutoland by the
cattle taken as loot during the war with the Zulu chief Lakalebalele
in 1873.

ZINNIA, Linn.
Z. multiflora, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-25 in. high, flowers red. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 156!; bush, 3-4 ft. high, flowers brick-red,
common, Phillips, 535 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Lipii. Trumpets. Lipii-pii. Many trumpets. The
flower-heads make playthings for the native children.

BIDENS, Linn.

B. pilosa, Linn.

Mountain slopes and waste places. 8-36 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 86a !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Komgha. Natal.
SESUTO : Moonyane. Meaning unknown.

B. leucantha, Willd.

Banks of water courses on mountain slopes. 6-15 in. high, flowers
yellow. March-May. A. Dieterlen, 86b !

DISTRIBUTION : An imported weed.

SESUTO : Mtionyane. Meaning unknown.

EEIOCEPHALUS, Linn.
E. punctulatus, DC.

Mountain slopes and plateau. A bush, 2-4 ft. high, flowers white.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 435 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 692 ! 744 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualaud Minor. Aliwal North.

SESUTO : Sehalahala sa matlaka. The bush of the vultures. It is
said to grow near places where the vultures roost. It is used together
with Metalasia muricata to fumicate the but of a person suffering with
a cold or diarrhoea.

140 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. eximius, DC.

Basutoland, rocky ridges above the Buffalo River Waterfall, c.
7780ft,, March, Galpin, 6697!

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet.

LASIOSPERMUM, Lag.
L. radiatum, Trev.

Mountain slopes. 6-18 in. high, rays white. Summer. A. Dieter -
len, 16!

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Murraysburg. Graaff Reiuet. Aliwal
North. Komgha. Transvaal (Vereeniging).

SESUTO : Sehalikane se seholo. The large roasted one. The plant
has a pleasant smell and is mixed with fat to make an ointment.
Used also to fumigate a sick-room.

ATHANASIA, Linn.
A. punctata, Harv.

Margin of Pot River Berg Forest, 5500 ft., March, Galpin, 6698.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

A. linifolia, Harv., forma.

Mountain slopes, Malaoaneng, Leribe District. 15-35 in. high
flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 881 ! 882 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lelingvana. The small cannibal.

The leaf buds have gone into the knobby, tomentose, winter state.
This woolliness disappears after spring as the inflorescence develops.

A. montana, Wood & Evans.

Natal, sources of the Bushman's River, 6-7000 ft., June, flowers
yellow, Evans, 662 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. Thodei, Bolus.

Stony places near the summit of the Mout-aux-Sources, c. 8400 ft.,
January, a plant 4-5 ft. high, clammy and strongly scented, Thode,
23! ; Doodman's Krans Mtu., 9200 ft,, March, Galpin, 6707 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

EUMORPHIA, DC.

E. sericea, Wood & Evans.

Natal, Bushman's River Pass, 8-10,000 ft., April, Evans, 715;
stony places, Doodman's Krans, 9650 ft., March, prostrate, Galpin^

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 141

6700 !, 8640 ft,, shrubs 3-4 ft., Galpin, 6699 ! ; summit Mont-aux-
Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 1959 ! stony places on Mont-
aux-Sources, c. 8850 ft., January, shrubby, rays white, TJwde, 20!
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

COTIJLA, Linn.
C. bipinnata, Thunb.

In marsh at base of Doodman's Krans Mtn. , 8500 ft., March,
Galpin, 6702!

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualaud Minor. Malmesbury. Wellington.
Eiversdale. Ceres.

C. anthemoides, Linn.

Damp spots on plateau. 1^-6 in. high, flowers greenish-yellow.
Autumn. Cana, Tejatejaueng District. A. Dieterlen, 328!

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Komgha Transkei. Natal. Trans-
vaal (Pretoria). Lourenco Marques.

SESUTO : Hlapi e nyenyane. The small fish. A decoction prepared
from the leaves and roots is drunk for colic.

C. sp. = Schlechter, 3390.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, December, Bolusl
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

C. sp.

In marsh at base of Doodman's Krans Mtn., 8500 ft., March, Galpin,
6703.

CENIA, Juss.
C. hispida, Bth. & Hk.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-15 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 614 ! ; damp spots in ravines, Phillips, 772 !
867!; Witzie's Hoek, c. 6600 ft., February, Thodel; summit of the
Mont-aux-Sources, January, Flanagan, 2310 ! ; Doodman's Krans Mtn.,
8500 ft., March, Galpin, 6704 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stutterheim. Komgha. Tembuland. East
Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Oliphant's River).

SESUTO : Motoantoanyane oa thaba. The despicable thing of the
mountain. Mokubetso. Fumigation. A decoction made from, the
roots is drunk in cases of nausea. In summer the plant is burnt in
the fields to increase the crops.

SCHISTOSTEPHIUM, Less.
S. crataegifolium, Fenzl.

Mountain slopes. 7-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Autumn.

142 Annals of the South African Museum.

A. Dieterlen, 289 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg, Wood ; Van Reenen, 5500 ft. r
March, Schlechter, 6974 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Albany. Komgha. Trauskei. Tembu-
land. East Griqualaud. Natal. Beclmanaland. Transvaal (Pieters-
burg, Crocodile and Magalies Elvers).

SESUTO : Leapi. LeJiakanya. Meanings unknown. Kolokholo,
The big coat. Kobo-tsa-marena. The coats of the chiefs. The
leaves are smoked for chest complaints. A lotion is prepared from
the roots for bathing sore eyes.

GTMNOPENTZIA, Benth.
G. pilfera, N. E. Br.

Natal, Bushman's Caves, Drakensberg, 6-7000 ft., July, Evans, 51 ;
Source of the Injasuti, 7-8000 ft., June, flowers yellow, Evans, 640 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PENTZIA, Thimb.
P. Cooperi, Harv.

Mountain slopes at Malavaneng, Leribe District, 25-40 in. high,
flowers yellow. Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 666 ! ; Natal, below the Mont-
aux-Sources, 9-10,000 ft., Evans, 754 ! Basutoland, banks of streamlets
above the Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 8200 ft., March, Galpin, 6705 ! ;
Doodman's Krans, 8640 ft., March, Galpln, 6706 ! ; Basutoland,
without precise locality, Cooper, 711 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reinet. Albert.

SESUTO : Napshane.

P. virgata, Less.

Mountain slopes. A bush 12 in. high, flowers yellow. January-
April. A. Dieterlen, 844 !

DISTRIBUTION : Bushmanlaud. Swellendam. Worcester. Uiten-
hage. Beaufort West. Middleburg. Komgha. Zululand. Griqua-
land West. Bechuanaland. Transvaal (Sandloop).

SESUTO : Mohantsoane. Meaning unknown.

ARTEMISIA, Linn.
A. afra, Jacq.

Damp and shady spots on mountain. 15-40 in. high, flowers
yellow. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 96 !

DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North. Natal. Transvaal (Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Lengana. Meaning unknown. Children suffering with
constipation are given a decoction of the plant as an enema. A lotion
for washing the body is also prepai'ed from it.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 143"

CINERARIA, Linn.
C. aspera, Thunb.

Stony spots on mountain slopes. 10-40 in. high, flowers yellow.
Autumn- Winter. A. Dieterlen, 125 ! ; in kloof near Rhodes, 6200 ft.,
March, Galpin, 2331 !

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg. Graaff Reinet. Middleburg.
Molteno. Aliwal North.

SESUTO : Moholn oapela. The stomach of the rock-rabbits. The
natives say rock-rabbits are fond of this plant. The leaves are
smoked to relieve asthma and tuberculosis. It is said to be as
intoxicating as " dagga " (Cannabis indica).

C. erodioides, DC.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6713.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage.

This name was given by Kew to Mr. G-alpiu.

C. lobata, L'Her.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9100 ft., March, Galpin, 6710!; Natal,
De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft., March, Wood, 5191 !

DISTRIBUTION : Calvinia. Ceres. Worcester. Somerset East.
Transkei. East Griqualand.

C. lyrata, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, flowers yellow.
Spring- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 93 ! ; mountain slopes above the Mission
Station, not common, Phillips, 510 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8192 ! ; Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg,.
7850 ft., March, Galpin, 6711 ; between Tent Kop and Antelope Park,
5600 ft,, March, Galpin, 6708 !

DISTRIBUTION: Aliwal North.- Natal. Transvaal (Standerton).

SESUTO: Klintnliea. Meaning unknown. See note under Senecio*
rhynchlaenus, DC.

C. albicans, N. E. Br.

Natal, Polela, April, Fourcade (Wood, 1895 !).
DISTRIBUTION : Zululand.

C. Ditterlenii, Phillips, sp. nov. Planta herbacea, 12-28 poll. alta.
RanniU juniores albo-lanati, demum glabri. Folia petiolata, 2'5-7 cm.
longa. Petiolus l-2 - 5 cm. longus, sulcatus, mox glaber, basi auri-
cularis ; lamina l-4'5 cm. longa, l-5 - 5 cm. lata, cordata, pinnati-
lobata, glabra ; juniores albo-lanata. In-ftorescentia terminales vel
axillares ; capitula in laxa panicula vel racemo disposita. Capitulum

144 Annals of the South African Muse inn.

-8 mm. longum, circiter 9 mm. latum, obovatum. Bracteae invo-
lucrae circiter 8, 4 - 5 mm. lougae, 1 mm. latae, oblongae, aeuminatae,
apice acutae, glabrae, marginatae. Corolla radii 6 mm. longa ; tubus
2 mm. longus, cylindricus, glaber ; limbus 4 mm. longus, 2 mm. latus,
oblongus vel elliptico-oblougus, apice minute tridentatus. Ovarium
1-3 mm. longum, obovato-oblongum, paullo compressum, glabrum,
marginatum ; stylus 3 mm. lougus; lobi "75 mm. longi, lineares.
Tubus floris disci 4 mm. lorigus, cylindricus, glaber; lobi - 5 mm.
longi, oblongi vel ovato-oblongi, apice obtusi. Filament a 1 mm. longa,
supra paullo inflata ; antherae 1'5 mm. longae, lineares, apice glandu-
losae. Pappus 3 mm. longus, scabridus. Ovarium 2 mm. longum,
75 mm. latum, obovato-oblongum, compressum, glabrum, margiiiatum ;
stylus 4 - 5 mm. longus, glaber; lobi '75 mm. longi, truncati.

Plateau and mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Autumn. A,
Dieterlen, 576.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Khdtdliea e Kholo. The big " Khotoliea." Moholii oa pela.
The stomach of the rock-rabbit.

A sub-herbaceous plant 12-28 in. high. Young branchlets white-
woolly becoming glabrous or nearly so. Leaves petioled, 2'5-7 cm.
long; petiole 1-2-5 cm. long, furrowed, eared at the base, xisually
glabrous ; lamina l-4'5 cm. long, l-5'5 cm. broad, cordate in outline,
palmately lobed, glabrous, or the youngest leaves white-woolly. Inflor-
escence terminal or axillary ; the capitula arranged in a loose panicle
or raceme. Heads 6-8 mm. long, about 9 mm. in diameter, ovate in
outline. Involucral bracts about 8, 4'5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, oblong,
acuminate, acute, glabrous, with membranous margins. Ray-florets
female ; corolla tube 2 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ; limb 4 mm.
long, 2 mm. broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong, faintly 3-toothed at the
apex, 4-nerved. Ovary 1'3 mm. long, obovate-oblong in outline,
slightly compressed, glabrous, with a narrow membranous marginal
wing; style 3 mm. long; lobes '75 mm. long, linear. Disc-florets
hermaphrodite. Corolla-tube 4 mm. long, cyliudric, 5-nerved, glabrous ;
lobes '5 mm. long, oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse. Stamens inserted
about half-way down the corolla tube ; filaments 1 mm. long, slightly
swollen above ; anthers 1*5 mm. long, linear, divided at the base, with
an ovate-oblong gland - 3 mm. long at the apex. Pappus 3 mm. long,
rough. Ovary 2 mm. long, - 75 mm. broad, obovate-oblong in outline,
compressed, glabrous, with a narrow membranous marginal wing ;
style 4'5 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes '75 mm. long, linear, truncate.

Allied to C. geifolia, Linn., but differs in having perfectly glabrous
leaves and the achenes without marginal cilia.

Flora <;/' ///' Lfrilr P/nffiin nn<l Environ*. 145

C. montana, Bolus.

Natal, Bushman's River Valley, 6-8UUU ft., October, flowers yellow,
Wood, 10562!; summit Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft,, February, Wood, 9925!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SENECIO, Linn.
S. vulgaris, Limi.

G-arden of Mission Station, flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
895!

DISTRIBUTION : Cosmopolitan.

SESUTO : Mohohi oa pela o nionyetit/iu'. The small stomach of the
rock-rabbit.

S. macrocephalus, DC., var. hirsutissimus.

Mountain slopes at Malavaneug, Leribe District, Flowers magenta.
December. .4. Diet'-rlrn. 930!; Natal, Griant's Castle, 8000 ft,,
November, flowers red, A. Boltm in Herb. Gtitltri>'.

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. Komgha. Transkei.

SESUTO : Se-bea-Diollo. It burns. Nyoakoane ea loii. The " Ngoa-
koane" (a young brother or sister of a dead child) of the high
mountains. A medicine for colic is prepared from it.

S. concolor, DC.

Natal, Tabauhlope, 6000 ft,, October, flowers purple, Wood, 10478!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. East Grriqualand. Transvaal (Belfast).
This is probably the same as S. speciosus, Willd.

S. concolor, DC., forma.

Natal, near Polela, 4-5000 ft., April, flowers red, Wood, 4548.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. erubescens, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-25 in. high, rays violet. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 281 ! 640 ! ; ravines, rays blue, Phillips, 764 ! 773 !; Beater's
Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, December, Bolus, 8199 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Humansdorp. Port Elizabeth. Stutter-
heirn. Aliwal North. Komgha. Tembuland. East Griqualand.
Natal.

SESUTO : Letapiso. The diminisher of strength. The natives mix
the crushed plant with tobacco to make the latter milder. A decoc-
tion of the roots is drunk for nausea and rheumatic fever.

S. barbatus, DC.

Summit of the Mount-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January , Flanagan, 1954 !
DISTRIBUTION : Natal. East G-riqualand.

10

146 Annals of the South African

S. thyrsoideus, DC.

Natal, Vau Reeneu, 5-6000 ft., November, Wood, 4777 ; Satsanua's
Peak, Drakeusberg, 9000 ft., March, flowers blue, Galpin, 6717 !
DISTRIBUTION : Stutterheim.

S. Sanderson!, Harv.

Orange Free State, near Harrismith, Wood, 4807.
DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand.

S. asperulus, DC.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 6-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Spring-Summer-Autumii. A. Dieterlen, 61 ! 580 ! ; Lefi's Kloof and
south slopes of plateau, rays yellow, Phillips, 811 ! 861 !

DISTRIBUTION : Between Albany and Somerset East. Graaff Keinet.
Bui'ghersdorp. Aliwal North. Tembuland. Transvaal (Zuikerbosch
Rand) .

SESUTO : Letapisoana la naheng. The small " Letapise " of the
country. Khbtoliea ea thaba. The " Khotolina '' of the mountain,
Mixed with tobacco to make it milder.

var. glabrior, Harv.

Bester's Ylei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8200 !
DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Carolina).

S. serratus, Sond.

Stony spots on veld and mountain slopes. 8-26 in. high, flowers
yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 644 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Queenstown. Graaff Keinet. Tembulaud*.
Natal. Transvaal (Volksrust).

SESUTO: Letapiso. The dimiuisher of strength. A person suffering
with swollen limbs or internal tumours is washed with a decoction
prepared from the entire plant.

S. hastulatus, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 344b ! 498a ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 715 ! ; near Buffalo River Waterfall, 8200 ft,, March, Galpin,
6720 !, Doodman's Krans Mtn., 9200-9650 ft., March, Galpin, 6721.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO: Khotoliea ea kholo. The big " Khotoliea." tiekliatlana.
Small notches.

var. nudiusculus.

Mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 498b !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 147

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Beaufort West.
SESUTO : Sekliatlana. Small notches.

S. hieracioides, DC.

Mountain slopes and banks of streams. Flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 344a ! ; Doodman's Krans Mtn.. 8900 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6718 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Khotoliea e kholo. The big " Khotoliea,"

S. Bellis, Harv. ?

Ben McDhui, 9400 ft,, March, Galpin, 6722.

S. reptans, Turcz.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sonrces, 9500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1951 !

DISTRIBUTION : Middleburg. Molteno. Griqualand West.

S. dregeanus, DC., var. discoideus.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 12-80 in. high, flowers violet.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 130 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Sebilvane. The small black stone. Mantvana. Small
feet. Lehlomane le lenyenyane. The small " Lehlomane.'' A decoc-
tion of the roots is drunk to bring on vomiting in cases of a cold in
the chest. It is also given to madmen and is supposed to free them
from their madness.

S. coronatus, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 601 934!

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth. Albany. Graaff Eeinet. Aliwal
North. Transkei. Tembuland. East Grriqualand. Transvaal (Bar-
berton, Kustenburg) .

SESUTO : Motabo. A mixture. Papetloane e tabany koae. The
" Papetloane " to be mixed with tobacco. More-moJwlo. The big
medicine. Lehlomanyane. The small " lehlomane." Used as an
emetic, and to mix with tobacco.

Dieterlen 60 is a broad leaf-form, the leaves being from 6'5-7'S cm.
broad.

S. albanensis, DC.

Malavaueng, Leribe District, flowers yellow. A. Dieterlen, 934 ! ;
slopes of ravine between the Mission Station and Jonathan's Village,
common, Phillips, 564 !

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Uiteuhage. Albany. Queenstown.

148 Ann ii I it <if tin' Sontli African

var. leiophyllus.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterleit, 477a !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Lehlomanyane. The small " Lehlomaue." A preparation
for use in colic pains is made from the roots.

S. inornatus, DC. (ex descr.)

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1870!

DISTRIBUTION : Albany.

This plant agrees with the description in the ' Flora Capensis.'
The heads are 5-6-rayed, with about 15 disc-florets.

S. monticolus, DC. (ex descr.)

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer (December). A.
Dieterlen, 834 ! ; Wittebergen, 3500-6000 ft,, Drcge.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lehlomane ba thaba.

S. macrospermus, DC.

Slopes of high mountains at Sehonghong. Flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 784 ! ; valley above the Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, c. 8000 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6728 ! ; Ben McDhui, 9250 ft., March, Galpin, 6727 ! ;
Wittebergen, 6000 ft., Drcge.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO: Poli-tsohana. The white she-goat. Lesira. A veil. A
charm is made from the plant for native warriors to render them
invisible to the enemy.

S. gramineus, Harv. ?

Doodman's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 9000-9700 ft., March,
Galpin, 6724-6726.

S. gramineus, Harv.

Summit of the Mont aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1955!

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Eeinet.

S. polyodon, DC. (ex descr.)

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6400 ft., December, Flanagan,
1843!

DISTRIBUTION : Near the Little and Great Fish Eivers.

S. othonnaeflorus, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers yellow.

Flnr <>f ffi>' Li'i'ilx' Pli.ili-dii /mi!

Summer. A. Dieterlen, 477b ! ; north slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips,
676 ! ; Bester's Vlei. near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-6700 ft,, December,
Bolus, 8202! Flmntijun, 1847!; Natal, in swamp at Van Reenen,
5-6000 ft., December, Wood, .5842.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenliage. Humansdorp. Albany, Murray sburg.
Graaff Reinet. Molteno. Aliwal North. Stutterheim. EastQ-riqualand.
Transvaal (Wilge Eiver).

SESUTO : LeMomanyane, The small " lehlomaue." A very strong
emetic.

S. rhomboideus, Harv.

Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 4535.
DISTRIBUTION : Transkei.

S. paucifolius, DC.

Mountain slopes. 12-30 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 412 !

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth. Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North.
East Griqualand. Orange Free State (Bloemfontein). Transvaal
(Landspruit).

SESUTO: Lekoto la litsoene. The trickling of rain. Lelulta la pula.
The " Lelulta " of the monkeys. The native doctors believe the plant,
to be the female of No. 674.

S. bupleuroides, DC.

River banks and mountain slopes. 9-22 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 403 ! ; north slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips,
685 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-6500 ft., December-
January, Bolus, 8195 ! Flanagan, 1998 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal
(Pretoria, Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Lekloyoane. The small " Lehlomane." Lereka. Mercy.
Mixed with other plants, it is highly esteemed in chest complaints.

On the sheet (Bolus, 8195), in the Bolus Herbarium, is the following
note : " (S'. bupleuroides, DC., by its radiate heads, but otherwise it
seems as near or near 8. venosus, Harv., and both species are probably
forms of one."

S. isatideus, DC.

Mountain slopes. 12-40 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 587 ! ; ravine on west slopes of plateau, frequent, Phillips,
598 ! : Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, December, Bolus,
S201 ! Fhiiiaiiutt, 1904!

150 Annul* nf Hir South African Mnsn\\\\

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Somerset East. Transkei. Tembuland.
East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Lehlomane le leputsoa. The grey " Lehlomane."

S. Gerrardi, Harv.

Mountain slopes. Flowers violet. Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 635 !
503!

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand. Natal. Zululaud. Swaziland.
Transvaal (Houtbosch ) .

SESUTO: Moroborobo o monyenyane. The small " Moroborobo." A
decoction of the roots is drunk as an emetic in bilious attacks.

S. serratuloides, DC.

River Banks at 'Matalane, Leribe District, 3-5 ft. high, flowers
yellow. Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 778 !

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth. Komgha. Transkei. East Griqua-
land. Natal.

SESUTO : Khotoliea ea noko. The " Khotoliea " of the river.

S. serra, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. 20-45 in., flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 113 ! ; ravine on west slopes of plateau, Phillips,
760 ! ; between Tent Kop and Antelope Park, 5600 ft., March, Gal-pin,
6731 ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6200 ft., December, Bolus ! ;
Natal, Van Reenen, 8000 ft., March, Schlechter, 6998 !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Graaff Reinet. Somerset East. East
Griqualand. Bechuanaland. Transvaal (Pietersburg).

SESUTO: Lehlomane le leholo. The big "Lehlomane'' (from "ho-
hloma " to plant).

S. tanacetoides, Sond.

Stony places on plateau. 10-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 582 ! ; river at the foot of the Mont-aux-Sources, 8-9000 ft.,
March, Evans, 756.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Tembuland.

SESUTO: Mosuvane oatnatlapa. The "Mosuvane" of the flat stones.
Molepelle. The hanging one. The leaves are smoked to stop bleeding
of the nose.

S. achilleaefolius, DC.

Doodman's Krans Mtn., and Ben McDhui, 9600-9800 ft., March,
Galpin, 6732 ! 6733.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North. East
Griqualand. Natal.

-ft nf tlir Lerilif Plateau and Environs. 151

S. pinnatifidus, Less.

Natal, Polela, 6-7000 ft,, April, Wood, 4598.
DISTRIBUTION : Piquetberg. Tulbagh.

S. rhyncholaenus, DC.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 5-16 in. high, flowers mauve.
Summer. A. Dieferlen, 408!

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal (Barberton).

SESUTO : Mahoaneny. Meaning unknown. This plant is largely
used by the native witch-doctors. For colds, either the leaves are
smoked, or the plant is burnt and the smoke inhaled. A decoction
prepared from the roots is drunk to relieve colic pains. To cure sore
feet and hands the patient is taken to some running water and incisions
are made in the limbs in which the ash, from the incinerated plant, is
placed. The blood is carried away by the stream and the pain is
supposed to accompany it.

This specimen matches Wood, 5221, from Mooi River, Natal. The
plants from Barberton (Galpin. 1343) and Poudoland (Flanagan,
2576) are less scabrous and almost glabrous.

S. serrulatus, DC. (ex descr.)

Valley above the Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, c, 8100 ft., March,
Galpin, 6734 ! ; Wittebergen, 6-7000 ft., Dreye.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. brachypodus, DC.

Mountain slopes. 3-5 ft. high, flowers yellow. Autumn- Winter.
A. Dieterlen, 723 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. East G-riqualaud.

SESUTO : Lepliijko. Derived from the verb " ho phoka" to drink
a hot beverage by small sips. Used as an infusion for colds and
chest complaints.

S. speciosus, Willd.

Doodmaivs Krans Mtn. and Ben McDlmi, 9300-9600 ft., March,
Galpin, 6714.

See note under S. eoncolor, DC.

S. Baurii, Oliv.

Plains, near Pot River, Maclear District, 4600 ft., March, Galpin,
6730.

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland.

S. Dieterlenii, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 26-80 cm. alta. Folia
4-5-13-5 cm. loiiga, 2-6'5 cm. lata, elliptica, glabra. Peduncuhi*

152 Annul* f tin- Sunlit Afrirnn

30 cm. longus, 'glaber. Capitula in laxa panicula disposita. Brrl<-<'
3-4 mm. longae, lineares vel subulatao, apice aruiae. glabrae. C'/<>-
ful-inii disroidrnm, ciivilor 1"2 cm. longum, T? 1'5 cm. latuin.
Bracteae involucrae circiter U5. !> mm. Imigae, 1 mm. latae. lineares,
apice subacutae, vel obtusae ciliataoque, glabrae, marginatae. Tiilm*
corollae 6 mm. longus. infra rylindratns, supra campanulatus, glaber ;
lobi 75mm. lougi, circiter '5 mm. lati, ovato-oblongi, apice obtusi.
Pappus 6-7 mm. longus, barbellatus. Ovarium 3'5 mm. longum.
1 mm. latum, paullo pubescens ; stylus (3 mm. longus, teres, basi
globosus ; lobi 1-5 mm. longi. FructuskS mm. longus, 75 mm. latus,
teres, costatus, paullo strigosus.

Mountain slopes, flowers yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 674!;
Natal, summit of the Drakensbergen, near Van Eeenen's Pass,
5800 ft., November, flowers yellow, Wood, 4764!

(In Wood's List of Natal Plants, Wood, 4764 is given as 8. awjit-
atus. Linn, f.)

SESUTO : Lekoto la Utsoene. Lelnftn la pula.

An erect subherbaceous plant, 26-80 cm. high, with a woody under-
ground rootstock. Stem leafy, ending in a simple or racemosely
branched peduncle, glabrous. Leaves 4'5-13'5 cm. long, 2-6'5 cm.
broad, elliptic, obtuse, sessile or narrowed at the base into a flattened
petiole, subentire or somewhat lobed, glabrous. Peduncle up to 30cm.
long, striate, glabrous. Capita arranged in a loose panicle. Brftcf*
3-4 mm. long, linear or subulate, subacute, glabrous. Peduncles
8-2'5 cm. long, glabrous. Capifulum discoid, about T2 cm. long and
1-3-1-5 cm. in diameter, obovate in outline, with 1-2 bracteoles at the
base of the involucre. Receptacle slightly cunvex. Involucre of about
13 bracts; bracts 9 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, linear, subacute or obtuse,
shortly ciliated at the apex, glabrous, with membranous margins.
Corolla-tube 6 mm. long, cylindric in the lower half, suddenly widened
into a narrow campanulate portion in the upper half, glabrous ; lobes
75 nun. long, about '5 mm. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse, glabrous.
Pappus 6-7 mm. long, barbellate. Ovary 3'5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad,
linear-oblong in outline, scantily pubescent, many-nerved ; style 6 mm.
long, terete, with a distinct central vein, globose at the base, glabrous ;
lobes 1'5 mm. long. Fruit 4'5 mm. long, 75 mm. broad, terete,
ribbed, strigulose.

Near 8. rhomboideus, Harv., from which it differs in having more
than nine involucral bracts.

S Evansii, N. E. Br.

Natal. Drakensberg Mountains. 6-7000 ft., Evans, 366.
DISTRIBUTION" : Endemic.

> if tlir Lfrilif Tin/run mi/I Kt/rlrot/x. 153

S. Flanaganii. Phillips, sp. nov. (;5 Plantagieui.) Planta simplex,
paullo pilis by ssinis tecta vel glabra. Canlis 5-7 mm. latus, striatus.
Folia caudicis 3'5-26'7 cm. louga, '6-6 cm. lata, lanceolata, apice
o'btiisa, basi angustata, subainplexicaulia, subtus promineo uuicostata ;
juniora interdum pilis byssinis tecta vel glabra ; margines calloso-
dentatae. Brar/,-,/,' 2-3*2 cm. longae, basi 3-5 mm. latae, ovatae,
acuminatae, pilis byssinis tectae. Capitula 1'3 cm. longa, 1'5 cm.
lata, discoidea. Bracteae involucrae circiter 15, 7 mm. lougae,
l'S-2'5 mm. latae, apice obtusae glandulosaeque, glabrae ; margines
menibranaceae. T-ubus corollae 6'5 mm. longus, basi '5 mm. latus
cylindratusque, supra 1'5 mm. latus campamilatusque ; lobi l - 25 mm.
longi, - 75 mm. lati, ovati, apice obtusi. Filament a l - 5 mm. longa,
filiformia, supra dilata ; antherae 2'5 mm. longae, lineares. Pappus
7 mm. lougus, barbellatus, deciduus. Orarium 2'5 mm. longum,
'75 mm. latum, striatum, rostratum, glabrum ; stylus 6'5 mm. longus,
basi bulbaceus, glabt-r ; lobi l - 5 mm. longi.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-5500 ft., December-
January, Bolus, 8193, Flanagan, 2089.

A simple sublierbaceous plant. Stem 5-7 mm. in diameter, ribbed,
sparsely cottony, otherwise glabrous. Lower leaves not seen. Gauline
leaves 3 - 5-26 - 7 cm. long, "6-6 cm. broad, lanceolate, obtuse, narrowing
at the base and subamplexicaule, with callose-dentate margins and a
prominent midrib beneath, the younger leaves sometimes cottony.
Heads arranged in a racemose or panicled manner, the ultimate
branches bearing 2-3 heads. Bracts 2-3'2 cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad
at the base, ovate, acuminate, cottony. Bracteoles '6-1 cm. long,
linear. Heads 1'3 cm. long, 1-5 cm. in diameter, discoid, many-
flowered, calycled at the base. Involucre of about 15 bracts ; bracts
7 mm. long, l - 5-2'5 mm. broad, obtuse, glandular and dark-coloured
at the apex, glabrous, with membranous margins. Receptacle flat,
honeycombed. Corolla-tube 6'5 mm. long, cylindric, and - 5 mm. broad
in the lower half, campanulate and T5 mm. broad in the upper half,
glabrous: lobes 1-.25 mm. long, '75 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse.
Stamens inserted at the junction of the two portions of the
corolla-tube; filaments 1*5 mm. long, filiform, swollen above;
anthers 2'5 mm. long, linear, with an ovate gland at the apex.
Pappus 7 mm. long, barbellate, deciduous. Ovary 2'5 mm. long,
75 mm. broad, terete, striate, beaked, glabrous ; style 6'5 mm.
long, filiform, bulbous at the base, glabrous; lobes 1-5 mm.
long.

Near S. digit alifolms, DC., from which it differs in having radiate
flowers.

154 Amnih of tlir Soufli African

forma glabra.

A typo caulilms foliisque glabris, etiam fioribus capitulisque paullo
minoribus (lift'ert.

This is a perfectly glabrous form without the cottony hairs which
characterise the species. The heads and flowers are slightly smaller,
otherwise similar to the type.

Tembuland, Cheulcwe Mt., between Maclear and Umtata, 3500 ft.
January, Flanaijan, 2656 ; East Griqualand, in stony places near
Maclear, 4700 ft., January, Bolus, 10152.

Although this form does not come with the region dealt with in this
paper, I thought this the proper place to mention it.

S. harveianus, MacOw.

Veld and gardens. 6-26 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 50 ! ; on banks of streams and various localities round
Leribe plateau, Phillips, 533 ! 712 ! 787 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, a small bush,
flowers yellow, Phillips, 934 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Khutoliea. Meaning unknown.

S. launayaefolius, O. Hoffm. (ex descr.)

Natal, Bushman's River Valley, 6-8000 ft,, October, Wood, 10605 !;
near Hoffeuthal, 4000 ft., January, flowers yellow, Wood, 681 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. macrophyllus, Phillips, sp. nov. ( Paucifolii). Planta simplex,
subherbacea, 1 m. alta. Caulis foliaceus, teres, 6-9 mm. latus,
striatus, glaber. Folia sessilia, 9-26'4 cm. longa, 4-5'2 cm. lata,
elliptica, acuminata, apice obtusa, basi auricularia, amplexicauliaque,
subtus promineo unicostata et distincte uervigera, glabra. Capitula in
densum corymbum disposita. Pedunculus 1-1 '5 cm. loiigus, teres,
glaber, nudus vel 1-2-bracteatus. Bracteae 2'5 mm. longae, ovato-
lanceolatae, apice subacutae, concavae, unicostatae, glabrae. Capitula
discoidea, 4-5-florifera. Bracteae involucrae 5, 8 mm. longae, 1*5 mm.
latae, lineares, apice obtusae, trinervigerae, glabrae ; margines mem-
brauaceae. Tubus corollae 6 mm. longus, '5 mm. latus, infra
cylindratus, basi paullo dilatus, supra campauulatus, glaber. Filamenta
1'75 mm. longa, supra dilata, glabra ; antherae 3 mm. longae, lineares.
Pappus 7 mm. longus, barbellatus. Ovarium 3 mm. longum, 1 mm.
latum, oblongum, rostratum, striatum, glabrum ; stylus 1 cm. longus,
glaber, basi bulbaceus ; lobi T5 mm. lougi.

Orange Free State, bank of the Wilge River, near Harrismith,
c. 5000 ft., Februarv, flowers yellow, Wood, 4745 ; Natal, Newcastle

Flora <>f tli>' />///"' Pl1<;in. and Environ*. 155

and De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 5981 ; Estcourt,
3500 ft,, December, Wood, 361*2 ; Houtboscli, Pietersburg District,
c. 5200 ft., February, Bolus, 10993 ; moist places at Lydenburg,
4800 ft,, December, Sclileclder, 3956. (Wood on one of his tickets
states that his No. 4745 == Cooper, 990.)

A tall, simple, subherbaceous plant about 1 m. high. Stem leafy
throughout, terete, 6-9 mm. in diameter, ribbed, glabrous. Leaves
sessile, 9-26'4 cm. long, 4-5 '2 cm. broad, elliptic, shortly acuminate,
obtuse, eared and stem-clasping at the base, dentate, with a prominent
midrib and distinct veining beneath, glabrous. Capitula arranged in
a dense corymbose manner. Peduncles l-l g o cm. long, slender, terete,
glabrous, naked or bearing 1-2 bracts. Bract* 2'5 mm. long, ovate-
lanceolate, subacute, concave, 1 -nerved, glabrous. Gapitulum
discoid, 4-5-flovvered. Involucral bracts 5, 8 mm. long, 1'5 mm. broad,
linear, obtuse, 3-nerved, glabrous, with membranous margins.
Corolla-tube 6 mm. long, '5 mm. broad, cylindric below and somewhat-
dilated at the base, suddenly expanded into a short campanulate tube
above, glabrous ; lobes 4 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse,
glabrous. Stamens inserted on the campamilate portion of the
corolla-tube ; filaments T75 mm. long, filiform, swollen at the apex,
glabrous ; anthers 3 mm. long, linear, with a narrow ovate-lanceolate
gland at the apex. Pappus 7 ram. long, rough. Ovary 3 mm. long,
1 mm. broad, oblong in outline, beaked, ribbed, glabrous; style 1 cm.
long, exserted in old flowers, terete, glabrous, bulbous at the base ;
lobes 1'5 mm. long.

A very distinct plant, near S, isatldeus, DC., and 8. venosus, Harv.
From the former it differs in being leafy throughout and has
differently shaped leaves, and the styles are much more exserted.
From S. venosus, Harv., it differs in the shape of the leaves and in
having only 4-5 flowers in each head. Bolus 10993 was named
S. venosus at Kew.

S. montanus, Phillips, sp. nov. ( Sinuosi.) Planta 18-22 cm..
altus. Folia radicalia 2-27 cm. louga, -6-l"2 cm. lata, elliptica vel
lanceolata, apice obtusa, basi attenuata, Integra, glandulosa mox
glabra; folia caulina -5-2'3 cm. longa, 1-4 mm. lata, liuearia vel
subulata, apice obtusa vel acuta, basi caulem amplexa, glandulosa.
Pedunculus 13'5-20 cm. longus, unicapitatus. Bract eae involucrae
1 cm. lougae, 1-1'5 cm. latae, lineares, apice obtusae, marginatae,
subtus glandulosae. Corolla radii bilabiata ; tubus 8 mm. longus,
5 mm. latus, cylindratus, glaber. Ovarium 2 mm. longum, '5 mm.
latum, lineare; stylus 5 mm. longus, filit'ormis ; lobi 1 mm. lon-i.

156 Annuls of tin' Xnutli Afrlnui Museum.

Tiibuit disci 5 mm. longus, infra cylindratus, supra campanulatus,
glaber ; lobi '7. r > mm. !<>ngi, '5 mm. lali, <>\ati, npice obtusi. FUamenfa
L'nim. longa ; anthcrac 1*3 mm. longae, lineares. Orurl/ini 4 mm.
loiigum, *75 mm. latum, liiieare, circiter 12-costatum, glabrum ; stylus
5 mm. longus, basi globosus ; lobi 1'25 mm. longi. Pappus 5*5 mm.
longus, deciduus.

Summit of the Mont-aux- Sources, 9500 ft., December, Flanagan,
1948.

A simple plant, 18-22 cm. high, with 1 or 2 peduncles and radical
leaves. Radical leaves 2-2*7 cm. long, '6-1*2 cm. broad, elliptic or
lanceolate, obtuse, attenuate at the base, entire, glandular with multi-
cellular hairs which disappear with age ; cauline leaves narrowing
upwards, -5-2*3 cm. long, 1-4 mm. broad, broadly linear to subulate,
obtuse or acute, subamplexicaule, glandular with multicellular hairs.
Peduncles 13'5-20 cm. long, one-headed. Capitulum radiate, 1*7 cni.
long, 2 cm. broad. Receptacle flat, honeycombed. Involucral bracts
1 cm. long, 1-1*5 rnni. broad, linear, obtuse, 1-2-nerved, with mem-
branous margins, densely glandular beneath with multicellular hairs.
Ray-florets blue r, bilabiate (sometimes the lips adhere together),
female. Corolla-tube 4 mm. long, '5 mm. broad, cylindi'ic, glabrous ;
lower limb 8 mm. long, 2*6 mm. broad, linear-oblong or oblanceolate,
rounded and 3-toothed at the apex, glabrous ; upper lip 8 mm. long,
1 mm. broad, obtus*'. Ovary 2 mm. long, '5 mm. broad, linear ; style
5 mm. long, filiform, swollen at the base ; lobes 1 mm. long. Disc-
florets hermaphrodite. Corolla-tube 5 mm. long, cyliudric in the lower
half, campanulate above, glabrous ; lobes '75 mm. long, *5 mm. broad,
ovate, obtuse. Stamens inserted at the widened part of the corolla-
tube ; filaments 1 mm. long, filiform, slightly swollen above; anthers
1*3 mm. long, linear, with an oblong or .elliptic gland at the apex.
Ovary 4 mm. long, '75 mm. broad, linear, about 12-ribbed, glabrous;
style 5 mm. long, filiform, globose at the base, glabrous ; lobes 1*25 mm.
long. Pappus 5*5 mm. long, deciduous.

Near 8. inacroceplialus, DC., from which it differs in only having
one head to each peduncle.

S. napifolius, MacOw.

Eland's Eiver Valley at foot of the Mont-aux-Sources, near Witzie's
Hoek, 6-7000 ft., December, Bolus, 8198 !

DISTRIBUTION: Natal (Weenen County, 4-5000 ft.).

S. seminivea, Wood & Evans.

Eiver banks. A bush 3-4^ ft. high, flowers yellow. Autumn,

Flora of the Leribe Plott-fia tnid Environs. 157

Makokvane, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 802 ! ; top of the Mont-aux-
Sources, 11,000 ft., March, Evans, 752 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Khotoliea eci n<>ka. The " Khotoliea " of the river. Used
as fuel in winter.

This plant apparently only differs from 8. achillaefolia, DC., in
having glandular stems and leaves, and may only be a variety of that
species.

S. subcoriaceus, Schltr.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 2-15 in. high, flowers yellow.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 612 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. Natal. Transvaal (Ermelo, Bethal,
Middleburg, Volksrust) .

SESUTO : Nyvakoane. The small " Ngvako " (a child born after an
elder brother or sister has died). The roots are employed iu various
illnesses and must only be administered by a "Ngvako.''

S. tugelensis. Wood & Evans.

Natal, summit of the Mout-aux-Sources, 11,000 ft., March, Evans,
750 ! ; Doodniau's Krans Mtn., 8900 ft., March, Galpin, 6723 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. subrubriflorus, O. Hoffm. (= S. viscidus, N. E. Br.) (ex descr.}.
Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-6000 ft., December, Bolus,
8197 !, Flanagan, 1885 ! ; Witzie's Hoek, c. 6000 ft,, Thode !
DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal.

S. sp.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8196
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.
A fruiting specimen only.

S. sp.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5800 ft., December, Bolus, 8194

S. sp. (near S. cordifolius, Linn.)

Natal, Bushman's River Valley, 8-9000 ft., October, flowers yellow
Wood, 10663 !

S. sp. (near 8. dregeanus, DC., var discoideus.}

Near Harrismith, 5000 ft., February, Wood, 4754 !
The peduncle is scabrid.

S. sp.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 11,000 ft., Evans, 743 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

158 Annals <</' the />'</?//// Ajricm/

HEETIA,

H. sp.

Near the Buffalo Kiver Waterfall, 7500 ft., March, Galpin, 6740!

EUKYOPS, CW
E. multifolius, DC.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 736 !
DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Clanwilliam. Fraserburg. Albert.
Orange Free State (Bloemf ontein) .

E. oligoglossus, DC.

Basutoland, near the Buffalo Kiver Waterfall, 8100 ft., March,
Galpin, 6735!

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Ceres. Queenstown. Murraysburg.
G-raaff Rienet. Aliwal North.

E. Gandollei, Harv.

Doodmau's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 9200-9900 ft., March,
Galpin, 6736 !

DISTRIBUTION: Queeiistowu, Graaff Eeinet.

E. laterifolius, Less.

Valley above the Buffalo River Waterfall, 8100 ft,, March, Galpin,
6737!

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Beaufort West. Murrays-
burg. Hutchinson. Laingsburg. Albert,

E. Annae, Phillips, sp. nov. (PL IV.) Suffrutex 15-25 cm. altus.
Raml et ramuli glabri. Folia 1'3-1'7 cm. longa, 1 mm. lata, linearia,
apice acuta, glabra. Inflorescentia axillaris. Peduncuhis l'5-2 - 5 cm.
longus, teres, glaber. Bracteae involucrae 5, basi connatae, 4-4'5 mm.
lougae, 1'5 mm. latae, ovatae, acuminatae, apice obtusae, glabrae,
marginatae. Corolla radii 4'2 mm. louga ; tulius "75 mm. lougus, teres,
glaber ; limbus, 3'5 mm. longus, 1'5 mm. latus, oblongus, apice obtusus,
minute 3-dentatus. Ovarliun 1mm. longum, 4-gonum, glabrmn. Corolla
disci 3'75 mm. longa ; tubus 3 mm. longus, infra cylindricus, supra
campanulatus, glaber ; lobi '75 mm. longi, ovati, apice obtusi. Fila-
menta 1 mm. longa ; antherae T5 mm. lougae, liueares. Ovarium
75 mm. lougum, glabrum. Pappus 1 mm. longus, barbatus, caducus.

Qoqolosi Peak on Leribe plateau, January-February, A. Dieterlen,
941, Phillips, 937.

SESUTO : SehlaJcoana se sein/fiu/n/ie. The small " Sehlakoaua."
Sehalahala sa Qoqolosi. The " Qoqolosi Bush." Said to be a very
valuable medicine, also enters largely into the preparation of charms.

Flora of thr Leribe Plateau and Environs. 159

A small shrub 15-20 cm. high. Branches and branchlets glabrous.
Leaves 1"3-17 cm. loug, 1 mm. broad, linear, acute, glabrous. Capitula
axillary, massed at the end of the branchlets. Peduncles 1-5-2-5 cm.
long, terete, glabrous. Involucre of 5 bracts united at the base ; bracts
4-4-5 mm. long, 1'5 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate, obtuse, glabrous,
with narrow membranous margins. Receptacle honeycombed. L'ui/-
florets female. Corolla-tube '75 mm. long, terete, glabrous, limb 3'5 mm.
long, 1'5 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse, minutely 3-toothed at the apex,
4-nerved. Ovary 1 mm. long, 4-angled, glabrous. Disc florets herma-
phrodite. Corolla-tube 3 mm. long, cylindric in the lower half, cam-
pauulate above, glabrous; lobes '75 mm. long, ovate, obtuse. Stamens
inserted in the widened portion of the corolla-tube ; filaments 1 mm.
long ; anthers 1*5 mm. long, linear, with an ovate appendage at the
apex. Ovary 75 mm. long, terete, glabrous. Pappus 1 mm. long,
barbate, caducous.

In appearance this species is very similar to E. linifolius, DC., but
can readily be distinguished from it by the fact that the involucre is
only made up of 5 bracts, which are not strongly 3-ribbed. The shape
of the disc-floret is also very different.

E. Evansii, Schltr.

Slopes of high mountains, Pitseng, Leribe District. 4-8 ft. high,
flowers yellow. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 465 ! ; summit of
Drakensberg, March, Evans, 752.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Sehlakoana. Meaning unknown. The stem is burnt and
smoked as a cure for headache.

The species described by the late Dr. M. Wood (Kew Bull., 1914,
335) as E. Dieterlenii is this species.

E. Galpinii, Phillips, sp. nov. Rami et rarnuli glabri. Folia
ericaea, patentia, 3-4 mm. longa, basi '5-1 mm. lata et saepe margiui-
bus glaudulosis, super plana, subtus convexa, apice acuta mucronata-
que. Capitula solitaria, axillaria, 4-5 mm. longa, circiter 1 cm. lata.
Pedunculus 1-3-2-5 cm. longus, teres, glaber. Bract eae involucrae 8,
conuatae, trinervigerae, glabrae ; tubus 2 - o mm. longus, 3 mm. latus,
campauulatus ; lobi l'5-2 mm. lougi, ovati, apice acuti vel subaeuti
glandulosique. Flores radii 6'25 mm. longi; tubus '75 mm. longus,
cylindratus, glaber ; limbus 5'5 mm. longus, 3 mm. latus, ellipticus,
apice obtusus et tridentatus. Ovarium 1 mm. longum, '5 mm. latum,
obovatum, glabrum ; stylus 1*5-2 mm. lougus, teres ; lobi -5 mm.
longi. Pappus 175 mm. longus, barbellatus, deciduus. Flores disci
2'6 mm. longi; tubus 2'5 mm. lougus, infra cylindratus, supra

160 Annul* of flu- Mouth African

campanulatus, glaber ; lobi 1 unn. longi, - 5 nun. lati, ovati, obtusi.
Fil-aiiiettfa '75 mm. longa, filiformis ; untherae 1 nun. longae, lineares.
Ovarlinii '75 nun. longum, "3 mm. latnin, oblongum, glabrum ; stylus
2'5 nun. longus, teres, apice bifid ns, basi subglobosus. Pappus
1'75 mm. lougus, bai'bellatus, dcciduus.

Tsitsa Footpath on the Drakensbergen, District Maclear, c.
8200 ft.. Galpin, 6739.

Branches and branch lets glabrous. Leaves ericoid, horizontal,
3-4 mm. long, '5-1 mm. broad at the base, flat above, keeled beneath,
acute, mucronate, expanded and flattened at the base, glabrous,
usually with a few stalked glands on the margins. Capitula solitary,
axillary, 4-5 mm. long, about 1 cm. wide when measured across the
rays. Peduncle l - 3 2'5 cm. long, terete, glabrous. Involucre of
8 connate 3-nerved glabrous scales ; tube 2'5 mm. lung, 3 mm. wide,
campanulate ; lobes 1 '5- "2 mm. long, ovate, acute or subacute, with a
few glandular hairs at the apex. Ray-florets female; tube '75 mm.
long, cylindric, glabrous; limb 5'5 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, elliptic,
obtuse, bluntly 3-toothed at the apex. Ovary 1 mm. long, '5 mm.
broad, obovate in outline, glabrous; style l - 5 2 mm. long, terete;
lobes '5 mm. long. Pappus 1'75 mm. long, barbellate, deciduous.
Disc-florets hermaphrodite; tube 2 - 5 mm. long, narrow-cylindric in
the lower half, broadly campanulate above; lobes 1 mm. long, - 5 mm.
broad, ovate, obtuse. Stamens inserted at the junction of the two
portions of the corolla-tube; filaments - 75 mm. long, filiform ; anthers
1 mm. long, linear. Ovary - 75 mm. long, '3 mm. broad, oblong in
outline, glabrous ; style 2'5 mm. long, terete, bifid at the apex, sub-
globose at the base. Pappus T75 mm. long, bai-bellate, deciduous.

Allied to E. oligoglossus, DC., from which it differs in the
peduncles being much longer than the leaves and by having glabrous
ovaries.

E. montanus, Scliltr.

Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg, 9200 ft,. March, Galpin, 6738 ! ; stony
places on the summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, c. 9000ft., Jauuaiy, an
erect or prostrate shrub, Thode, 30 !, 9800-10,000 ft., January, Bolus,
6393 ! Flanagan, 1949 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. multinervis, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1994!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 161

E. pedunculatus, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6400-6700 ft., Deceinber, Bolus,
8204! Fhimigciti, 1854 !; Natal, Oliver's Hoek, 4-5000 ft.. January,
Wood, 3601 : Hlatikulu, 6-7000 ft., January, Evans, 397.

DISTRIBUTION; Transvaal (Houtbosch, Zoutpansberg) . Orange
Free State (no locality).

The specimens collected by Bolus and Flanagan are more robust
than those described by Mr. Brown.

E. setiloba, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Solus,
8203 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal (Newcastle).

E. Tysonii, Phillips, sp. nov. Rami dense foliiferi. Folia imbri-
cata, '8-l'8 cm. longa, 2-5 mm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, lanceolata vel
lineari-lanceolata, raro linearia, apice obtusa, coriacea, glabra.
Capitula axillaria. Pedunculus 2'5-4 cm. longus, teres, glaber. Invo-
lucrum campanulatum, 6-8-bracteatum, glabrum ; tubus 5 mm. longus,
basi rotundus ; lobi 1-1'5 mm. longi, ovati, apice obtusi et glandulosi.
Tubus radii l'5-2'5 mm. longus, cylindratus, glaber ; limbus 7-1 cm.
longus, 2 '5-5 mm. latus, oblougus vel oblongo-ellipticus, apice obtusus
et tridentatus, 4-nerviger. Ovarium 1*5-3 mm. longum, '5-1 '5 mm-
latum, lineare, glabrum. Tubus disci 3*5-4 mm. longus. infra cylin-
dratus, supra campanulatus, glaber: lobi 1 mm. longi, ovati, apice
obtusi. Pappus 2*5-3 mm. longus, barbellatus, deciduus. Filamenta
1*5 mm. louga ; antherae 1'75 mm. longae, lineares. Ovarium
1*5-2*5 mm. longum, -5 mm. latum, lineare, glabrum ; stylus 4 mm.
lougus, teres, glaber, basi dilatus ; lobi 5 mm. longi, apice ciliati.

On the banks of the Eland's River, near the Mont-aux- Sources,
6000 ft., January. Flanagan, 2120; rocky places (" krantzes,") near
and at the top of Plattberg, Harrismith, c. 7200 ft.. January, Thode ;
in stony places, Mt. Currie, 6000 ft., February, Tyson, 1495.

Branches terete, densely leafy, glabrous, rough with the remains of
leaf -scars on the older portions. Leaves imbricate, '8-1*8 cm. long.
2-5 mm. broad, ovate- lanceolate, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, rarely
linear, obtuse, with a sunken midrib beneath, coriaceous, glabrous.
Capitula axillary, arranged in a racemose manner at the ends of the
branchlets. Peduncles 2'5-4 cm. long, terete, glabrous. Involucre
campanulate, of 6-8 scales, glabrous ; tube 5 mm. long, rounded at
the base ; lobes 1-1 '5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, glandular at the tip.
Ray-floret* female. Corolla-tube 1*5-2*5 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ;
limb 7-1 cm. long, 2*5-5 mm. broad, oblong or oblong-elliptic,

11

162 Annals of flu- tf<inth African

obtuse, 3-toothed at the apex, 4-nerved. Ovary l - 5 3 mm. long,
5-1-5 mm. broad, linear or oblong in outline, glabrous. Disc-florets
hermaphrodite. Corolla-tube :>-5-4 mm. long, cjlindric in the lower
half, campauulate in the upper, glabrous ; lobes 1 mm. long, ovate,
obtuse. Pappus deciduous, 2 - 5-3 mm. long, barbellate. Stamens
inserted at the junction of the two portions of the corolla-tube; fila-
ments T5 mm. long, filiform ; anthers 1'75 mm. long, linear, with ail
ovate gland at the apex. Ovary l'5-2'5 mm. long, '5 mm. broad,
linear in outline, glabrous ; style 4 mm. long, filiform, terete, glabrous,
swollen at the base ; lobes - 5 mm. long, ciliate at the apex.

Closely allied to E. laterifolius, Less., from which it may be distin-
guished by the involucral scales being joined for at least five-sixths
of their length, and the ovaries being quite glabrous.

var. Dieterlenii, Phillips, var. nov.

A typo pedunculis 1*2 cm. lougis et involucris 4-dentatis differt.

This is distinguished from the type by the peduncle being less than
twice as long as the leaves (up to T2 cm. long), and the involucre being
4-dentate.

Mountain slopes at Sehonghong, Leribe District. Flowers yellow.
Summer (February). A. Dieterlen, 904.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SBSUTO : "Sehlakoana se senyenyane. The small " Sehlakoana."

OTHONNA, Linn.
0. natalensis, Sch. Bip.

Veld and plateau. 8-22 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-Summer,
8-22 in. high, A. Dieterlen, 356 ! ; Mont-aux- Sources, 6000 ft., A. Bolus
in Herb. Guthrie, 4850 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. East Grriqualand. Natal. Trans-
vaal (Belfast, Irene).

SESUTO : NaTca. A horn. Phela. Live. The roots are used as a
vermifuge for calves suffering with intestinal worms.

0. scapigera, Harv.

Summit of Satsamia Peak, Drakeusberg, Mount Fletcher District,
c. 9550 ft., March, Galpin, 6741 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Grriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Heidelburg.
Barberton).

DIMOKPHOTHECA. Moench.
D. caulescens, Harv.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6290-6700 ft., December, Bolus,
8205 ! Flanagan, 1857 ; summit of the Mont-aux-Sourcea, 9500 ft.,

Flora of the Leribc Plateau and Environ*. 163

January, rays purple above, yellow beneath, Flanagan, 1956 ! ; Ben
McDhui, c. 9900 ft., March, Galpin, 6742 !
DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Natal (Mt. Ingogo, 5000 ft.).

D. Barberiae, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 7-15 in. high, flowers white, cream and
pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 159 !

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg. Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Belfast, Lydenburg, Barberton, Devil's Kantoor).

SESUTO .- Phela. Live. Bohlahlo and Molilalo. The cause of good-
fortune.

D. Zeyheri, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-6 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 568 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albert.

SESUTO : Khotoliea. Meaning unknown.

OSTEOSPEEMUM, Linn.
0. moniliferum, Linn.

Mountain slopes. A shrub 4-7 ft. high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 570 !

DISTRIBUTION : Common in the Western Province and also in
Kuysna, Uitenhage, Albany, Komgha, Pondoland, Natal.

SESUTO : Ntlo ea lekhoaba. The house of the rook. Monokotsvai oa
makhoaba. The mulberry of the rooks. The natives believe that
the leafy branches will cure a madman if burnt in his hut.

0. muricatum, E. Mey.

Veld, near road from Berea to Qoloheng, flowers yellow. April.
A. Dieterlen, 990 !

DISTRIBUTION: Stellenbosch. Beaufort West. Aliwal North. Natal.
Zululand. G-riqualand West. Transvaal (Pietersburg, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Motlapa-tsunyana. He who provokes the wind.

UKSINIA, Gaertn.
U. montana, DC.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-10 in. high, flowers yellow.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 273 !; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500-
11,000 ft., January-March, Flanagan, 1953 ! Evans, 744 ! ; Drakens-
bergeii, 6-7000 ft., February, flowers yellow, Wood, 9808 ! ; Ben
McDhui, 9000-9900 ft., March, Galpin, 6743 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom.

SESUTO : Lsabo. A portion or ration.

164 Annals of the South Afrirmi Mn>tri<>.

U. annua, Less.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 4^15 in. high, dowers yellow.
Summer Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 342 ! ; Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-
Afnc., 4675 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Woi'cester. Graaff Keinet.
Albert. Stockenstroom. Orange Free State (Senekal).

SESUTO : Sehalikane. Derived from the verb " ho halika " to
roast. (The natives say that the plant smells like something being
roasted.) The plant is incinerated, ground to a powder and mixed
with fat for making an ointment, used by women and girls.

U. brevicaulis, Wood & Evans.

Natal, Drakensberg, 6000 ft., Wood, 9808.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

U. punctata, B. & M.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, January, Wood, 3608.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

U. subintegrifolia, Bolus.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400-6700 ft., December, Bolus,
8206! Flanagan, 1851!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

LANDTIA, Legs.

L. sp. cf. L. Riippellii, Benth. & Hook.

Edge of streamlets, Ben McDhui, 8500-9000 ft., March, Galpin,
6744!

The specimen in the Bolus Collection is without flowers. Mr. Galpin
notes that the " mature plants have leaves, with peduncle 12-15 in.
long, fleshy, scape 2 inches, flowers yellow."

HAPLOCARPHA, Less.
H. scaposa, Harv.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 12-30 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 55 ! ; mountain slopes between the
Mission Station and Jonathan's Village, rays yellow, common,
Phillips, 552 ! Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood,
3595.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Aliwal North. Koingha. East
Griqualand, Bechuanaland. Transvaal (Barberton, Potchefstroom,
Aapies Eiver, MacMac).

Flora of f/if Leribe Plateau a ml Kmiirons. 165

SESUTO: Papt't/nf. Derived from the verb "ho papetla " to
flatten. Lengoak<>. An orphan (so called because the stem bears a
single flower) . Lisebu. Backbitings. Leshala. An ember. Liteno.
An article of a woman's toilet. The crushed leaves are used by raw
native women as an article of their toilet. Also used by the witch-
doctors when consulting the divining bones.

ARCTOTIS, Linn.
A. stoechadifolia. Berg.

Veld and sides of dongas. -425 in. high, flowers white and mauve.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 426 !

DISTRIBUTION: Clanwilliam. Cape. Humansdorp. Prince Albert.
Murraysburg. Colesberg. Aliwal North. Albert. Bechuanaland.
Orange Free State (Bloemfontein, Senekal).

SESUTO : Putsoa-pulnlu e kholo. The large, grey old man.

VEN1DIUM, Less.
V. arctotoides. Less.

Veld. 2-13 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 51 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5500 ft., November, Wood, 4688 !
DISTRIBUTION : Transkei.
SESUTO : Putsoa-pululu. A grey old man.

V. microcephalum. DC.

Natal, Buffalo River, Gerrard & Mr Ken, 1014, March, Evans, 741 .-
Ben McDhui, 9200 ft., March, Gal-pin, 6745.

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Queenstown.

GAZANIA, Gaertn.
G. longiscapa, DC.

Ben McDhui, 9600 ft., March, Galpin, 6746 !

DISTRIBUTION : Malmesbury. Cape. Queenstown. Cradock.
G-raaff Reinet. Aliwal North.

G. serrulata, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-12 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 160 ! ; west slopes of plateau and Qoqolosi
Peak, rays yellow, common, Phillips, 625 ! 985 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Bechuanaland. Transvaal (Middleburg,
Vereeniging. Errnelo).

SESUTO : Tsikitlane. Derived from the verb " ho tsikitlana " to
become stiff from cold. Palesa e bitosa shoeshoe. The flower is called
" shoeshoe." 'J'he woolly hairs stripped from under the surface of the

166 Annals of the South African Museum.

leaves are rolled into threads from which the skirts, worn round the
waist by young girls, are made. Formerly all the Basuto women wore
these "skirts," known as " Shethana " when made up. The plant,
crushed and mixed with water and put in the ears, is a native cure for
ear-ache.

Dieterlen, 160, differs from Phillips, 985 (and also from the
description of G. serrulata, DC., ' Fl. Cap.' iii, 475) in having the
peduncles longer than the leaves, and the leaves glandular-setose
above, but 1 can find no difference in the floral structure.

G. armerioides, DC.

Mountain slopes at Machache. Thaba-Bosin District. Flowers
white. January. A. Dieterlen, 894 ! ; plateau on summit of Drakens-
berg between Doodman's Krans and Satsanna Berg, 8750 ft., March,
growing in dense tufts up to 12 in. in diameter, Galpin, 6747!;
Witteber^en, 7-8000 ft., Drege !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. Natal. Transvaal (Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Shoeshoe ea loti. The " shoeshoe" of the high mountain.

BEEKHEYA, Ehr.

B. grandiflora, Willd., var. alternifolia.

Slopes of Machache Mountain, Leribe District. January. A.
Dieterlen, 893 ! ; slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, above the Eland's
Eiver Valley, 8000 ft., January, Flanagan, 1945 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources,
8000 ft., April, E. Dyke in Herb. Marloth, 5435! in Herb. Musei
Austro-Afric., 5515 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Ntsoantsart?. Derived from the verb " ho ts6ants6 " to
describe.

B. setifera, DC.

Mountain slopes. 2-3i ft. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 234 ! ; mountain slopes between the Mission Station and
Jonathan's Village, also at Left's Kloof on N.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, common, Phillips, 563 ! 841 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8211 ! ; Eland's Eiver Valley, near
the Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., December, Flanagan, 1957 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Orange Free State (no
locality). Transvaal (Barberton, Carolina).

SESUTO : Leme-la-khomo. The tongue of an ox (so called on account
of the rough upper surface of the leaf). Ntgoantsaue (see B. Kuntzeli,
Schltr.).

B. alba, Phillips, sp. nov. Suffrutex 1-1 '5 m. altus. Rami lanati

Flo rn <>f tlif LerH>f P1<ift><nt and Environs. 167

vel glabri. Folia 5 - 5-17 cm. louga, 2-6'5 cm. lata, obovato-oblonga,
apice plus minusve truncata vel acuta, basi decurrentia, pinnati-lobata,
spinosa, subtus dense lanata. Garpitulwm radiatum, 3-7 cm. latum.
Bracteae involuorae, apice spinosae, subtus dense albo-tomentosae.
Corolla radii .alba, 2'5 cm. longa, 4'5 mm. lata, oblongo-liuearis, apice
4-deutata, subtus paullo glanduloso-pubescens. Corolla disci 8 mm.
louga, supra cylimlrata, paullo glandulosa. Pappus coroniformis ;
squamae "5 mm. lougae. Ovarium 2 nun. longum, glabrum ; stylus
9 mm. longus, filifonnis, pubesceus ; lobi 2 mm. lougi, lineai'es, apice
obtusi, pubescentes. Fru.etH* 4 in in. longus, 4-gonus, glaber.

Slopes of Qoqolosi Peak on plateau above the Mission Station,
January-February, A. Dieferlen, 940, PhiUij)-^, 981.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Ntsoantsane e tsoex. The Avhite " Ntsoantsane." Mohata
o ntosoeu. The white "Mohata." Used as a charm for procuring
things wished for.

A bush, 3-4 ft. high. Branches angular, cobwebby, becoming more
or less terete and glabrous above. Leaves 5-5-17 cm. long, 2-6'5 cm.
broad, obovate-oblong in outline, more or less truncate or acute at the
apex, decurrent at the base, pinnati-lobed, the main nerve and the
lateral nerves excurrent into yellow pungent spines '7-1 cm. long,
glabrous or faintly cobwebby above, densely clothed with white felt
beneath. Inflorescence 3-7 cm. in diameter, in a loose leafy panicle
at the end of the branches. Outer itivolucral bracts up to 3 cm. long,
produced into a long pungent spine, entire, with a few marginal
spines, faintly cobwebby above and densely albo-tomentose be eath.
Receptacle 1*6 cm. in diameter, convex, honeycombed ; the edges of the
membranous cups timbriated and produced into long hairs. Ray-
Horetx neuter. Corolla white, 2'5 cm. long, 4'5 mm. broad, oblong-
linear, 4-toothed at the apex, narrowed and tubular at the base,
9-nerved, sparsely glandular pubescent without. Disc-floret* herm-
aphrodite. Corolla yellow, 8 mm. long, cylindric above, narrowed in
the lowermost third, sparsely glandular ; corolla lobes 4 mm. long,
linear, obtuse. Stamens inserted about half-way down the corolla-
tube : filaments 1 mm. long, filiform ; anthers 5'5 mm. long, linear, with
a lanceolate obtuse gland at the apex, sagittate at the base. Pappu*
a crown of acute scales, '5 mm. long. Ovary 2 mm. long, oblong in
outline, glabrous ; style 9 mm. long, filiform, slightly swollen at the
base, finely pubescent ; lobes 2 mm. long, linear, very slightly broadened
above, obtuse, finely pubescent, Fruit 4 mm. long, 4-angled, glabrous,
crowned with the persistent pappus.

Differs from all other species of Berkheya by having white flowers,

168 Annals <>f fir Hiiutli African Museum.

B. bilabiata, N. E. Br.

Natal, in a valley near Van Eeeuen's Pass, 5-6000 ft., March. W<1.
5605.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. latifolia, Wood & Evans.

Natal, side of hill between Van Reenen and De Beer's Pass, June,
Wood, 5960.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. Kuntzeii, O. Hoffm.

Mountain slopes and ravine. 10-25 in high, flowers yellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 44 ! 891 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe
plateau, flowers yellow, Phillips, 575 !

DISTRIBUTION : Aliwal North.

SESUTO -. Ntsoantsane. Derived from the verb " ho-ts6antso " to
describe. Sehlohlo se seholo. The big "sehlohlo." Used as a decoc-
tion in illness to pacify a nervous patient. The young leaves are
cooked and eaten as a vegetable.

B. Evansii, Schltr.

Natal, Drakensberg, 6000 ft., February, Evans, 611.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. montana, Wood & Evans.

Mountain slopes. 25-40 in. high, flowers yellow. Autumn. Mala-
vaneng, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 843!; Natal, summit of the
Drakensberg, near Van Eeenen, Wood, 5605 ; between Van Reenen
and De Beer's Pass, March, Wood, 6978.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Mohatollo. He who relieves. A lotion for bruises is pre-
pared from the roots.

B. (Stobaea cirsiifolia, DC.)

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8209 ! ;
Doodman's Krans Mtn., 8800 ft., March, Galpin, 6753 ! ; near Buffalo
River Waterfall, Basutoland, 8100 ft,, March, Galpin, 6752 ! : Witte-
bergen, 6-7000 ft., Drege !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. (S. onopordifolia, DC.)

Veld. 12-35 in. high, flowers bright yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 627 !

DISTRIBUTION : Beaufort West, Orange Free State (Bloemfonteiu).
Transvaal (Standerton).

Fl<ir <//' tlir Li'rllii- P1<(ffnn mnl Environs. 169

SBSUTO : Mohatn. Derived from the verb " ho hato " to oppress.
Used as a charm to detect an evildoer and prevent him from doing
harm. The native doctors use the plant in many feverish illnesses.
Together with E>i/>)i<>rlm Jmsuflni it is said by the natives to cure
leprosy.

B. (S. multijuga, DC.)

Slopes of high mountains. 25-40 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer.

A. Dieterlen, 864 ! ; summit of the Mont-aux- Sources, 9500 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2199! 2119! (Flanagan distributed the plant under both
these numbers) ; Doodmaii's Krans Mtn., 8800 ft., March, Galpin,
6751 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Ntsfiantsane ea Inti. The " Ntsoaiitsane " of the high
mountain.

B. (S. aristosa, DC.)

High mountain slopes. 20-32 in. high, flowers yellow, December,
A. Dieterlen, 863 ! ; Natal, Tabanhlope, 6000 ft,, October, flowers
yellow, Wood, 10640 ! ; summit of Pot Eiver Berg, 5800 ft., March,
Galpin, 6750 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembulaud. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Papetloane e mentloa. The prickly " Papetloane."

STEPHANOCOMA, Leas.

S. carduoides, Less.

Hillsides, Maclear, besides streamlets, 4700 ft., March, Galpin, 6749.

DISTRIBUTION: George. Somerset East. Komgha. East Griqua-
land.

CNICUS, Linn.

C. lanceolatus, Willd.

Eoadsides and round villages. 1-3 ft. high, flowers violet. Autumn.
Morija. A. Dieterlen, 499 ! ; ravine between the Mission Station and
Jonathan's Village, growing under a rock-shelter where cattle sleep,
flowers pink, Phillips, 759 !

DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed.

SESUTO : Ntsuantsdne. Derived from the verb '" ho tsoantsa " to
draw or depict. Said to have been introduced from the Cape Colony
in forage used for the horses of the troops during the "Gun War " of
1880.

170 Ain/aJs i if the South African Mutt n m.

DICOMA, On SK.
D. macrocephala, DC.

Natal, upper Tugela. 4-5000 ft., January, rare. Wood, 3618.
DISTRIBUTION: Orange Free State (Bloemhof). Transvaal (Watcr-
burg).

D. anomala, Soud.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-2U in. high, flowers mauve. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 58 ! ; slopes between the Mission Station and Jonathan's
Village, and on west slopes of Leribe plateau, a creeper growing under
rocks, flowers pinkish, Phillips, 572 ! 715 ! ; banks Klein Pot River,
Maclear District, 4550 ft., March, Galpin, 6754.

DISTRIBUTION: Albany. Aliwal North. Stutterheim. Natal. Orange
Free State (Bloemfontein). Transvaal (Potchefstroom, Johannesburg,
Rustenburg, Aapie's River).

SESUTO : Kloenya. To change colour or to blush. Used as a
medicine for colic and toothache.

var. cirsioides.

Natal, Drakensberg, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 3596.

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Wonderboompoort, Aapie's River).

GERBERA, Qron.

G. piloselloides, Cass.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-20 in. high, flowers pale yellow.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 153 ! 518 ! ; Natal. Van Reeueu,
5-6000 ft., November, Wood, 4772.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Stockeustroom. King William's
Town. Komgha. Tembuland. East G-riqualaud.

SESUTO : Moihuntsetso. He who makes smoke rise. Tsebe ea pela.
The rock-rabbit's ear. The plant is used to fumigate the hut of a
person suffering with a cold in the head.

G. ambigua, Sch. Bip.

Mont-aux-Sources, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4859 ! ; Natal, Mooi
River District, 4-5000 ft., October, Wood, 5469.

DISTRIBUTION : Port Elizabeth. Albany. East Qriqualand. Natal.
Transvaal (Germiston).

G. viridifolia, Sch. Bip.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-25 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Autumn, A. Dieterlen, 168 !

Flor of Hi? Jjfrthf Pldtrmi mill EnvirnitK. 171

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Koingha. Transkei. East G-riqualand.
Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Barhertou).

SESUTO : Moarubtixo. He who fumigates. Ripa-litliata. Cutting
hard things. Sebuko. An assembly. The smoke from a burning-
plant is inhaled as a cure for cold in the head.

G. natalensis, Sch. Bip.

Natal, Polela, 5-6000 ft,, July, Evans, 515.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

This name in the ' Flora Capensis ' is sunk under G. virldifolia, but
Wood in his list of Natal Plants keeps them separate.

G. Kraussii, Sch. Bip.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5900 ft., December, Bolus, 8210 !
DISTRIBUTION: Transkei. Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton).

G. parva, N. E. Br. (= G. alticola, Bolus).

Summit of the Mout-aux-Sources, c. 10,000 ft., October, G. Mann in
Herb. Marloth, 2879 ! ; Natal, Giant's Castle, c. 9000 ft,, November,
A Bolus in Herb. Bolus ! ; Drakeusberg Mtns., 6500 ft,, July, Evans, 57.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

G. sp.

Natal. Bushman's River Pass, 10-12,000 ft., December, Thode.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

HIERACIUM, Linn.
H. capense, Linn.

Veld, mountain slopes, and plateau. 10-25 in. high, flowers yellow.
Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 293 ! ; common in various places round
the Leribe plateau. Phillips, 545 ! 546 ! 562 ! 834 ! 866 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. G-raaff Reinet. Transkei. Natal. Transvaal
(Belfast).

SESUTO : Fukuthoane. Meaning unknown. Used as a vegetable in
the young state.

var. microcephala.

Natal, Upper Tugela, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood. 3629.
DISTRIBUTION : Bugersdorp. Aliwal North.

CREPIS, Linn.

C. polyodon, Phillips, comb. nov. (PI. VI, fig. 3). Planta acaule-
scens. Folia radicalia, 3-12 cm. longa, '3-2 cm. lata, liuearia, lauceo-
lato-linearia vel oblanceolato-oblonga, apice acuta vel rotunda, basi

172 Atnifih of Hie Smith African

angustata, paullo pubescentia aliquando glabra ; margines dentatae
v<>! incisae. Pi'</iuirii/t<x simplex vel supra aliquando basi aliquando
ram is dift'imdus, sulcatus, glanduloso-pubescens vel glaber. Capltida
1-1-2 cm. louga, 1'2 cm. lata. Bnirf<;' ('< '1 cm. louga, lineares, apice
subacutae, glabra vel glanduloso-pubescentes. Bracteae-involucrae
1-2 cm. longae, 2-5-3 mm. latae, ovato-lineares, apice subtruncatae,
concavae, subtus glandulosae ; margines membranaceae. Tubus
<-or/l<ir 4 mm. longus, '5 mm. latus, cylindratus, glaber ; limbus
6'5 mm. longus, T5 mm. latus, linearis, apice truiicatus, 3-dentatus.
Fihtmt'iitii 1'5 mm. louga: antherae 4 mm. longae, lineares, basi
sagittatae. Pappus 7 mm. longus, barbellatus. Ovarium 1-5-4 mm.
longum, -5 mm. latum, lineare, supra angustatum ; stylus 1 cm.
longus, supra pubescens. Fructus '9-1 cm. longus, supra attenuatus,
10-costatus, pubesceus.

Philipstown and Katrivier, October, EcJclon ; Basutoland, veld and
mountain slopes. 5-20 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring. A. Dieter-
Ifii. 500: Komgha, 2000ft,, December, Flanagan, 895; East Griqua-
laud, round Kokstad, 5000 ft., October-December, Tyson, 1097,
1588, Tyson in Herb. Norm. Amtro-Afric., 467; Transvaal (Saddle-
Lack Mtu., Barbertou), 4-4500 ft,, September, Galpin, 1027.

An acaulescent plant with a thick woody subterranean stem, simple
or sometimes branched below the ground. Leaves radical, 3-12 cm.
long, '3-2 cm. broad, linear, lanceolate-linear or oblanceolate-oblong,
acute or rounded at the apex, narrowed at the base, entire or with
toothed or incised margins, sparsely pubescent, sometimes almost
glabrous. Peduncles 1-3 to each stem, simple or branched above,
sometimes branched almost at the base, ribbed, glandular-pubescent
to almost glabrous. Capitula 1-10 to each peduncle, when more than
one then arranged in a racemose manner on the peduncle, L'l-2 cm.
long, 1-2 cm. in diameter, ovate in outline. Bracts '6-2 cm. long,
linear, subacute, glabrous or pubescent with gland-tipped hairs.
Involucre 2-seriate, bracteolate at the base with 3-6 linear glandular
bracts. Involucral bracts 1-2 cm. long, 2'5-3 mm. broad, ovate-linear,
almost truncate at the apex, concave, glandular on the keel beneath,
with membranous margins. Receptacle flat, nude. Corolla-tube 4mm.
long, '5 mm. broad, cylindric, glabrous ; limb 6'5 mm. long, 1*5 mm.
broad, linear, truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Filaments 1'5 mm.
long ; anthers 4 mm. long, linear, with an ovate obtuse gland at the
apex, tailed at the base. Pappus 7 mm. long, barbellate. Ovary
1-5-4 mm. long, '5 mm. broad, linear in outline, narrowed above and
expanded into a disc bearing the pappus (when young the ovary is
oblong and not produced into a distinct neck) ; style 1 cm. long, fili-

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 173

form, terete, pubescent in the uppermost third ; lobes T5 mm. long,
terete, pubescent. Fruit '9-1 cm. long, semiterete, narrowed above,
10-ribbed, minutely pubescent. Hieracium capense, Fries. Epic. Hier.,
p. 67 ; Flora Capensis, iii, 530.

This is described in the ' Flora Capensis ' as a Hieracium, but the
character of the fruit would remove it from this genus to Crepis as
first pointed out by the late Dr. Bolus in manuscript. Mr. Gralpin
notes on his ticket " Klatt reported this as Hypochaerisglabra, Linn.";
the nude receptacle, however, would remove it from this genus.
Specimens were distributed as Crepis polyodon, Bolus, in the Herb.
Norm. Austro-Afric., No. 467.

LACTUCA, Linn.

L. eapensis, Thunb.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-24 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 25 ! ; Lett's Kloof, on N.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, Phillips, 840 ! ; south slopes of Leribe plateau above Khauiane,
Phillips, 882 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Port Elizabeth. Graaff Eeiuet. Molteno.
Albert. Komgha. Natal. Transvaal (Rustenburg, Potchefstroom,
Pretoria) .

SESUTO : Kholoboto and Lekoloboto. Meanings unknown. Eaten as
a vegetable when young.

SONCHUS, Linn.

S. ecklonianus, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-20 in. high, flowers yellow. A.
Dieterlen, 571 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Leharasvana. The ragged one. Cooked as a vegetable in
the young state.

S. integrifolius, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 155 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal
(Pretoria, Volksrust).

SESUTO : NaJca la tholo. The horn of the eland. Sethokoyane se
seholo. The big " sethokoyane." Used as a vegetable in the young
state.

174 Anah <>/ thr 8<>nth African Museum.

S. nanus, Sond.

Veld and mountain slopes. 1-3 in. high, flowers yellow. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlett, 34!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic ?

SESUTO : Setkokoyane. Meaning unknown. One of the first spring
plants, and very much 1 iked by the natives as a vegetable.

S. oleraceus, Linn.

Mountain slopes and river banks. 6-86 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 120 ! 673 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Graaff Beinet. Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Leshabe. Derived from the verb " ho-shaba " to eat with
(bread or other food). Bono-sa-lekhoaba. The tail of the crow.
Very much appreciated as a vegetable by the natives, who eat the
cooked plant with bread.

CAMPANULACEAE.

LOBELIA, Linn.
L. Preslii, A. DC.

Mountain slopes at Malavaneug, Leribe District, flowers blue and
purple. January. A. Dieterlen, 933!; Natal, Mawahqua Mountain,
6-7000 ft., April, Wood, 4620 ; Ben McDhui and Doodmau's Krans
Mountain, 9500-9800 ft., March, Gatyin, 6755.

DISTRIBUTION : Murraysburg. Tembulaud. East Griqualaud.

SESUTO : Malilo a Konyana a luti. The " Mahlo a Konyana " of the
high mountain.

L. decipiens, Sond.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 6-15 in. high, flowers blue and
dark violet. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 414 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus, 8213 ! Flanagan, 1889 ! ; Drakens-
bergeu, 7000 ft., A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4865 !

DISTRIBUTION : Swelleudam. Uitenhage. Albany. King William's
Town. Komgha. Transkei. Natal. Zululand. Transvaal (Magalies-
berg).

SESUTO : Mahlu a Konyana. Lambs' eyes (so called on account of
the fine colour and softness of the flowers) .

L. Erinus, Linn.

Damp spots <m veld and mountain slopes. 5-15 in. high, flowers
white and sky blue. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 253!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 175

SESUTO : Moroho oa likonyana. The vegetable of the lambs. The
plant is said to be liked by sheep.

L. natalensis, A. DC.

Natal, Upper Tugela, 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3458.
DISTRIBUTION : Delagoa Bay.

var. subulifolia.

Mountain slopes at Malavaneng, Leribe District. 8-16 in. high,
flowers blue or pinkish. January. A. Dieterlen, 955 ! 965 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Mohlo a Konyana. Lambs' eyes. Matan' a Konyana. The
intestines of a lamb.

The above species and variety, I think, are only forms of L. Erinus,
Linn.

L. dregeana, A. DC.

Damp spots on veld. 1-3 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 461 ! ; Wittebergeu, 6-7000 ft., Drege !

DISTRIBUTION -. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Vaal River).

SESUTO: Napshane ea phiri. The " Napshane " of the wolf . This
plant is very much used by the witch-doctors, who make a preparation
from it in which they wash their divining bones, believing that it
makes them more accurate.

L. (Metzleria dregeana, Sond.).

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5300 ft., December, Bolus ! ;
Wittebergeu, 6-7000 ft., Drege.

DISTRIBUTION: East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (near Hebron).

L. aquatica, Phillips, sp. uov. (PL III, tig. c). Herba aquatica.
Rhizomata parva. Folia '5-2 - 2 cm. longa, supra 3-6 mm. lata, obovata
vel obovato-elliptica, apice obtusa, basi attenuata, glabra. Petiohts
3-8 mm. longus, planus. Pedicellus 3 mm. longus, teres, glaber.
Calyx 2' 75 mm. longus ; segnienta 1'25 mm. longa, ovato-elliptica,
apice subacuta, glabra. Tubus corollae 4 mm. longus, 4'5 mm. latus,
glaber ; lobi 3'5 et 4 mm. longi, 1 et 2 mm. lati, oblongi, elliptico-
oblongi, vel oblongo-lineares, apice acuti, glabri. Filamenta 4 mm.
longa, plaua, glabra; antherae 1'75 mm. lougae, 2 iuferiores setosae.
Ovarium 1'5 mm. longum, ovatum, glabruui ; stylus 3'5 mm. longus,
teres ; stigma miuutum, conicuni, ciliatum.

In a niarsh at the base of Doodman's Kraus Mountain, Drakens-
i, 8500 ft,, March, Galpin, 6756. Flowers purple.

17(i An naif i >f the South African Museum.

A sina.ll marsh herb with creeping stems rooting at the nodes
Lea rex - 5-2'2 cm. long, 3-b' mm. broad above, obovate or obovate-
elliptic, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a fiattish petiole 3-8 mm.
long, glabrous. Flowers solitary in tho axils of the leaves, pedicelled.
Pi- died 3 mm. long, terete, gl.ibrous. Calijj- 2'75 mm. long, cut
almost to the base; lobes 1'25 mm. long, ovate-elliptic, subacute,
glabrous. Corolla-tube 4 mm. long, 4'5 mm. broad when flattened out,
glabrous ; larger lobes 3'5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, oblong or elliptic-
oblong, acute, glabrous ; smaller lobes 4 mm. long, 1 mm. broad,
oblong or oblong-linear, acute, glabrous. Stamens monadelphous ;
filaments 4 mm. long, flat, glabrous ; anthers T75 mm. long, the
lower two with a few setose hairs. Ovary T5 mm. long, ovate in
outline, glabrous; style 3'5 mm. long, terete; stigma minute, conical,
with a ring of fine hairs.

In habit this plant resembles L. mascoides, Cham., to which it is
allied, but differs in having entire leaves.

L. Tysonii, Phillips, sp. uov. (PL I, tig. A). Herba acaulesceus.
F<>H it radicalia, '8-9'5 cm. longa, '2-2 - 6 cm. lata, obovata, lanceolata
vel elliptica, apice obtusa. basi angustata, glabra. Pedunculus
7-46'5 cm. longus, glaber. Bracteae T5-3 mm. lougae, liueares.
Pedicellus -6-1-2 cm. lougus. Tubus calycis 3'7 mm. longus, glaber;
lobi 2-4 mm. longi, lineares, apice subacuti. Tubus corollae 5 mm.
longus, 4 mm. latus ; lobi 3-(r5 mm. longi, obovati, glabri. Filamenta
6 mm. longa, glabra ; antherae 2 mm. longae. Ovarium 1-3 mm.
longum, glabrum ; stylus 4 mm. longus, teres, glaber ; lobi - 5 mm.
longi, oblongi. Frxctus 8 mm. lougus, 3'5 mm. latus, 5-costatus,
glaber.

Banks of the Hlotse iiiver, 3-12 in. high, flowers mauve. Spring
(October). Makokoane, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 811 ; East
Griqualand, grassy places near Kokstad, 5000 ft., November, Tyson,
1889, Tyson in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric., 571.

SESUTO : Poli ea nuka.

A herbaceous plant with radical leaves and long subnude peduncles
arising from the rootstock. Peduncles glabrous, naked except for
1 or 2 pairs of leaves near the base. Radical leaves '8-9'5 cm. long,
"2-2'6 cm. broad, obovate, lanceolate or elliptic, obtuse, narrowed at
the base into a flattened petiole, entire or remotely serrulate, glabrous.
Injlnrescence racemose. Bracts 1-5-3 mm. long, linear. Pedicels
6-l'2 cm. long, elongating in the fruit up to 3'5 cm. Calyx-tube
o'7 mm. long, turbinate, sometimes obovate in outline, glabrous ; lobes
2-4 mm. long, linear, subacute. Corolla-tube 5 mm. long, 4 mm. broad

Flora <>f fht' Lerilp Plateau and Environ*. 177

when laid open, glabrous ; upper lobes 6*5 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad,
obovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base; lower lobes 3 mm. long, obovate,
bluntly apiculate, narrowed at the base. Staminal column 6 mm. high ;
tilameuts linear, glabrous ; anthers 2 mm. long, the 2 shortest bearded
at the apex. Ovary 1-3 mm. long, glabrous ; style 4 mm. long, terete,
glabrous ; lobes, "5 mm. long, oblong, with a circle of hairs at the base.
Fruit 8 mm. long, 3' 5 mm. broad, 2-celled, 5-ribbed, glabrous.
Approaches L. cypliioides, Harv., from which it differs in having
glabrous leaves, longer pedicels, and the calyx-tube being longer than
the lobes.

GYPHIA, Ber.j.
C. corylifolia, Harv.

Natal, Van Keeuen, 5-600U ft., February, Wood, 9203.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

C. elata, Harv.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 12-25 in. high, flowers pale mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 451 ; higher grassy slopes of the Mont-aux-
Sources, c. 8100 ft., January, Thode, 31.

SESUTO : Lenkoto.

C. triphylla, Phillips, sp. nov. Scandens, '5-1 in. longus. R&mi
glabri. Folia subsessilia, trifoliolata. Petiolus 1 mm. lougus, linearis :
foliola 1-3 cm. loiiga, '5-1 mm. lata, linearia, apice obtusa, glabra.
Injlorescentia terminalis, 7-20 cm. longa. Pedicellus 2 mm. longus,
teres, glaber. Tubus calycis 1 mm. longus, campauulatus, glaber ;
lobi 1'5 mm. longi, lineares, apice acuti, marginati. Seymenta corollae
6-7 mm. longa, lanceolata lineariaque. Filamenta 3'5 mm. longa, supra
angustata, basi paullo plana, glabra : antherae 1'5 mm. longae, lineares,
glabrae. Ovarium 2 - 5 mm. lougum, ovatum, glabrum ; stylus 1'5 mm.
longus, teres ; stigma capitatum, ciliatum.

Slopes at Malavaneng, Leribe District. Summer (February). A.
Dieterlen, 945.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lekotoana- la meMaka. The small " Lekoto " of the
marshes. Mararana oa mehlaka. The small creeper of the marshes.

A twining plant, '5-1 in. long. Stems glabrous. Leaves shortly
petioled, trifoliate. Petiole 1 mm. long, linear; leaflets 1-3 cm. long,
5-1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal,
7-20 cm. long, leafless. Pedicels 2 mm. long, slender, terete, glabrous.
Calyx-tube 1 mm. long, campanulate, glabrous; lobes 1*5 mm. long,
linear, acute, with narrow membranous wings. Corolla-segments
6-7 mm. long ; the lower lanceolate, attenuate at the base ; the upper

12

178 Annals of the tiuuth African Museum.

linear, channelled . Stamens alternating with the corolla segments ;
filaments 3'5 mm. long, narrow above, slightly widened towards the
base, glabrous ; anthers T5 mm. long, linear, glabrous. Ovary 2'5 mm.
long, ovate in outline, glabrous ; style T5 mm long, terete ; stigma
capitate, fringed with hairs.

Very near C. digitata, Willd., from which it is distinguished by
having glabrous stamens.

C. sp.

Natal, climbing over shrubs at Polela, 5-6000 ft,, April, Wood,
4569.

LIGHTFOOTIA, L'Her.
L. Huttoni, Soud.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft,, January, Wood, 8800.

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal.
Swaziland.

var.

Natal, Mawahqua, 6-7000 ft., April, Wood, 4599.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. denticulata, Sond.

Hills and mountain slopes. 2-8 in. high, flowers dark violet.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, oo2 ! ; Caledon River, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Natal. Transvaal.

SESUTO : Boloa. A love philter. A decoction is made from the
plant with which women, especially the wives of polygamists, bathe
themselves, believing that by so doing they will be loved by their
husbands.

L. albens, Spreng.

Mountain slopes. 1 o ft. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 402 !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Uitenhage. Komgha. Orange Free
State (Orange River) .

SESUTO : Tloatlvatsane. Derived from the verb " ho tloatloatsa "
to crack or make a noise. Used as fuel.

L. Dieterlenii, Phillips, sp. nov. Planta 10-32 cm. alta. Kami

pubescentes. Folia erecta, -4-1-5 cm. longa, -5-2'5 mm. lata, linearia

vel ovato-linearia, apice obtusa, basi semiamplexicaulia, subtus uni-

costata, glabra ; margiues recurvae, deutatae. Flores axillares vel

'terminates. Pedicellus ad 1'5 mm. longus. Tubus Qalyci 1-2 mm.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 179

longus, campanulatus, 10-costatus, 5-angulatus, glaber ; lobi 2-3 mm.
longi, lineares vel ovato-liueares, acumiuati, apice subacuti, glabri ;
margines cartilaginae, integrae vel 1-4-dentatae. Tubus corollae
l'5-2 mm. longus, glaber; lobi 5-6 mm. longi, 1-1/25 mm. lati,
lineares, apice subacuti, glabri. Filamenta l'5-2 mm. longa, basi
ovata vel orbicultata et ciliata, supra filiformia ; antherae l'75-2'5 mm.
longae, lineares. Ovarium I 1 5-2 mm. longum, subglobosum ; stylus
5-6 mm. longus, teres, apice trilobatus.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 4-18 in. high. Summer-
Autumn. Flowers violet. A. Dieterlen, 528 ; Orange Free State,
Harrisrnith, near the Wilge Eiver, February, Wood, 4815 ; Transvaal,
Witwatersrand, April, Mrs. Hut ton in Herb. Albany Museum, 881.

A small shrub 10-23 cm. high, with simple branches arising from
the apex of a thick underground stem, rarely branched above.
Branches terete, pubescent. Leaves erect, '4-l'5 cm. long, - 5-2'5 mm.
broad below, linear or ovate-linear, obtuse, half-clasping at the base,
with recurved and denticulate margins and a distinct midrib beneath,
glabrous. Flowers axillary or terminating very short lateral shoots.
Pedicel up to 1'5 mm. long, elongating slightly in the fruit. Calyx-
tube 1-2 mm. long, campauulate, 10-nerved, 5-angled, glabrous ; lobes
2-3 mm. long, linear or ovate-linear, acuminate, subacute, longer than
the tube, with cartilaginous margins, entire or 1-4-toothed, glabrous.
Corolla-tube l'5-2 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes 5-6 mm. long, 1-1'25
mm. lirjoad, linear, subacute, glabrous. Stamens inserted at the base
of the corolla-tube ; filaments l'5-2 mm long, ovate or orbicular and
ciliate below, filiform above ; anthers l'75-2'5 mm. long, linear.
Ovary enclosed in the calyx-tube, T5-2 mm. long, subglobose, 3-celled ;
style 5-6 mm. long, terete, usually thickened above, glabrous ; stigmas
three, 1 mm. long, linear or oblong.

Near L. Huttoni, Sond , and L. unnlfntata, Sond. ; from the former
it differs in having toothed leaves and from the latter it may be
distinguished by having a glabrous calyx and corolla.

WAHLENBEKGIA, Sckrad.

W. montana, A. DC.

Natal, near the Tugela Falls, 5000 ft., Wood, 3613 ; Ben McDhui,
9250-9800 ft,, March, Galpiu, 6762.

DISTRIBUTION : Stockeustroom. East Grriqualaud.

W. Banksiana, A. DC.

Bester's Ylei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8212.
DISTRIBUTION : Cape.

180 Annul* of the tinnili African Mi

W. capillacea, A. DC.

Basutolaud, valley above the Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 8200 ft..
March, flowers blue, Galpin, 6759; Natal, Polela, 5000 ft., Wood,
4604.

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany.
East Griqualand.

W. denudata, A. DC.

Mountain slopes. 10-25 in. high, flowers violet or lilac. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 119c ! 119d!

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand.
SESUTO : Tenane. See W. androsacea.

W. undulata, A. DC.

Mountain slopes. 12-25 in. high, flowers violet. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, Il9a ! ; Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg, 7600 ft., March,
Galpin, 6757.

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Uitenhage. Albany. Alice. Komgha.
East Griqualand.

SESUTO: Moopetsane. Derived from the verb "ho opa " to clap
the hands. Letoao. Meaning unknown. Tenane. See W. andro-
sacea.

W. caledonica, Sond.

Mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers violet. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 119b ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Wit/ie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December,
Flanagan, 1859 ! ; Caledon River, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Tenane. See W. androsacea.

W. Zeyheri, E. & Z.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-15 in. high, flowers bluish-mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 119e ! ; Natal, grassy hill, Polela, 5-6000 ft.,
Wood.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Tenane. See W. androsacea.

W. androsacea, A. DC.

Veld and in cultivated lands. 8-20 in. high, flowers mauve.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 340 ! ; Basutoland, without precise
locality, Kolbe in Herb. Solus !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Griqualand West. Orange Free State.
Transvaal. Lourenco-Marques.

SESUTO : Tenane. Derived from the verb " ho tena '' to get tired
of. Used in the form of a decoction for ulcers in the intestines of

Florn uf the Leribe Plateau and Environt. 181

childreu. This is one of the first spring plants and grows in quantities
in the lands before ploughing has begun. Women and girls are seen
every day collecting the plant, which they cook as a spinach, but they
soon tire of it.

W. depressa, Wood & Evans. (PI. Ill, fig. B).

Under rocks on plateau. 4-12 in. high, flowers light-blue. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 529 ! ; Natal, wet rocks on the summit of the Drakensberg,
March, Wood, 5977.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Bolaoane. The small love-philter. Boea ba 'mutla. The
hair of a hare. Young men,, wishing to win the love of girls who
refuse to be courted, wash themselves with a decoction prepared from
the plant.

W. depressa, W. & E. forma (PL V, fig. 4).

Plateau and mountain slopes. 2-5 in. high, flowers white or pale.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 413 ! ; forming mats, flowers pale blue, Phillips ,
901!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Moriri oa letlapa.

In habit the above specimens are totally different from the typical
form. Numerous compact slender branches arise from the apex of an
underground woody stem arranged in such a way as to form cushions.

W. basutica, Phillips, sp. nov. (PI. V, fig. 3). Planta prostrata.
-Ram?' 4-10 cm. longi ; ramuli pilosi. Folia '4-1 cm. longa, T5-5 mm.
lata, elliptica, obovata, spathulata vel subrotuuda, apice obtusa, basi
attenuata, aliquando pilosa ; margines iutegrae, crassae. Flares
terminates, solitarii. PediceJlns ad 3'5 mm. longus, pilosus. Tubus
calycis 3 mm. longus, supra 4 mm. latus, pilosus ; lobi 4-5 mm. longi,
basi 2 mm. lati, ovati, apice acuti, paullo pilosi ; margines crassae.
Corolla paullo pilosa ; tubus 8 mm. longus, supra 5 mm. latus, campanu-
latus ; lobi 6 imn. longi, 4 mm. lati, elliptici, apice mucrouati ciliatique.
Filamenta 3 mm. louga, lineari-acumiuata ; antherae 2'5 mm. longae
lineares. Ovarimn 2 mm. loiigum, circiter 2 mm. latum, subglobosum ;
stylus 8 mm. loiigus, teres, infra minute pubescens, apice truncatus,
trilobatusque ; lobi '5 mm. longi.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 2-8 in. long, flowers pale blue.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 622.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Ma/ole.

A prostrate plant with creeping branches 4-10 cm. long. Branches
compact, forming tufts ; branchlets pilose. Leaves '4-1 cm. long,

182 Annals of tl/f South Africm/ Mmwttm.

l'5-5 mm. broad, elliptic, obovate, spathulate or subrotund, obtuse,
attenuated at the base into a flat petiole, entire, with rounded and
thickened margins, sometimes pilose, otherwise glabrous. Flown-n
terminal, solitary. Pedicels up to 3'5 mm. long, pilose, sometimes
almost absent. Ca1yx-tnl>t j 3 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter above,
obconical, pilose; lobes 4'5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad at the base,
triangular-ovate, acute, with rounded and thickened margins, scantily
pilose. Corolla pale blue, scantily pilose ; tube 8 mm. long, 5 mm. in
diameter above, campanulate ; lobes 6 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, elliptic,
bluntly mucrouate at the apex and ciliate with a few hairs. Stamens
inserted at the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments 3 mm. long, linear-
acuminate ; anthers 2'5 mm. long, linear. Ovary 3-celled, 2 mm. long,
about 2mm. broad, subglobose ; style 8 mm. long, terete, minutely
pubescent 011 the lower half, truncate and 3-lobed at the apex ; lobes
5 mm. long, linear, terete. Fruit enclosed in the persistent calyx,
3 mm. long, '2 mm. broad below, conical; seeds '75 mm. long, - 5 mm.
broad, ellipsoid ; testa reddish-brown.

Very closely allied to W. montana, DC., from which it is easily
distinguished by the smaller and differently shaped leaves which are
narrowed at the base into a flat petiole. I can find no material
difference in the floral structure. At first I thought this plant should
be regarded as a form of W. montana, DC. .but as Madame Dieterlen's
specimens are so utterly different from, and can so easily be dis-
tinguished from this species, I decided to keep them specifically
distinct.

W. pinifolia, N. E. Br.

Natal, on damp rocks, 5-6000 ft., February, Evans, 348.
DISTBIBITTION : Endemic.

W. Galpinii, Phillips, sp. nov. Planta pusilla, 7-10 cm. alta. Rami
minute pubescentes. Folia - 3-l'l cm. louga, -5-2 mm. lata, linearia
vel spathulato-linearia, apice obtusa, basi augustata, glabra. Flores
solitarii, terminales vel axillares. Pedicelliis circiter 2 mm. longus,
glaber vel minute pubesceus. Tubus calycis 1*5 mm. longus, glaber ;
lobi 3 mm. longi, ovato-lineares, apice obtusi, glabri. Tubus corollae
3 mm. longus, glaber; lobi 2'5 mm. longi, 1'75 mm. lati, acuminati.
Filamenta 1'5 mm. longa, oblonga, basi - 5 mm. lata minute ciliataque,
supra linearia; antherae 1'25 mm. longae, oblongo-lineares. Ovarium
triloculare ; stylus 2 mm. longus, teres, glaber ; lobi 3.

Wittebergen, Ben McDhui, Barkly East Division, 9300-9500 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6761.

A dwarf plant 7-10 cm. high. Branches terete, minutely pubescent.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 183

Leaves '3-1 '1 cm. long, '5-2 mm. broad, linear or spathulate-linear,
obtuse, narrowed at the base, glabrous. Flowers solitary, terminal or
axillary. Pedicels about 2 mm. long, glabrous or minutely pubescent.
Oalyx-tiibe T5 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes 3 mm. long, ovate-linear,
obtuse, glabrous. Corolla mauve ; tube 3 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes
2'5 mm. long, 1'75 mm. broad, bluntly acuminate. Filaments l - 5 mm
long, oblong, and '5 mm. broad in the lower half and very finely ciliate,
linear above; anthers 1'25 mm. long, oblong-linear. Ovary 3-celled ;
style 2 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; stigmas 3.

Near W. depressa, W. & E., but differs in having flattened non-
ciliated leaves.

W. sp.

Harrismith, Krook, 2764 !

ERICACEAE.

EKICA, Linn.
E. cerinthoides, Linn.

Cliffs and mountain slopes. 2-3 ft. high, flowers bright red. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 123! ; Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 758.

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Malmesbury. Cape. Caledon. Rivers-
dale. Kuysna. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Tembuland.
Poudoland. Natal. Transvaal (Waterfall Creek, MacMac, Lyden-
burgj.

SESUTO : Monn'inyane or Semomonyane. Derived from the verb
"ho inomonya" to suck up. The flowers are visited by birds for
the nectar. The native children suck the flowers for the sweet nectar.

E. alopecurus, Harv.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 9-20 in. high, flowers mauve-carmine.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 274!; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 756 ; Luhana Pass, Drakensberg Range, Galpin, 2321 ; Natal,
near Van Reenen, Schlechter, 6992.

DISTRIBUTION : Cathcart, King William's Town. Stutterheim.
Somerset East, East GTriqualand. Transvaal (Ofemsbok Spruit,
Komati).

SESUTO : Chesa-litelu. Burn the beard. Used as fuel. The natives
say a fire made with this plant produces many sparks which fly up and
burn the beards of the men sitting round it.

E. algida, Bolus.

Slopes of high mountains at Malavaneng, Leribe District. 2^-4 ft,
high, flowers pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 862 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak,

184 Annals of the South African Mmstwm.

Phillips, 990 ! ; Basutoland, Machacha, Bryce ; on the higher slopes of
the Mont-aux-Sources, Flanagan, 2030, Thode, 33 ; Nelson's Kop.
Cooper, 854 ; near the source of the Umtjesi River, Thode, 63.

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand.

SESUTO : LeTthapn If lenyenyane. The small " Lekhapu. ' Used for
fuel.

E. Flanagan!, Bolus.

On the landward slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, above the Eland's
River Valley, 8000 ft., Flanagan. 2031.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. trichoclada. G. & B.
Natal, Polela, Evans, 673.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal (Liddesdale).

E. Tysoni, Bolus.

Natal, on the Drakensberg Range, at Polela, Evans, 673.
DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand.

E. drakensbergensis, G. & B.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft,, February, Wood, 6066.
DISTRIBUTION: East G-riqualand. Transvaal (eastern portion).

E. sitiens, Klotz.

Natal, Drakensberg, Wood, 9732.
DISTRIBUTION : Stellenbosch. Caledon.

E. Schlechteri, Bolus.

Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., Bolus.
DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Natal.

E. frigida, Bolus.

Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., Flanagan, 2029, Thode, 3265, Bolus ;
Natal, Amawahqua Mtn., Ei-ans, 675, Wood, 4580.

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand.

E. Woodii, Bolus.

Oliver's Hoek and Mont-aux-Sources, Thode, 60, 61 ; Natal, Polela.
Evans, 674; Summit Maclear Pile, 5200 ft., March, Gal-pin, 6763.

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Stutterheim. Graaff Reiuet. Orange
Free State (without locality). Transvaal (Barberton, Houtbosch).

E. maesta, Bolus.

Ravine at Leribe, December, A. Dieterlen, 15 ! ; Phillips, 989 ! ; Basuto-
land, without precise locality, Cooper, 759, 760.

DISTRIBUTION : Humansdorp. Bedford. Queeustown. Graaii
Reiuet.

Flora <>f fJic Leribe Plateau ami Environs. 185

E. leucopelta, Tausch.

Mountain slopes and ravine. Flowers cream and crimson, November,
A. Dieterle.it., 386! 720!

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom.

E. Solandra, Andr.

Natal, Van Reenen's Pass, 7000 ft,, Schleehter, 6938.
DISTRIBUTION : George.

E. Cooperi, Bolus, var. Missionis, Bolus.

Eastern slopes of Drakensberg, between Pot River Berg and Tsitsa
Footpath, 6000-7800 ft., March, Galpin, 6765.

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. East G-riqualand.

E. Caffrorum, Bolus, var. luxurians, Bolus.

Natal, foot of the Drakensberg Range, Wood, 3519 ; Mawahqua
Peak, Polela, Wood, 4281 .

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

var. aristulata, Bolus.

Drakensberg Range, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4976.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. Thodei, G. & B.

Rocky places 011 the summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, near the
sources of the Tugela River, 9-10000 ft,, Thode, 64 ; Doodman's Krans
Mtn., 8650-9000 ft., March, Galpin, 6766.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. lasiocarpa, G. & B.

Natal, rocky places near Van Reenen, 7000 ft,, Schleehter, 6941.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PHILIPPIA, Kl.
P. Evansii, N. E. Br.

Natal, near Ulundi, 5-6000 ft,, Evans, 62.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PRIMULACEAE.

LYSIMACHIA, Linn.
L. Woodii, Schltr.

Natal, Van Reenen's Pass, in a damp valley, 5-6000 ft., Wood,
4522.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

186 Annals of the Mouth African Muteuni.

MYRSINEAE.

MYRSINE, Linn.
M. africana, Linn.

Mountain slopes and ravines. 4-8 ft. high, flowers white. Spring.
A. Dieterlfn, 64a ! 64b ! ; common undershrub in ravines, PJiilli/ix,
578 ! 784 ! ; Basutoland, witliout precise locality, Cooper, 738 ! 2697 ;
Natal, near Van Reenen, Schleckter, 6999.

DISTRIBUTION : Van Khynsdorp. Olanwilliam. Cape. Caledon.
Swellendam. Knysna. Uitenhage. Albany. Queenstown. Oath-
cart. Somerset East. Aberdeen. Middelburg. East Griqualand.
Transvaal (Shiluvane, near Blauw Bank).

SESUTO : Thakhisa. A peg. Morokoana-pheleu. He who sews the
rams. Pegs are made from the wood to pin skins to the ground when
drying. Also given to rams to prevent them covering the ewes before
the proper time.

EBBNACEAE.

ROYENA, Linn.
R. lucida, Linn.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2157 ; Orange Free
State, Drakensberg, Cooper, 1062 ! ; in Pot River Berg Forest, 5500 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6769 ; Natal, Van Reeneu's Pass, Rehmann, 7242,
5-6000 ft., December, flowers yellow tinged with pink, Wood, 9728 ! ;
Drakensberg, at Mount Prospect, Behmann, 6998 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Malmesbury. Tulbagh.
Cape. Caledon. Swelleudam. Knysna. Uitenhage. Albany. Fort
Beaufort. Stockenstroom. Cathcart. Somerset East. East Griqua-
land. Orange Free State (without locality).

o '

R. villosa, Linn.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2687 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Bathurst. Natal. Orange
Free State (without locality).

R. hirsuta, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 5-8 ft. high, flowers crimson. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 144a ! 144b ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Miss Jacobsz
in Herb. Bolus, 8118 ! ; Natal, near Van Reeuen, 5500 ft., Schleckter,
6956, Wood, 5658.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Clanwilliam. Malmesbury.
Cape. Caledon. Swelleudam. Uniondale. Humansdorp. Albany.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 187

Queeustown. Calvinia. Worcester. Beaufort West. Somerset
East. Graaff Reinet. Aberdeen. Griqualand West. Orange Free
State ( Bloemf ontein) . Becliuaiialaud. Transvaal (Waterval River,
near Johannesburg ; .

SESUTO-: Ntln ea makhoaba. The house of the rook. Sendkdnuk>~>
and Maehiehe. Meanings imkuown. Before the introduction of
matches into Basutolaud, a stick prepared from this plant was used to
kindle a fire by means of friction. Used as fuel.

R. sp. (deflorate).

Mountain slopes, Leribe. A. Dieterlen, 715!

SESUTO : Mohloare-thatjane. The hard " Mohloare " (Olive tree).
Walking sticks are made from the hard wood.

EUCLEA, Murr.
E. coriacea, A. DC.

Mountain slopes and ravines. A tree, flowers cream. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 195 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstowu. Graaff Reinet,

SESUTO : Balikokotana. The father of the round objects (so named
on account of the round fruits). PJiolo-li-kokoto. The oxen (fruits)
are round. Phele-li-kokofo and Thele-li-kokoto. The fruits which are
round. Used in the form of a decoction together with E. lanceolata
or alone to'wash the divining bones in order to give them accuracy-
Also employed as a purgative.

E. lanceolata, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 7-10 ft. high, flowers greenish. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 63 ! ; Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 8464,
3481 ; in Pot River Berg Forest, 5500 ft,, March, Galpin, 6770.

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendain. Knysna. George. Uniondale.
Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Queenstown. Calvinia
Somerset East. Beaufort West. King William's Town. Transkei.
Natal. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, near Middleburg ; Pretoria, near
Johannesburg) .

SESUTO : Hohlakolo. He who wipes. Motsetlela. Meaning un-
known. Used as fuel. See also note under E. coriacea.

E. multiflora, Hiern.

Basutoland (doubtful), Cooper, 3488.

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Tulbagh. Humansdorp. Uitenhage
Albany. Bathurst. ISTatal.

188 A ninth of the tiuuth African Museum.

E. natalensis, A. DC.

Natal, up to the Drakensberg, July, Wood, 958.
DISTRIBUTION : Trausvaal (Barherton).

E. daphnoides, Hiern.

Natal, Upper Tugela River, Gerrard, 1506, 160fi.

DISTRIBUTION: Swellendam. Humausdorp. Uitenhage. Port
Elizabeth.

OLEACEAE.

JASMINUM, Linn.
J. angulare, Vahl.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, 4-5000 ft.. January, Wood, 3515.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Somerset
East. East Q-riqualand. Orange Free State (without locality).
Transvaal (Komati Poort).

MENODOEA. Humb. & Bonpl.

M. africana, Hook.

Natal, near the Tugela Eiver. 4-5000 ft., January, Wood, 3550 ;
Bushman's Eiver, Gerrard, 631.

DISTRIBUTION : Zululand. Griqualand West. Bechuanaland.
Transvaal (near Pretoria, Derde Poort, near Irene, Magaliesberg, near
Lydenburg, near Barberton, near Potchef stroom) .

OLEA, Linn.
0. verrucosa, Link.

Mountain slopes and ravines. A tree, flowers cream. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 313 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Paarl. Uitenhage. East London. Albany.
Queenstown. Cathcart. Somerset East. G-raaff Eeinet. Komgha.
Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Magaliesbei-g) .

SESUTO : MoJtloare. The olive tree. A preparation used for head-
ache is made from it. Strong walking-sticks and knobkerries are
made from the wood. A vegetative specimen (A. Dieterlen, 715) I
take to be this species.

APOCYNACEAE.

CAEISSA, Linn.
C. Arduina, Lam.

Natal, Polela, 4-5000 ft., Fernando- Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 5500 ft., December, Bolus, 8105 !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 189

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Bredasdorp. Mossel Bay. George.
Uitenhage. Albany. Bathurst. Somerset East. Pondoland. Natal.
Transvaal (Klerksdorp, Houtbosch).

ASCLEPIADACEAE.
EAPHIONACME, Harv.

R. divaricata, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 3-12 in. high, flowers violet, early
spring. A. Dieterlen, 158! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 19.

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria. Albany. Bathurst. Queenstown.
Komgha. Trauskei. Tembuland. East Griqualaud. Natal.

SESUTO : Kherenchane. Meaning unknown. A medicine for internal
tumours is prepared from the plant. Recently the plant has been
used by the natives for making a very intoxicating beverage called
" ghali " by mixing it with treacle or sugar, kaffir-corn, and water.

PAKAPODIUM. E. Mey.

P. costatum, E. Mey.

Veld. 12-25 in. high, flowers mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen,l8Q\;
on the Wittebergen, Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (Rheuoster River). Transvaal
(Vereeniging, Ly denburg, Magaliesberg, Modderfonteiu, Johannesburg,
Pietersburg) .

SESUTO : Sehamela. He who milks for the goat. Eaten as a
vegetable. Said to be much liked by goats.

P. simile, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Bohis, 6348 !
DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (near Rusteuburg).

XYSMALOBIUM, R. Br.

X. stockenstromense, Scott-Elliot.

Grassy slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 7800 ft., Thode, 36 !

DISTRIBUTION : Stockeustroom. Stutterheiui. East Griqualand.
Natal. Transvaal (Belfast, Cai-oliua, Donker Hoek).

X. undulatum, R. Br.

Veld and mountain slopes. 20-42 in. high, flowers pale cream and
green. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 31 !

DISTRIBUTION : Paarl. Cape. Swelleudam. Alexandria. Albany.
Queenstowu. Richmond. Victoria West. Somerset East. Orange

190 Annals of the South African Museum.

Free State (near Seven Fountains). Transvaal (Springbok Flats,
Pretoria, Modderfontein, Johannesburg, Standertou).

SESUTO : LeshoJchoa. Meaning unknown. The young leaves are
eaten as a spinach.

X. parviflorum, Harv.

Mountain slopes. 7-20 in. high, flowers greyish violet. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 473 ! ; Basutoland, without locality, Cooper, 934 ; Bester's
Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6300 ft., Bolus, 8112; Harrismith, Sankey,
134; Natal, Weenen County, 3-6000 ft., Sutherland, Wood, 4370;
near Van Reenen, Wood, 6633.

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. East Griqualaud. Transvaal (between
Waterval River and Zuikerbosch Rand).

SESUTO : Leoto la Khoko. The foot of a fowl. Ntsine. Meaning
unknown. A medicine for colic is prepared from it.

X. Woodii, N. E. Br.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 10830.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

PERIGLOSSUM, Decne.

P. angustifolium, Decne.

Damp spots on veld. 8- 22 in. high, flowers dark yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 49la !

DISTRIBUTION: Komgha, Transkei. Tembuhuid. East Griqualand.
Natal. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Johannesburg, Modderfontein ).

SESUTO: Se/iortr moklukit. The carrot of the marsh. Sehot'tc
Ntsiuli. Meaning unknown. The roots of this plant and of all species
of Schizoglossitin are eaten, especially by children (Sehoeti: = carrot).

SCHIZOG-LOSSUM, E. Mey.

S. atropurpureum, E. Mey.

Shady spots on mountain slopes. 30-50 in. high, flowers very dark
brown. Summer.^, A Dieterlen, 4931!; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, Bolus, 8111 !; Harrismith, tiankey, 192; Natal, slopes of the
Drakensberg| Range at, Oliver'sJHoek, 5-6000 ft,, January, Wood,
3471 ; on the Wittebergeu, 5-6000 ft., Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Se7ioete-m,oru.~The wood-carrot (because the plant grows
on the mountain slopes, near shrubs). The roots are eaten raw.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 191

S. elingue, N. E. Br.

Natal, slopes of the Drakensberg Range, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 358.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. flavum, Schltr., var. lineare, N. E. Br.

Natal, Drakeusberg, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4878 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. stenoglossum, Schltr.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2722 ; Harrismith,
Sankey, 191 ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5500 ft., October-December, Wood,
4561, 4778, 5009 ; highest grassy slopes of the Caledon Range (spur
of Drakeusberg) , c. 8100 ft., January, flowers dark purple, Thode, 38 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Tembulaud. EastG-riqualand. Trans-
vaal (no locality).

S. pachyglossum, Schltr.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 3147 ; on a hill near
Harrismith, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 5383, Sankey, 178 ; Bester's Vlei, near
Witzie's Hoek, 6000 ft., Bolus, 8110 ! Flanagan, 1881.

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. East Gricpualand. Natal.

S. linifolium, Schltr.

Veld and plateau. 12-25 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer. A.
Dieterleit, 26 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2727.

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Humansdorp. Uiteuhage. Albany.
Stockenstroom. Queenstowu. Cathcart. Somerset East. Cradock.
Aliwal North. Albert. King William's Town. Komgha. Trauskei.
Tembuland. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Sehoett' Ntlhokoe. Meaning unknown. The root is eaten
raw.

S. pumilum, Schltr.

Harrismith, Sankey, 180.

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (Bethlehem). Transvaal
(between the Waterval River and Zuikerbosch Rand).

S. robustum, Schltr.

Bester's Vlei, near Harrismith, 5500 ft., Bolus, 8108 ! ; near Harri-
smith, Sankey, 177.

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal (Donker Hoek).

S. pulchellum, Schltr.

Plateau. 6-15 in. high, flowers brown, cream and crimson. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 801 ! ; Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2729 ;

192 Annul* of Ike Month African M'u#rutn.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Flat/nym/ in Herb. Bolus, 8109!;
Harrismith, Sankey, 182; Van Reenen's Pass, 5500 ft,, Wood, 5143!
4256.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Barberton, near Botsabelo, near Belfast,
near Eoodepoort).

SESUTO: Sehoetc Mpulutsoana. The greyish carrot. The root is
eaten raw.

S. biflorum, Schltr.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 8-25 in. high, flowers violet.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 370 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cathcart. Queenstowu. Aliwal North. Transkei.
Natal. Transvaal (Klein Oliphaiit's River, near Johannesburg,
Magaliesberg, Modderfontein).

S. araneiferum, Schltr.

Veld. 6 in. high, flowers whitish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 853b ! ;
Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Bol-us, 8107 !

DISTRIBUTION: Natal (Newcastle). Transvaal (near Lyden burg).

SESUTO : Sehoet*' Ntlhokoe. The slender carrot. The root is eaten
raw.

S. lamellatum, Schltr.

Veld and mountain slopes. 7-16 in. high, flowers whitish. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 853a !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Wodehouse. Natal. Transvaal (Magalies-
berg, near Johannesburg, Waterval River, Rusteuburg, Pretoria,
Pilgrim's Rest).

SESUTO : Sehoete-moro. The juicy carrot. The root is eaten raw.

S. interruption, Schltr.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 20-48 in. high, flowers
greyish-mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 490 ! Wittebergen, 5000 ft.
Drege, 3428.

DISTRIBUTION: East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Ermelo).

SESUTO : Sehoete Phofu. The carrot of the eland. Sehoi'te Leqala.
The bamboo carrot. Moramaphofu. Meaning unknown. The root
is eaten raw.

ASCLEPIAS, Linn.
A. cucullata, Schltr.

Harrismith, Sankey, 185 ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., November-
December, flowers pink and white, Wood, 4820, 5384 ! 5667 !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 193

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal (Barber-
ton, Zoutpansberg).

A. stellifera, Schltr.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-12 in. high, flowers mauve and
pinkish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 261 ! ; Basutoland, without precise
locality, Cooper, 2"21, 2735 ; Natal, Klip River, Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Transkei. Griqua-
land West. Orange Free State (Bethlehem). Transvaal (near
Johannesburg, Barberton, Zuikerbosch Eand, Heidelberg, Springbok
Flats, Modderfontein).

SESUTO : Moholantja. He who attracts dogs.

A. multicaulis, Schltr.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeping plant, 4-9 in. long, flowers
violet. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 116 !; Basutoland, without precise
locality, Cooper, 935 ; Harrismith, Sankey, 183 ; Wittebergen, Drege,
Ladybrand, c. 6000 ft., Bertha Rogers in Herb. Solus, 13430 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Transkei. Natal. Orange Free
State (Bethlehem). Transvaal ( Witkleif ontein) .

SESUTO : Lenkiling. Meaning unknown. Lekhoaphela. He who
draws his legs together when sitting on the ground (an allusion to
the habit of the plant, whose branches lie close to one another on the
ground). The plant is eaten freely, either cooked or raw.

A. brevicuspis, Schltr.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2721 bis, 2724.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. King William's Town. Pondoland.
Natal. Zululaud. Transvaal (near Piet Retief).

A. gibba, Schltr.

Wittebergen, Drege, 4973 ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
December, Bolus, 8113 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Bedford. Stockenstrooni. Queenstown.
Somerset East. Molteno. Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. Pondo-
land. East G-riqualand. Natal. Orange Free State (Vredefort).
Transvaal (near Pretoria, Ermelo, Standerton, Modderfontein).

var. media, N. E. Br.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Bolus, 8113 ; Caledon River,
Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Zululand. Swaziland. Transvaal (Stauderton,
Magaliesberg, Rustenberg, Nylstroom).

13

194 Annals of the South African Museum.

A. eminens, Schltr.

Veld. 8-14 in. high, flowers green, pink, and white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 365 !

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (Seveufontein). Transvaal
(Lydenburg, Pretoria, Ermelo, etc.). Natal. Zululand. Swaziland.

SESUTO : Montsuku. Motsoko. Montsoko. Meanings unknown. The
whole plant is eaten raw.

A. aurea, Schltr.

Veld, mountain slopes. 13-22 in. high, flowers yellowish. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 655 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Natal. Transvaal (Barbertou, Pilgrim's
Eest, near Johannesburg, Modderfontein, Eustenburg, Zoutpansberg,
Magaliesberg, Malelane, Matebe, Mooi River, Carolina).

SESUTO : Mohlatsisa. He who causes vomiting. Used as an emetic.

var. vittata, N. E. Br.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 932.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Swaziland. Orange Free State (Bethlehem).
Transvaal (Barberton).

A. schizoglossoides, Schltr.

Natal, Van Eeenen. 5-6000 ft., November, Wood, 6576.
DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Fort Beaufort. Stutterheim.

A. decipiens, N. E. Br.

Mountain slopes. 20-40 in. high, flowers dark yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 631 ! ; among rocks under cliffs and mountain slopes,
occasional, Phillips, 812 ! 836 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (near Irene, Wonder boom poort,
Johannesburg, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Moethimolo oa thaba. He of the mountain who causes
sneezing. Molimola oa thaba. He of the mountain who reveals.
Lebeyana la thaba. The small cream of the mountain. Used as a
snuff and as a medicine for sore breasts.

A. fruticosa, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 30-45 in. high, flowers pale yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 84!; bush 2-4 ft., flowers cream, common.
Phillitis 518 ! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 241.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Oudtshoorn. Riversdale. George. Knysna,
Queenstown. Graaff Eeinet. Colesberg. King William's Town.
Natal. Griqualand West. Orange Free State (Bethlehem, Vredefort,
Parys) Transvaal (Pretoria, Lydenburg, Plat sand, Irene, Fourteen

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 195

Streams, Crocodile River, Johannesburg, Modderfontein, Pilgrim's
Best, Hebron).

SESUTO : Moethimolo. He who causes sneezing. Molimolo. He
who reveals. Lebeyana. Small cream. Used as a cure for a cold in
the head. The silky hairs of the seeds are used to make pillows.

A. humilis, Schltr.

Basutoland, Machacha Mountain, Bryce ; Mont-aux-Sources,
8000 ft,, Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8117; Caledon Range, Tlwde, 39;
Wittebergen, 6-7000 ft., Drege, 3240.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

A. adscendens, Schltr.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2720.

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand. Swaziland. Transvaal (Bar-
berton, Rustenberg, Heidelberg, Pretoria, Springbok Flats, Irene,
Matebas Valley, Modderfontein).

PACHYCARPUS, E. Hey.

P. rigidus, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellowish-purple. Summer. Sebothvaue,
near Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 377a ! ; Matelas Peak, Thode, 34.

DISTRIBUTION : Tarkastad. Aliwal North. Orange Free State
(near Bethlehem). Transvaal (Mooi River, Ermelo).

SESUTO : Phoma-metsu. He who cuts the arrows (or thorns).
Leshokoana. The small " Leshokhoa." Used for curing colic pains
(the natives compare the pains to arrows piercing the intestines). In
spring the plant is used as a vegetable.

var. tridens, E. Mey.

At the foot of the Wittebergen, Drege, 6393.

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Orange Free State (Bethlehem).
Transvaal (Witkleifoutein).

P. macrochilus, N. E. Br.

Harrismith, Sankey, 181 ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
6200 ft., Bolus, 8115 ; Flanagan, 2067 ; Mont-aux-Sources, 7800 ft.,
Thode, 35.

DISTRIBUTION: Orange Free State (Bethlehem).

P. stenoglossus, N. E. Br.

Wittebergen, 6-7000 ft., Drege, 3419
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

196 Annals of the South African Museum.

P. dealbatus, E. Mey.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 931 ; Natal, near
Hoffenthal, 4000 ft., December, Wood, 3473 ; bank of Tugela River,
4500 ft., January, Wood, 3475.

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. George. Humansdorp. Uitenhage.
Port Elizabeth. Alexandria. Bathurst. Albany. Queenstowu.
Cradock. King William's Town. Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland.
Pondoland. East G-riqualand.

P. campanulatus, N. E. Br., var. Sutherland!, N. E. Br.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 936, 2731 ; Natal,
Mohlamba Range, 5-6000 ft., Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. Tembuland. East G-riqua-
land. Transvaal (MacMac, Houtbosch, Barberton, Eland's River
Mtn., Belfast, Valkfoutein Beacon, Spitz Kop, Pilgrim's Rest).

CYNANCHUM, Linn.
C. virens, Dietr.

Mountain slopes. Climber, 3-6 ft. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 457 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Albert. Griqualand
West. Orange Free State (no locality). Transvaal (near Pretoria,
Irene).

SESUTO : Mololo. Meaning unknown. In times of famine the roots
were cooked and eaten.

SARCOSTEMMA, R. Br.
S. viminale, R. Br.

Hanging down from a cleft in mountain cliffs behind the Mission
Station, 3-9 ft. long, flowers whitish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 819 !

DISTRIBUTION. Van Rhynsdorp. Mossel Bay. Knysna. Uiten-
hage. Bathurst. Albany. Queenstown. Prince Albert. Graaff
Reinet. King William's Town. Komgha. Natal. Griqualand
West. Transvaal (Komati Poort, Potgeiter's Rust).

SESUTO : Namele ea lilomo. The spreading one of the cliffs.

SISYRANTHUS, E. Mey.
S. imberbis, Harv.

Mountain slopes and river banks. 20-40 in. high, flowers mauve-
grey. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 277 ! ; Basutoland, without precise
locality, Cooper, 2730.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 197

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Transkei. Natal. Orange Free State
(no locality).

SESUTO : Malla a ntebile. Sorrows are facing one. Eaten by young
men who are courting, in order to win the love of the girls and so
avoid sorrow.

RIOCREUXIA, Decne.
R. picta, Schltr.

Mountain slopes, a climber on rocks. 3-6 ft. long, flowers pale
yellow. Summer. Near the Eiver Qalo at the Mission Station,
A. Dieterlen, 711 !

DISTRIBUTION : Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton, Houtbosch,
Ingome Range, between Pilgrim's Rest and Sabie).

SESUTO : Morarana oa noJca. The small creeper of the river.

R. torulosa, Decne., var. tomentosa, N. E. Br.

A climber among trees and rocks in ravines. 3-6 ft. high, yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 616 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 2719 partly ; Harrismith, Sarikey, 316 ; Van Reenen,
5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 4539.

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei.

SESUTO i Morarana oa morn. The small creeper of the wood.

CEROPEGIA, Linn.
C. Meyeri, Decue.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, 5000 ft., January, Wood, 3476.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. Transvaal
(Barberton, Elandspruit Mountains, Masetaua Valley).

BRACHYSTELMA, R. Br.
B. foetidum, Schltr.

Veld and plateau. 3-10 in. high, flowers dark crimson, scented.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 364 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 933; near Harrismith, Sanderson, 6, Sankey, 187, Thode;
Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, Miss Jacobsz.

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (Vals River, Parys). Transvaal
(Mooi River, near Elsbm-g, Potchefstroom, Houtbosch, Modder-
fontein).

SESUTO : Seru. Meaning unknown. Used as a medicine for
children's colds. The roots are eaten by shepherd boys.

198 Annals of the South African Museum.

B. commixtum, N. E. Br.

Hills near Riet Valley, at foot of the Wittebergen. 5000 ft., Drege*
3440 partly.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. circinatum, E. Mey.

Hills near Riet Valley, at the foot of the Wittebergen, 5000 ft.,
Drege, 3440 partly.

DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (near Mooifoutein).

ANISOTOME, FenzL

A. pedunculata, 1ST. E. Br.

Banks of dongas. A creeping plant, flowers mauve. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 800 ! ; Natal, Tiger-cave Valley, Drakensberg Range,
6-7000 ft., Evans, 379 ; Nigiuya, 5500 ft,, Wylie in Herb. Wood,
10529.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Morarana oa letlapa. The small creeper of the flat stone.

STAPELIA, Linn.
S. flavirostris, N. E. Br.

Mountain slopes. 2-10 in. high, flowers dark crimson, emit a bad
odour. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 298 ! ; Leribe v Buchanan.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. George or Oudtshoorn.
Bedford. Queenstown. Somerset East. Beaufort West. Victoria
West. Richmond. Middleburg. Steynsburg. Albert. Colesberg.
Griqualand West.

SESUTO : Bohatsu. Numbness. For curing numbness, the limb is
bathed with a hot infusion of the plant.

LOGANIACEAE.

GOMPHOSTIGMA, Turez.

G. scoparioides, Turez.

Banks and beds of stream. 20-35 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 538 ! Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2870 ;
Natal, Mohlamba Range, 5-6000 ft., Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Namaqualand Minor. Uitenhage.
Queenstown. Stockenstroom. Prince Albert. Somerset East. G-raaff
Reinet. Murraysburg. Richmond. Albert. Colesberg. Hope Town.
Transkei. East Griqualand. Natal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 199

SESUTO : Moema-thata. He who stauds firmly. Mosika-nokana.
He who goes along the little river. Used as an infusion to restore
strength to a tired person.

CHILIANTHUS, Burcli.
C. corrugatus, Benth.

Mountain slopes 5-10 ft. high, flowers cream. Spring. Makokoane,
Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 618 ! ; Witteberg Eange, 5-6000 ft., near
streams, Drege, 3618 ; near Harrismith, Sankey, 243.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Lelora. He dreams. Used as fuel and for making walking-
sticks.

BUDDLEIA, Linn.
B. salvifolia, Lam.

Mountain slopes and ravines. 4-8 ft. high, flowers cream or mauve.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 54 ! ; frequent in ravines, Phillips, 579 ! ; Natal,
Cathkin Peak, 6850-9200 ft., September, West in Herb. Musei Austro-
Afric., 4576 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 695.

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Caledon. George. Knysna. Uiten-
hage. Bedford. Queenstown. Stockenstroom. Somerset East. Graaff
Reinet. Beaufort West. Albert. Tembuland. Pondoland. Natal.
Transvaal (Magaliesberg, near Barberton, MacMac, near Lydenburg,
near Pretoria).

SESUTO : Lelothoane. The small dreamer. The natives avoid
plucking the flowers as they say sore eyes are the result. Used as
fuel.

GENTIANACEAE.

SEBAEA, Soland.
S. mirabilis, Gilg.

Maclear District, between Tent Kop and Antelope Park, 5600 ft.,
March, Galpin, 6772.

DISTRIBUTION : Trauskei. Tembuland. Natal. Orange Free State.
Transvaal (near Lydeuburg).

S. filiformis, Schinz.

Tsitsa Footpath, Drakensberg, 7600 ft., March, Galpin, 6773 ; Natal,
Polela, Wood, 1884.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Transvaal (near Lydenburg,
Zoutspansberg) .

200 Annals of the South African Museum.

S. exigua, Schinz.

Veld and plateau. 4-10 in. high, flowers yellow. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 600 ! ; Barkly East Division, near Rhodes, 6150 ft., Galpin,
2333.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Colesberg. Aliwal North. Griqualand
West. Orange Free State (near Seven Fountains, Bloemfontein,
Parys). Transvaal (near Klippan, uear Johannesburg, near Pieters-
burg).

SESUTO : Moroeroe. Something seen vaguely at a distance.

S. pygmaea, Schinz.

Orange Free State. Top of Moolman's Kopje, at Zaaihoek, in the
Harrismith District, 6500 ft., Thode.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Houtboschberg).

S. conspicua, A. W. Hill.

In a marsh near Harrismith, 7000 ft., Sankty, 173 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. Dregi, Schinz.

Witteberg Eange, 6000 ft., Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Knysna. Graaff Reinet.

S. schinziana, G-ilg.

Natal, Bushman's River, on the Drakensberg Range, Evans, 54.
DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (Devil's Knuckles).

S. macrophylla, Gilg.

Basutoland, without pi-ecise locality, Cooper, 713; Orange Free
State, Witteberg Range, Rehmann, 3999.

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. East Griqualand. Trans-
vaal (near Pilgrim's Rest).

S. leiostyla, Gilg.

Damp spots on mountain slopes, veldt and plateau. 2-15 in. high,
flowers bright yellow. A. Dieterlen, 74! common on plateau and
mountain slopes, Phillips, 560! 663! 714! 810! 890! near Harri-
smith, SanJcey, 175.

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Orange Free State (Bethlehem). Trans-
vaal (near Standerton, near Pretoi'ia, Houtboschberg, near Vereeuiging,
Ermelo).

SESUTO : Marama a baroetsana. The cheeks of young girls (on
account of the bright colour of the flower).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 201

S. hymenosepala G-ilg., var. grandiflora, A. W. Hill.
Doodman's Krans Mtn., 8850 ft., March, Galpin, 6776.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. repens, Schinz.

Damp spots on Qoqolosi mountain slopes. 1-4 in. high, flowers
bright yellow. Autumn-Winter. A. Dieterlen, 725 ! ; Natal, damp
places on flat rocks by the Bushman's Eiver, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 56 ;
Doodman's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui, 8500-9400 ft., March, Galpin,

5777.

DISTRIBUTION: East Griqualand. Transvaal (Ermelo).

SESUTO : Marama a baroetsana /> monyenyane. The small cheeks
of youug girls.

S. Marlothii. G-ilg.

Summit of the Mont-aux Sources, 9500-10000 ft., Mann in Herb.
Marloth, 2886 ; Bolus, 12950, 10664 partly.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. procumbens, A. W. Hill.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500ft., Flanagan, 2079.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. thodeana, G-ilg.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 10,000 ft., Mann in Herb. Mar-
loth, 2878, Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8216 ; Natal, near Emengweni,
6-7000 ft., Thode, 67 ; Giant's Castle, 8000ft., Guthrie in Herb. Bolus,
4882 ; Ben McDhui, 9400 ft., March, Galpin, 6777.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. spathulata, Steud.

Basutoland, damp shady banks of the Buffalo River Waterfall,
8100 ft., March, Galpin, 6778; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources,
9500 ft., Flanagan, 2080 ; Natal, Giant's Castle, 6000 ft,, Guthrie in
Herb. Bolus, 4881 ; Wittebergen, 7500 ft,, Dr^ge.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. Thomasii, Schinz.

Mont-aux-Sources, 6500-10,000 ft., Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8215,
Bolus, 10664 partly; Natal, Tabamhlope, 6000 ft., Wylie in Herb.
Wood, 10689 ; Giant's Castle, Wylie in Herb. Wood, 10639, Guthrie
in Herb. Bolus, 4882 partly.

DISTRIBUTION : Fort Beaufort.

202 Annals of the South African Museum.

EXOCHAENIUM, Griseb.

E. grande, Griseb.

Velcl and mountain slopes. 3-9 in. high, flowers yellow. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 262 !; plateau and slopes, flowers pale yellow, uncommon,
Phillips, 553 ! 652 ! 888 ! ; without precise locality, Bowker ! ; Thaba
Unchu, Burke, 205 ; near Harrismith, 5500 ft,, Sankey, 176; Caledon
Eiver, Mrs. Barber, 20

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Tembulancl. Natal. Orange
Free State (between Rhenoster River and Vaal River). Transvaal
(various localities).

SESUTO : Liphalana. Small trumpets. This refers to the shape of
the corolla.

CHIRONIA, Linn.
C. palustris, Burch.

Damp spots on mountain slopes Flowers pale pink. Summer.
Thaba Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 847 ! ; near Harrismith,
Wood, 4763.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstowu. Wodehouse. Transkei. East Gri-
qualand. Natal. Griqualaud West. Orange Free Sta.te (Sancldrift
Spruit, Bethlehem). Bechuanaland. Transvaal (Standerton, near
Wilge River).

SESUTO : Lepshetlane. Meaning unknown. See note under C.
Krebsii.

C. Krebsii, Griseb.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. Flowers pink. Summer. Thaba
Phatsoa, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 717!; near Ha.rrismith,
Sankey, 174.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Bedford. Stockenstroom. Somerset
East. Queenstowu. East Griqualand. Natal. Swaziland. Trans-
vaal (near Barberton, near Berg Spruit, Athol, Spitz Kop).

SESUTO: Lepshetlane la liliba. The "Lepshetlane" of the
fountains. Tjatane. Derived from the verb "ho tjata" to have
diarrhoea (in children). Used for colic and diarrhoea in children and
for relieving uneasiness in pregnant women.

FARO A, Welw.

F. salutaris, Welw.

Basutolaud, Machacha Mtn. Bryce.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 203

SWEETIA, Linn.
S. stellarioides, Ficalho.

Mountain slopes. 10-18 in. high, flowers white. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 782 !; without locality, Bowkerl; marshes near Harrismith,
7000 ft,, Sankey, 68; Natal, damp places near Van Eeeueu, 7500 ft,
Schlechter, 6991.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Doukershoek, Houtbosch, near Lyclen-
burg, Lomatie Valley).

SESUTO : Se-nJcha-koena. It has the odour of " Koena " (" Koena '
means both crocodile and mint; it is not clear to which the name
refers).

BORAGINEAE.

EHEETIA, Linn.
E. hottentotica, Burch.

North slopes of Leribe Mountain. A shrub, flowers lilac. A.
DieterJtm, 867 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Queenstown. Willowmore.
Somerset East, Carnarvon. Graaff Eeinet. King William's Town,
Natal. Griqualand West. Bechuanalaud. Transvaal (Pretoria.
Barberton, Lydenburg, Waterval Eiver).

SESUTO : Morobo. Derived from the verb " ho roba " to break
(the hunted animals). Hunters anoint themselves with a decoction
of this and other plants when hunting ; if they shake their shields the
hunted animal will fall to the ground, its strength being broken.

TYSONIA, Bolus.
T. africana, Bolus.

Natal, foot of the Drakensbergeu, 5000 ft., January, Wood, 3557.
DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualaud.

CYNOOLOSSIJM, Linn.
C. enerve, Turez.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-35 in. high, flowers dark crimson
and violet. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 375 ! ; a subherbaceous plant.
1-2 ft. high, not common, Phillips, 542 !; Natal, Polela, 5-6000 ft,
April, Wood, 4577.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Eiversdale. Uitenhage. Albany. Bathurst.
Cuthcart. Somerset East. Tembuland. Poudolaud. Natal. Orange
Free State (no locality). Transvaal (Aapie's Eiver, Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Bdlwmenyana. Derived from the verb " ho bohome " to-
stick to. Used as a medicine for colic in children.

204 Annals of the South African Museum.

C. micranthum, Desf.

Veld and dongas. 6-30 in. high, flowers blue. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 70 ! ; slopes of plateau, occasional, Phillips, 514 ! 540 ! 897 !;
Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 749 ; Mont-aux-Sources,
8000 ft., April, Dyke in Herb. Marloth, 5436 !, in Herb. Musei Austro-
Afric., 5513 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Stutterheim. Somerset East. Tran-
skei. Tembuland. Natal. Orange Free State (no locality). Trans-
vaal (near Blauw Bank, Pretoria, MacMac, Lydenburg, Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Motlepere. Something wet. Bohumenyana. See C. enerve,
also note.

ECHINOSPERMUM, Sw.
E. Lappula, Lehm.

Veld, dongas, and cultivated lauds. 8-20 in. high, flowers pale
blue. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 330 !

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Uitenhage. Albany. Queenstown.
Somerset East. Graaff Reinet. Middleburg. Albert. Komgha.
Natal. Griqualand West. Orange Free State (Leeuw Spruit, Vrede-
fort). Transvaal (Upper Molappo River).

SESUTO : Bohomenyana. See Cynoglossum enerve, also note.

ANCHUSA, Linn.
A. capensis, Thunb.

Damp spots. 15-20 in. high, flowers dark blue. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 341 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Malmesbury. Swellendam.
Albany. Queenstowu. Carnarvon. Beaufort West. Aliwal North.

SESUTO : Petlekheme. Meaning unknown. The young plant is eaten
as a vegetable.

MYOSOTIS, Linn.
M. graminifolia, DC.

Wittebergen, 6-7000 ft., Dr^ge.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. Galpinii, C. H. W.

Mountain Kloof at Rhodes, 6200 ft,, Galpin, 2329.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. sylvatica, Hoffm.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft,, Bolus, 8214 ; Natal, by
streams on the Drakensbergeu, 6-7000 ft,, Evans, 396a (Evans 396
according to Wood's Natal List).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 205

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Queenstown. G-raaff Eeinet. Trans-
vaal ?

M. afropalustris, C. H. W.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 6-20 in. high, flowers blue.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 326a ! 326b ! ; ravine, flowers blue,
Phillips, 747 ! 600 ! 781 ! ; Wittebergen, Cooper, 641.

DISTRIBUTION : Knysna. Natal.

SESUTO : Bahomenyana. See Cynoglossum enerve.

var. glabra, C. H. W.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 942.

DISTRIBUTION: Pondoland. Natal. Orange Free State (no
locality) .

LITHOSPEEMUM, Linn.

L. papillosum, Thunb.

Caledon Eiver, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria. Queenstown. Cathcart. East G-riqua-
land.

L. cinereum, DC.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-22 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 154 !; hills near Harrismith, 5-6000 ft., December, flowers
white, Wood, 5756 ! ; Wolve Kop, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Somerset East. G-raaff Eeinet. Natal.
G-riqualand West. Orange Free State (no locality). Transvaal
(Johannesburg, Molappo Eiver).

CONVOLVULACEAE.

IPOMOEA, Linn.

simplex, Thunb.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-4 in. high, flowers white. Summer
(January-February). A. Dieterlen, 557 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Alexandria. Albany. Queenstown.
Kom^ha. Tembuland. Natal. Orange Free State (Bethlehem).
Transvaal (near Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Seakhoe. Seakhoa. Sehvakhe. Meanings unknown.
The raw roots are chewed by shepherds.

I. argyreioides, Choisy.

Near the Caledon Eiver, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Fort Beaufort. Cathcart. Queenstown.
Somerset East. G-raaff Eeinet. Cradock. Colesberg. Albert.

-06 Annals of the South African Museum..

Philipstown. Natal. Griqu aland West. Orange Free State ( Vrede-
frt). Transvaal (Maquasi Hills, Magaliesberg).

. Green stockii, Rendle.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2778.
DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Natal. Transvaal (Magaliesberg,
Pilgrim's Rest, near Johannesburg).

I. ovata, E. Mey.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2779.
DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Natal. Transvaal (Grey ling.)

I. angustifolia, Jacq.

Orange Free State, Wolve Kop, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Bechuanaland (near source of Kuruman
River, near Hamaprey). Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Marico District,
Johannesburg, Pilgrim's Rest).

I crassipes, Hook., var. longepedunculata, Hallier, f.

Veld. 8-20 in. high, flowers carmine. Summer. A. Dieterlen,
452!; Natal, Van Reenen's Pass, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 4524!; Bester's
Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5800 ft., December, flowers red, Bolus, 8218 !

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State. Transvaal (near Crocodile
River, High Veld, near Pretoria, near Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Mothokhvana. The small " Mathokho." Maime. Medicine.
Sekutle. Derived from the verb " ho putla " to cut in two. Used
by the witch-doctors as a charm to prevent harm befalling villages.

I. oblongata, E. Mey., var. hirsuta, Rendle.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeper, 15-30 in. long, flowers
magenta. Summer. A. Dieterle/i, 311!; slopes above the Mission
Station, a prostrate creeper growing in sand, flowers magenta, Phillips,
538 !; south slopes of Leribe plateau, above Khaniane, Phillips, 903 !;
Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips, 962 ! ; Caledon River, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Houtbosch, Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Mothokho. Meaning unknown. The leaves, mixed with
tobacco, are used as snuff. The smoke from the burning plant is
supposed to drive away lightning.

I. quinquefolia, Hochst.

Sandy spots on mountain slopes. A prostrate creeper. 12-40 in.
long, flowers pale yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 786 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal (sandy flats near Mooi River, 3-4000 ft.).

SESUTO : Lerakallana. The small stretched one.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 207

CONVOLVULUS, Linn.

C. hastatus, Thunb.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-25 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 97b !

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Mossel Bay. Uitenhage. Port
Elizabeth. Albany. Bathurst. Somerset East. Richmond. Trans-
vaal (Lydenburg) .

SESUTO : Morarana o monyenyane. The very small creeper. A
medicine is prepared from this to ease pregnant women.

C. ulosepalus, Hallier f.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeper or climber. 3-5 ft. long,
flowers white. Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 97a ! ; Natal, Weenen
County, 3-5000 ft., Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Fort Beaufort. Queenstown. Ceres.
Beaufort West. Murraysburg. Graaff Eeinet. Eichmond. Hope-
town. Colesberg. Albert. Somerset East. Griqualand West.
Transvaal (near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Moroto oa polio. The urine of the bull. Morarana o
monyenyane. See C. hastatus. Sehoete sa noka. The carrot of the
river. Used for similar purposes as C. hastatus.

C. boedeckerianus, Peter.

Near the Caledou River, Burke, Zeyher, 1227.

DISTRIBUTION : Colesberg. Hopetown. Griqualand West. Trans-
vaal.

C. capensis, Burm. f., var. plicata, Baker.

Veld and mountain slopes. A creeper, 6-25 in. long, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 387!; Qoqolosi Peak, a creeper, flowers
white, Phillips, 966 ! ; near the Caledon River, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Mossel Bay. Uniondale. Port Eliza-
beth. Albany. Queeustown. Gi-aaff Reiuet. Albert. Transvaal
(Hooge Veld).

SESUTO : Tiea maghekvana. Hold fast old women ! (Given as a
warning to old people who trip over this creeper.) Liselo. That
which is looked for.

FALKIA, Linn.

F. repens, Linn, f., var. villosa, Baker.

Nieuwjaars Spruit between the Orange and Caledon River. Zeyher.
DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage.

208 Annals of the South African Museum.

*

SOLANACEAE.

SOLANUM, Linn.
S. nigrum, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-30 in. high, flowers white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 157 ! ; ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers
white, Phillips, 632 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips, 943 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Malmesbury. Paarl. Cape. Caledon.
G-eorge. TJitenhage. Fort Beaufort. Somerset East. Murraysburg.
Eichmond. Herbert. Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. Natal.
Transvaal (Matebe).

SESUTO : Seshoa BoliloTco. Meaning unknown. The young plant is
cooked as spinach. The ripe fruits are edible. The burnt and
powdered roots are rubbed into incisions made on the lower part of
the back as a cure for lumbago.

S. supinum, Dunal.

Roadsides and mountain slopes. 3-15 in. high. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 533 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstown. Somerset East. G-raaff
Eeiuet. Herbert. G-riqualand West. Orange Free State (near the
Orange River).

SESUTO : Moqhiuyetsane. He who crushes a soft thing. The
crushed fruits are put into fresh milk to make it sour. At a heathen
wedding, the crushed roots are placed on the undigested grass from
the stomach of an ox (or oxen) which has been killed for the feast.
This rite is supposed to protect the newly married couple from I eing
harmed by enemies of the family.

S. aculeatissimum, Jacq.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 18-30 in. high, flowers white.
March. A. Dieterlen, 887 ! ; Natal, near Van Reenen's Pass, 5500 ft.,
Wood, 4515.

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Humansdorp. Somerset East. Transkei.
Pondoland. Natal.

SESUTO : Thola e meutloa. The round prickly thing.

S. panduraeforme, E. Mey.

Slope of the Tsikoane Mountain, Leribe District, and also at Leribe,
6-18 in. high, flowers white or violet. Autumn (November).
A. Dieterlen, 433 ! (ex parte), 928 ! 713 ! (ex parte} Thaba Unchu,
February, Burke, 415 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Tembuland. East Griqualaud. Natal.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 209

Griqualaud West. Orange Free State (Modder River). Bechuaiialand
(Barolong Territory). Transvaal (near Pretoria, near Johannesburg,
near Barberton, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO: Tholana. The small " Thola " (round thing). "Thola"
is the name of many Solanaceae ; it refers to the spherical shape of the
fruit. A medicine for toothache.

S. tomentosum, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 15-30 in. high, flowers mauve. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 478! 433! (exparte).

DISTRIBUTION: Namaqualaud Minor. Clanwilliam. Worcester.
Paarl. Cape. Caledou. Swellendam. Knysna. Humansdorp.
Uiteuhage. Albany. Port Beaufort. Queenstown. Prince Albert.
Somerset East. Beaufort West, Colesberg. Fraserburg. Natal.
Orange Free State (Orange River).

SESUTO: Thola e nyenyane. The small "Thola." A medicine for
sore throat.

S. incanum, Linn.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 10-35 in. high, flowers white
or mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 103 ! 713!; mountain slopes above
the Mission Station, spreading bush, 1-3 ft. high, flowers bluish,
common, Phillips, 537 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5300 ft..
Bolus, 8219.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Bedford. Foi-t Beaufort. Queens-
town. Somerset East. Tembulaud. Pondoland. Natal. Orange
Free State (near Orange River, Vredet'ort). Bechuanaland (Baroloiig
Territory). Transvaal (near Lydenburg, near Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Thola. See S. panduraeforme and 8. tomentosum.

Madame Dieteiien's No. 103 has the leaves densely tomentose above
and agrees with a specimen collected by Dr. Kolbe at Salisbury which
is labelled S. incanum, Linn., in the Bolus Herbarium.

S. capense, Linn.

Dry places on veldt and by roadsides. 4-12 in. high, flowers white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 136!; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5400 ft., December, Bolus !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Kuysua. Humansdorp. Alexandria.
Albany. Fort Beaufort. Queenstowu. Prince Albert. Somerset
East. Graaff Reinet, Victoria West. Pondoland. East Griqua-
laud. Natal. Transvaal (near Johannesburg).

SESUTO: Monyak/i. Meaning unknown. Moqhinyetsane. For
meaning see S. ,>?/_/</'/////. Used to sour milk.

14

210 Annals of the South African Museum.

PHYSALIS, Linn.

P. peruviana, Linn.

Lefi's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, flowers yellow with a
dark centre, Phillips, 845 ! ; Basutoland, Mequatleng, Cooper, 710 !
DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Knysna. Transvaal (near Lydenburg).
This is the " Cape Gooseberry."

WITHANIA, Pauq.
W. somnifera, Dim.

Mountain slopes. 10-40 in. high, flowers cream. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 14 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Cape. Swellendam. Oudtshooru.
Uitenhage. Alexandria. Albany. Somerset East. Fraserburg.
Beaufort West. Graaff Reinet. Aliwal North. Tembuland. Natal.
Griqualaud West. Transvaal (Wonderboom Poort, Lebombo
Mountains).

SESUTO : Moferangope. He who overhangs a donga. Bofepha.
Meaning unknown., The natives believe that through witchcraft a
small reptile (" nohana ") may be introduced into the body. To get
lid of this animal a decoction of the plant is either drunk or taken as
an enema, or the burnt plant is powdered, mixed with fat, and the
anus rubbed with the mixture. Madame Dieterlen states that it is
only since the Morosi war of 1879 that this belief has gained currency
in Basutoland.

NICANDRA, Adans.
N. physaloides, Gaertn.

Mountain slopes and as an escape in gardens. 5-38 in. high, flowers
mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 621 !

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : LinyooJco. Gall bladders (in reference to the shape of the
calyx).

LYCIUM, Linn.
L. acutifolium, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. Shrub, 5-8 ft. high, flowers mauve. Autumn,
Cana, Tejatejanay District. A. Dieterlen, 9 ! (ex parte).

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Tembuland. Natal.

SESUTO : Moretlo. Moretloa. Meanings unknown. The smoke
from the burning plant is supposed to drive away an approaching
hailstorm.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau ami Environs. 211

L. Kraussii, Dunal.

River banks, veld and mountain slopes. Bush, 2-5 ft. high,
flowers pale mauve. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 11 !

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage.

SESUTO : Mosiikutsoane. Meaning unknown. Moferefere. Trouble.
Parts of the plant are smoked as a cui'e for headache. The branches
are burnt and crushed, and the powder rubbed into incisions made on
the hands or feet as a cure for rheumatism.

L. sp. nov. ?

Branches pilose. Leaves solitary, 1-2 cm. long, about 1 cm. broad,
elliptic, acute, narrowed into a short petiole below, pilose. This was
a single specimen without flowers, mounted on the same sheet as
Dieturlen, No. 9.

DATURA, Linn.

D. Stramonium, Linn.

Mountain slopes and near villages. 8-42 in. high, flowers white or
mauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 91 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Colesberg. Transvaal (Pretoria, Lyden-
burg ) .

SESUTO : Lechoe. Letjoi. Meanings unknown. A decoction is
prepared from the- plant with which to bathe bruises. Although a
weed, this plant is found in native villages, where it serves as a
shelter for chic -ens tint would otherwise fall an easv prey to the
hawks.

NICOTIANA, Linn.

N. glauca, R. Graham.

Kloofs and mountain slopes. Shrub, 6-9 ft. high, flowers yellow.
Autumn. Fu bane, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 849 !

DISTRIBUTION : Common as an escape throughout South Africa.

SESUTO : Tabaka Bume. Tobacco tree (Dutch" Tabak Boein "').

N. rustica, Linn.

A cultivated plant. 15-35 in. high, flowers gyellow. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 45 !

DISTRIBUTION : Introduced.

SESUTO: Koae. Tobacco. The leaves are smoked, also made into
a snuff. Given to children with a cold in the head to make them
sneeze.

212 Annals of the South African Museum.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.

DIASCIA, LiwA-. & Otto.

D. rotundifolia, Hieru.

Natal, Polela, 4-5000 ft., March, Wood, 4582 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

D. Barberae, Hook. f.

Roadside in the Caledon Pass, leading from Witzie's Hoek into
Basutoland, c. 7875 ft,, December, flowers pink, Thode, 40 ! ; Tsitsa
Footpath, 7600 ft., March, flowers pink, Galpin, 6784! ; in Pot River
Berg Forest, 5500 ft., Galpin, 6785 !

DISTRIBUTION: Somerset East.

D. cordata, N. E. Br.

Natal, Tiger Cave Valley, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 382 ; Polela, 4-5000 ft.,
Wood, 4582 !; G-iant's Castle Mtn., 6000 ft., A. Bult<* in Herb Gutlirie,
4877! partly.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

D. integerrima, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 1-3 ft. high, flowers bright pink. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 369 !; in scrub below Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 7100 ft.,
March, flowers pink, Galpin, 6782 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality,
Cooper, 743 ! ; rocky places on the Wittebergeu, 6-7000 ft., Drege.
3606c. ; Wolve Xop, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Middleburg (Cape). East G-riqualand.

SESUTO : Bolao ba litorba. The love philtre of the mice. Use
unknown.

D. capsularis, Benth.

Slope of Makhoaraiie Mtn., Morija District, 6-20 in. high, flowers
bright pink. Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 983 !

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Alexandria. Albany. Somerset East.
Graaff Reiuet. Albert. Colesberg. Stockenstroom. Tembuland.

SESUTO : Malaria konyana a maholo. The intestines of the big
lamb. Bolao ba litorba bo boholo. The big love philtre of the mice.

D. purpurea, N. E. Br.

Drakensbergen, in Tiger Cave Valley, among .grass, 6-7000 ft.,
Evans, 377. Very rare.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 213

D. rigescens, E. Mey.

Mountain slopes. 6-30 in. high, flowers pink. Summer. Mala-
vaneug, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 874! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft.,
October, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4877 ! partly.

DISTRIBUTION: Stockenstroom. Bathurst. Cathcart. Albany.
King William's Town. Stutterheim. Queenstowu. Tembuland. East
Griqualand. Poudoland.

SESUTO : Boloa ba litoeba. The love philtre of the mice.

NEMESIA, Vent.
N. floribunda, Lehm.

Van Reeneu's Pass, 5-6000 ft., 0. Ktintze.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Riversdale. Uiteuhage. Port Elizabeth.
Albany. Cathcart. Stutterheim. Fraserburg.

N. diffusa. Benth.

Caledon River, Zeylier, 1263.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualaud Minor. Cape. Knysna. Stocken-
stroom. Alexandria. Cradock. Tembulaud. Hope Town '?

N. foetens, Vent.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-20 in. high, flowers pink. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 100 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
5250 ft,, December, flowers pink or white. Bolus, 8224! 8225!,

lanagan, 1869 ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft., January, flowers
purple, Flanagan, 2083 ! ; Doodman's Krans Mtn. and Ben McDhui,
8900-9000 ft,, March, Galpin, 6787, 6788 ; Leribe Common, flowers
pink, lip yellow, Phillips, 523 ! 541 ! 678 ! 922 ! 931 ! 958 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Humansdorp. Albany. Queenstown.
Prince Albert, Somerset East. Grraaff Reinet. Murraysburg.
Beaufort West. Sutherland. Fraserburg. Aliwal North. Albert.
Prieska. Grriqualaucl West, King William's Town. Trauskei.
Tembuland. Natal. Orange Free State (Bethulie, Vaal River).
Transvaal (Heidelberg, near Pretoria, near Johannesburg, near
Barber ton).

SESUTO : Malan 'a Konyana. The intestines of the lamb.

var. latifolia, Hiern.

Mountain slope, Leribe Mtu. above 'Matalane water-course. Flowers
pale pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 300a ! ; Cathkin Peak, 8-10,000 ft.,
November, flowers yellow, A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4876 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Albert. East London. Natal. Orange
Free State. Transvaal (Rhenoster Kop, Oliphant's River).

SESUTO : Malan 'a Konyana. The intestines of the lamb.

214 Annals of the South African Museum.

N. melissaefolia, Benth.

Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft,, April, E. Dyke in Herb. Marloth, 5415 !
and in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric., 5490 ! ; near Buffalo River Waterfall,
7100 ft,, March, Galpin, 6786.

DISTRIBUTION: Knvsna. Uitenhage. Alexandria. Albany. Fort

tt

Beaufort. Queenstown. Somerset East. Colesberg. Stutterheim.
East Griqualand. Pondoland. Natal. Orange Free State.

N. pubescens, Beuth.

Mountain slopes. 5-30 in. high, flowers pale mauve. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 300 !

DISTRIBUTION: Unioudale. Graaff Reinet. Prince Albert. Albert.
Hanover. Tenibuland. Natal.

SESUTO : Bohume ba litoala. The intestines of the lamb.

var. glabrior, Benth.
Thaba Unchu, Burke.
DISTRIBUTION : G-raaff Reinet, Middleburg- (Cape).

N. albiflora, N. E. Br.

Foot of Mont-aux-Sources, near Eland's River, 6800 ft., January,
Flanagan, 2105 ! ; Drakensbergen, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 58.

DISTRIBUTION : Albert. Orange Free State (Bethlehem).

DICTIS, Bentlt.
D. reptans, Beuth.

Damp and shady spots in ravines and mountain slopes. 3-20 in.
high, flowers white or pale mauve Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen,
242 ! 329 ! ; rocky places at Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft.,
December, Bolus, 8223 ! ; Flanagan, 1862 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5600 ft.,
March, Schlechter, 6982 !

DISTRIBUTION : George. Knysua. Alexandria. Port Elizabeth.
Bathurst. Albany. Fort Beaufort. Cradock. Stockenstroom.
Komgha. Transkei. Tenibuland. Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal
(Spitzberg, Vaal River, near Crocodile River).

SESUTO : Pdnye. Meaning unknown. Koenana. The small croco-
dile.

LINARIA, Tournef.

L. vulgar is, Mill.

Slopes of Eland's River Mountains, 6600 ft., Schlechter, 4003.
DISTRIBUTION : Introduced.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 215

HALLERIA, Linn.
H. lucida. Linn.

Among rocks on mountain slopes. Shrub, 1-4 ft. high, flowers
reddish-brown. Spring. A. Dieterlen, 179 !; Basutoland, without
precise locality, among rocks, flowers yellow, Cooper, 701 !

DISTRIBUTION: Clanwilliam. Worcester. Paarl. Cape. Caledou.
Swellendam. Uitenhage. Bathurst. Albany. Somerset East. Wode-
house. Port Elizabeth. King William's Town. Stockenstroom. East
Grriqualaud. Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria, Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Lebetsa. He who throws. In spring the plant is burnt
and the ashes mixed with fat. The mixture is smeared on pegs which
are placed in the ground round the village and cultivated lands as a
charm against evil. This custom is renewed every year for each
heathen village. In autumn the fruits are buried in the ground to
hasten their ripening. Native children suck the juice from the
flowers.

PHYGELIUS, E. Mey.
P. capensis, E. Mey.

Banks of Caledon River, Leribe District. 20-45 in. high, flowers
bright red. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 456 ! ; Eland's River Valley, near
Mout-aux-Sources, 6000 ft. January, Flanagan, 2018! 2019 !; streamlet,
near Buffalo River Waterfall, 7800 ft., March, flowers red, Galpin,
6790 ! ; Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 2818 ; by streams
on Wittebergen, 5-7000 ft., Dr!>ge, 7875.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Stockenstroom. Bedford. Queeustown.
Somerset East. Grraaff Reiuet. Murraysburg. Albert. East Griqualand.

SESUTO : Mafifi-maiso. Black darkness (so named because the plant
turns black when dried). Metsi-matso. Black water. The powder
from the burnt roots is placed in incisions made on the body to cure
numbness in the limbs. Used by witch-doctors as a charm against
hail damaging the crops.

P. aequalis, Harv.

Eland's River Mtn., 7600 ft., SchlecUer, 3848; Eland's River, near
the Mont-aux- Sources, 6000 ft., January, Flanagan, 2019 ! ; Basutoland
at 8000 ft., Sanderson (Hellish), 645. '

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (MacMac, Barberton, Lyden-
burg).

BOWKERIA, Harv.
B. simplicifolia, MacOw.

Eland's River, near the Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., Flanagan, 2000 ;
Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 5256.

216 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION: Stockenstroom. Queenstown. King William's
Town. Terabuland. East Griqualand

B. triphylla, Harv., var. pubescens, O. Kuntze.
Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., Kuntz?.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

MANULEA, Linn.
M. bellidifolia, Beuth.

Ben McDhui, 9300 ft., March, Galpin, 6805 ! ; stony and rocky places
on the Wittebergen, 7-8000 ft., Drtge, 7919d.

DISTKIBUTION : Alexandria. Bathurst. Albany. Queenstown.
Somerset East.

M. thodeana, Diels.

Mont-aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft., Thode, 72.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

M. crassifolia, Benth.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, flowers white. Spriug-
Autumii. A. Dieterlen, 24 !; damp spots on mountain slopes. 10-20 in.
high, flowers crimson and pink. Summer. Cana. A. Dieterlen, 309 ! ;
frequent round Leribe plateau, flowers white, Phillips, 571 ! 642 ! 869 !
960 ! ; Better's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, flowers
white, Bolus, 8229 ! ; near Harrismith, Wood, 4808 ; Caledon River,
Zeyher, 1281 ! Witteberg Range, Drege ; Natal, Drakensbergen Range,
Evan*, 381.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Graaff Reiuet. Murraysburg.
Beaufort West. Wodehouse. Molteno. Albert. Aliwal North.
Trauskei. East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (near Kloete, near
Middleburg, Carolina).

SESUTO : FukutJioane. Meaning unknown. Nohan' a metsana.
The small snake of the little water. A preparation is made from this
and applied to swollen navels in infants.

M. paniculata, Benth.

Mountain slopes, near rocks. 15-40 in. high, flowers cream or
yellow. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 436 ! ; Caledon River,
Zeyher, 1280 ! ; mountain slopes, south of Mission Station, flowers
white, Phillips, 689 ! ; slopes south of Leribe plateau, above Khaniane,
flowers white, drying reddish-brown, Phillips, 916!; Wittebergen,
Cooper, 1374.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Wodehouse. Pondoland. East
Griqualand. Orange Free State (Wolve Kop, Bethlehem). Trans-
vaal (Standerton, Pretoria, Johannesburg).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. -17

SESUTO : Lephophdma. That which boils hard. Bolao. Philtre.
'Ma Machorotsa. The mother of " Machorotsa." A strong emetic.
As a cure for headache, the head is washed in a lotion prepared from
the bruised leaves and branches.

SUTERA, Both.
S. polelensis, Hiern.

Drakens.bergeu, Cathkiu Peak, 8000 ; November, A. Bolus in Herb.
Guthrie, 4949! ; near Polela, 6-7000 ft, Evans, 518.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. caerulea, Hieru.

Basutolaud, near Buffalo River Waterfall, 8250-8400 ft., March,
Galpin, 6800, 6801! ; Natal, Mohlamba Range, 5-6000 ft., Sutherland ;
Van Reeuen's Pass and Charlestowu, 5-6000 ft., 0. Kuntze; Caledon
River, Burke, 222.

DISTRIBUTION : Vein Rhyusdorp. Worcester. Cape. Swellendam.
Riversdale. Mossel Bav. Willowmore. Humansdorp. Wodehouse.

j

Komgha. Orange Free State (Bloemf ontein) . Transvaal (Oliphaut's
River, Botsabelo, Magaliesberg, Wonderf ontein, Belfast, Lydenburg).

S. neglecta, Hiern.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 6 20 in. high, flowers mauve-pink.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 4'Jl ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft.. April,
E. Dyke in Herb. Marloth, 5412 !, in Herb. Musei Austro-Afnc., 5488!;
Van Reeueu, 5000 ft., March, Schlechter, 6922! 5-600U ft., Wood,
4563 ; mountain slopes, above Mission Station, flowers mauve, Phillips,
630 ! ; mountain slopes, south of Mission Station at the side of a stream,
flowers mauve, Phillips, 707!; near Harrismith, 5-6000 ft,, February,
Wood, 4817!

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Devil's Knuckles, Hoogeveld, Lake
Chrissie, Middleburg, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Moaldlela. Meaning unknown.

S. breviflora, Hieru.

Drakensbergen, Polela, 5-6000 ft., February, Evans, 631 ! : Drakeus-
bergen Range, Evans, 392.

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. East Cfriqualand.

S. brachiata, Roth.

Slopes of Makhoarane Mount, Morija District. 6-20 in. high,
flowers pink. Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 985 ! ; top of Witte-
bergen, Cooper, 2872.

218 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Piquetberg. Tulbagh. Paarl. Cape.
Stellenbosch. Caledon. Bredasdorp. Riversdale. Albany.

SESUTO : Mopota-mafika. He who surrounds the rocks. Mixed
with Senecio rJii/ncholoemus, a medicine is prepared for use in chest
complaints.

S. floribunda, O. Kuntze.

Under rocks on mountain slopes. 3-15 in. high, flowers white.
Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 325 ! ; under rocks on summit of Pot
River Berg, c. 6400 ft., March, Galpin, 6802 ! ; Van Reenen's Pass,
0. Kuntze.

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Tembuland. East Griqualand. Orange
Free State (Bethlehem). Transvaal (Houtbosch, Pilgrim's Rest,
Waterval, Belfast).

SESUTO : Boluma. This is a general name for plants employed to
cure chest colds in children. A decoction is prepared from the roots,
stems and leaves and given to the child in milk or " pap."

S. cordata, O. Kuntze, var. hirsutior, Hiem.
Wittebergeu, 5-6000 ft,, Drege.
DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. Tembuland.

S. latifolia, Hiern.

Kornet Spruit, between the Orange and Caledon Rivers, 5-6000 ft.,
Zeyher.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. Cooperi, Hiern.

Basutoland, near Bethesda, Cooper, 732.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. aurantiaca, Hiern.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-12 in. high, flowers red or yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 198 ! ; without precise locality, Cooper, 2860 ;
near stream on Leribe plateau, on a damp bank, flowers red, Pliillij^.
799 ! 805 ! ; hill near Harrismith, c 5000 ft., February, Wood, 4746 ! ;
Caledon River, January, Zeyher, 1298 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg, Suther-
land.

DISTRIBUTION : Riversdale. Bathurst. Queenstown. Somerset
East. Cradock. Richmond. Aliwal North. Albert. Colesberg.
Hay. Herbert. Hopetowu. Tembuland. Bechuanaland (Kuruman,
Mafeking). Transvaal (Pretoria, Magaliesberg, Lydenburg, Rusten-
burg, Middleburg).

SESUTO : Phiri ea hlaha e nyenyane. The small wolf of the grass.
Use unknown.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 219

S. pristisepala, Hieru.

Mountain slopes. 8-25 in. high, flowers cream or yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 424 ! ; Tsitsa footpath, c. 7250 ft., March, Galpin, 6803 ! ;
Eland's River Valley, near the Mout-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., January,
Flanaijait, 2085 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers dark-coloured, leaves glis-
tening when fresh, scented, Phillips, 951 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Phiri ea hlaha. The wolf of the grass. Use unknown

S. crassicaulis, Hiern.

Wittebergeu, Dri-ge, 7925, Cooper, 597.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Tarkastad. Graaff Eeiuet. Aber-
deen. Murraysburg. Albert. Colesberg. Natal (near Charlestown,
5000 ft.). Orange Free State (Sand River). Transvaal (near Stan-
derton).

var. purpurea, Hiern.

Grassy and stony places near Matehi, Basutolaud, c. 6450 ft.,
January, flowers dark purple or lilac, the whole plant strongly scented,
Thode, 42 ! ; top of Mont-aux-Sources, 11,000 ft,, Evan*, 760.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. mollis, Hieru.

Near the Caledon River, Burke, 441, 368.

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria. Albany. Bedford. Colesberg. Gri-
qualaud West.

S. filicaulis, Hieru.

Near rocks on mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers white.
Spring-Summer-Autunin. A. Dieterlen, 260 ! ; in rocky places on the
Wittebergen, 5-6000 ft., Drt-ge, 7924; mountain slopes behind the
Mission Station and N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, 9-12 in. high,
flowers white, growing under rocks, common, Phillips, 544!, 814!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Mopota-mafika. He who surrounds the rocks. Used as
a medicine for chest coinplaints.

S. Henrici, Hiern.

In open places at Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft.,
January. Bolus, 8228 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland.

S. atropurpurea, Hiern.

Slopes of Qoqolosi Peak. Flowers brown. January. A. Dieterlen f
938! ; a small woody bush, Qoqolosi Peak, Phillips, 939 !, 950 !

220 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Riversdale. Mossel Bay. Albany.
Fort Beaufort. Queenstown. Catbcart. Prince Albert. Cradock.
Burghersdorp. Beaufort West. Richmond. Herbert. Kimberley.
Albert. Transkei. Natal. Bechuanaland (near Takun). Orange
Free State. Transvaal (Sandloop, Klippan).

SESUTO : Phiri ea hlaha ea loti. The " high mountain " wolf of the
grass. Use unknown.

S. aspalathoides, Hiern.

O.F.S., Nieuwejaars Spruit, between the Orange and Caledon
Rivers, 4-5000 ft., Zeyher.

DISTRIBUTION : Bredasdorp. Riversdale. Uniondale. Knysna.
Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth.

S. sp.

Basutoland, near Buffalo River Waterfall, 7500 ft,, March, Galpin,
-6804

ZALUZIANSKYA, F. W. Schmidt.
Z. maritima, Walp.

Mountain slopes. Simple herb, 12-18 in. high, flowers crimson and
white. Summer (January). A. Dieterlen, 909 ! ; Basutolaud, without
precise locality, Cooper, 2847; slopes of theMont-aux-Sources, 7000 ft.,
January, Flanagan, 2035!; Ben MacDhui, 9200-9800 ft,, Galpin,
6795-6798 ; top of the Wittebergen, Dr^je, 7895 ; Natal, Oliver's
Hoek Pass, 5000 ft,, January, Wood, 3489.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Humansdorp. Stockensti-oom. Gathcart,
Stutterheim. King William's Town. Tembuland. East Griqualaud.
Transvaal (near the Crocodile River, Barberton, near Lydenburg,
Pilgrim's Rest).

SESUTO : Theleli ea loti. The " Theleli " of the high mountain.
Lebohlollo. Meaning unknown. Use unknown.

Madame Dieterleii's 968 is probably this species, but the specimen
is very incomplete.

var. bieviflora, Hiern.

Basutoland, Drakensbergen, Sanderson, 647 ; Natal, near Van
Reenen, Schlechter, 6988 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Z. capenris, Walp.

Mountain slopes. 3-30 in. high, flowers white and crimson.
.Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 407 !, 427 ! ; west slopes of Leribe
plateau, corolla lobes dark red, Phillips, 774 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, tube

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 221

brown, lobes dark purple, Phillies, 935 !, 968 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near
Witzie's Hoek, 6000 ft,, January, Flanagan, 2033 ! ; 5300 ft., December,
Bolus, 8220 ! ; slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 7000 ft., December-
January, Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8221 ! ; Basutoland, without
precise locality, Cooper, 2843.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Kuysiia. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth.
Albany. Queenstown. Murraysburg. Graaff Eeinet. Aliwal North.
Albert. Trauskei. East Griqualand. Natal. Orange Free State.

SKSUTO: Selala. He who lies down. Lebohlollo le lent/enyane. The
small " Lei johlollo." Theleli. Derived from "ho thella " to glide.
Use unknown.

Z. dentata, Walp.

Damp spots and hollows on plateau. 8-25 in. Irgh, flowers white
and crimson. Spring. A. Dieterlen, 726 !

DISTRIBUTION : Tulbagh. Paarl. Cape. Caledon. Beaufort
West. Murraysburg. Komgha.

SESUTO : Letaabe. Meaning unknown.

Z. ovata, Walp.

Ben McDhui, 9700 ft,, March, Galpin, 6793 ; stony places on the
Wittebergeii, 7-8000 ft., Drige.

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Natal (near Charlestowu, 5-6000 ft,).

Z distans, Hieru.

Van Reenen's Pass, 5500 ft., Schlechter, 6944 ! ; 5-6000 ft., December,
flowers white, scarlet beneath, Wood, 5171 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Z. montana, Hieru.

Slopes of Malavaneug, Leribe District, flowers white and crimson,
November-February, A. Dieterlen, 929 !, (forma) 959 ! ; Mont-aux-
Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan, 2032 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Letaabe. Meaning unknown. Theleli ea loti. The
" Theleli " of the high mountain.

The flowers in Madame Dieteiien's specimens are smaller than in
the type.

Z. microsiphon, K. Schum.

Natal, Van Reeneu's Pass, 6000 ft., Kuntze ,- Oliver's Hoek Pass,
K/uitze.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

2 Annals of the South African Museum.

Z crocea, Schltr.

Basutoland, near Buffalo Eiver Waterfall, 8500 ft., March, Galpin,
6791 ! ; top of the Wittebergen, Cooper, 614, 2854.

DISTRIBUTION : Queeustown. Albert. ,

Z peiuncularis, Walp.

Veldt and plateau. 2-12 iu. high, flowers yellow and brown.
Winter and early Spring. A. Dieterlen, 191a !, 191b !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Bathurst. Albany. Ceres.

SESUTO : Leniemee. Meaning unknown. Cooked as a vegetable
when young.

Z. alpestris, Diels.

Mountain slopes. 10-25 in. high, flowers crimson and whitish or
cream. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 772 ! ; roadside in Caledon
Pass, leading from Witzie's Hoek into Basutoland, c. 6900 ft., January,
flowers orange-coloured, Thode, 48 ! ; base of Doodman's Krans Mtu.,
8500 ft., March, flowers orange-yellow, Galpin, 6799 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lebohlollo. Meaning unknown.

Galpin, 6799, is a depauperated specimen.

Z. goseloide Diels.

Stony places close under the summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, c.
8550 ft., January, flowers orange-red, Thode, 44 !; " cave " at the foot
of the Mont-aux-Sources, 6800 ft., January, Flanagan, 2034 ! ; Natal,
in the valley of the Little Tugela Eiver, 5-6900 ft., Thode, 70.

DISTRIBUTION: East G-riqualand (Ingeli Mountains).

Z. Flanagan!, Hiern.

Summit of the Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
2036 ! ; Ben McDhui, 9700 ft., March, Galpin, 6792 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

MIMULUS, Linn.

M. gracilis, E. Br.

Damp spots on veldt and mountain slopes. 5-18 in. high, flowers
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 623 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queeiistown. Stockenstroom. Somerset
East. G-raaff Eeinet. Albert. King William's Town. Komgha.
Transkei. Natal. Orange Free State. Transvaal (Houtboscli, near
Lydenburg) .

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 223

SESTJTO : Sehlapetsu. Meaning unknown. A medicine prepared
from this is taken in cases of irregular menstruation. A lotion for
bathing tired and feverish patients is also made from the plant.

LIMOSELLA, Linn.

L. aquatica, Linn, var. tenuifolia, Hook. f.

River bed at Hlotse. |-2 in. high, flowers pale mauve. Spring
(October). A. Dieterlen, 810 ! ; marsh at base of Doodman's Kraus
Mtu., 8500 ft., March, Galpin, 6806 ; top of Quaqua Mtu., Witzie's

Hoek, Thode.

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queeustown. East Griqualand. Natal.
Orange Free State. Transvaal (Lake Chrissie, Trigard's Fonteiu, near
Bronkhurst Eiver).

SESUTO : Pua-metsi. The water mole. Used by the witch-doctor
when working the divining bones.

L. major, Diels.

Water courses. 2-6 in. high, flowers pale mauve. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 535a ! ; stream on plateau, flowers white, Phillips, 785.

DISTRIBUTION : East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Aapie's
Eiver, near Johannesburg, Houtbosch, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Tsika-metsi. Around the water. Yoang ba metsi. The
grass of the water. See note under L. aquatica, var.

L. longiflora, O. Kuntze.

Van Eeenen's Pass, 6000 ft., Kuntze, 108.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

L. capensis, Thunb.

Water courses. 12 in. high, flowers mauve. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 535b ! ; Ben McDhui, 9700 ft., March, Galpin, 6807.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Malmesbury. Cape. Eiversdale.
Swellendam. Uitenhage. Queenstown. Sutherland. Albert. Molteno.
Middleburg. G-raaff Eeinet. Orange Free State (Sand Eiver Hills,
Zaai Hoek, near Vredefort Eoad). Ti'ansvaal (between Porter and
Trigard's Fontein).

SESUTO : Yoang ba tnetsi bo bonyenyane. The small grass of the
water. Tsika-tnetsi e nyenyane. The small " Tsika-metsi." See note
under L. aquatica, var.

L. grandiflora, Benth.

In standing water on plateau. 2-4 in. high, flowers mauve. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 682 !

224 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstowu. Riversdale. Uiteuhage. Bathurst.
Richmond. Komgha. Natal. Hay. Orange Free State (Kanou
Fontein, Vredefort Road). Transvaal (Vaal River, near Lyden-
burg).

SESUTO : Boliba. Water holes. See note under L. aquatica, var.

CRATEROSTIG-MA, Hochst.
C. Wilmsii, Engl.

Eland's River Valley, at the foot of the Mont-aux-Sources. Bhi*.
8230.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (MacMac, Houtbosch, Donkerhoek,
Hell's Grate, near Johannesburg;.

VERONICA, Tournef.
V. anagallis, Linn.

Damp spots on the mountain slopes. 2-25 in. high, flowers bluish-
niauve. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 135 !, 507 ! ; ravine on west slopes of
Leril>e plateau, flowers bluish, Phillips, 771 ! ; Basutolaud, without
precise locality, Cooper; Natal, Upper Tugela, January, Wood, 3561.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Clanwilliam. Malmesbury.
Cape. Kiiysna. Uitenhage. Albany. Fort Beaufort. Queeustown.
G-raaff Reinet. Beaufort West. Komgha. Transkei. Natal. Gri-
qualand West. Orange Free State (Vredefort Road). Transvaal
(Mooi River, near Pretoria, Matebe Valley, Johannesburg) . Bechuana-
land (Mooye River).

SESUTO : Moyhoboghobo o monyenyane. The small " Moghobogliobo."
Moghoboghobo. Meaning unknown.

GrLUMICALYX, Hiern.
G. montanum, Hiern.

Slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft , Flanagan, 2018.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

MELASMA,
M. scabrum, Berg.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 10-25 in. high, flowers pale yellow
with a brown centre. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 532 ! ; ravine between
the Mission Station and Jonathan's Village, flowers yellow, PlnUipa,
720 bis ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, Wood, 6696 ; between Trent Kop and
Antelope Park, 5000 ft., March, Galpin, 6808.

DISTRIBUTION : Worcester. Cape. Stellenbosch. Caledou Knysua.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 225

Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Somerset East. Stutterheim.
Tembuland. Pondoland. Zululand. Transvaal (Spitz Kop, near
Barberton, near Lydenburg, Houtboscli).

SESUTO : Tika-letga Surrounding the lake (or pond). Use
unknown.

M. capense, Hiern.

Wittebergen, Drege; Natal, 4-7000 ft., Wood.

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Humansdrop. Uitenhage. Alex-
andria. Bathurst. Albany. Port Beaufort, Queeustown. Somerset
East G-raaff Reinet. Aliwal North. Colesberg. Albert. Komgha.
Natal. Transvaal (Pere Kop, Lydenburg, Houtboscli).

M. sessiliflorum, Hieru.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 4-12 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 684 !

DISTRIBUTION: Clanwilliam. Tulbagh. Worcester. Paarl. Caledon.
Kuysua. George. Cape. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. G-raaff
Eeinet. Komgha, Tembuland. Poudoland. East G-riqualaud Natal.
G-riqualaud West.

SESUTO : Mokhele. The name of a stick decorated with feathers and
cai'ried with the shield as a dance ornament. The plant having leaves
all along the stem is supposed to resemble the " Mokhele."

M. orobanchoides, Engl.

Mountain slopes. 3-12 in. high, flowers dark yellow. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 432a ! ; Thaba Unchu, Burke, 444.

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Graaff Reiuet. Aliwal North.
Kimberley. Natal. Bechuanaland (Mafeking). Orange Free State
(Sand River, near Bethulie). Transvaal (Pere Kop, Lydenburg
District, Houtboscli Mtn.).

SESUTO: Seona. He who gets spoilt (or withered) quickly. Use
unknown.

M. basuticum, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba parasitica, 10-28 cm. alta.
Caules scabridi, pilis bulbosis tecti. Folia l-3'5 em. longa, '7-1 '3 cm.
lata, ovata, ovato-lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata, saepe acuminata,
apice obtusa, super subtusque dense scabrida pilis bulbosis. Flores
axillares, in spicani dispositi. Bracteolae 7-9 mm. longae, 1'5 mm.
latae, lineares, apice acutae. subtus scabridae, intus glabrae. Tubus
calycis 9 mm. longus, campanulatus, scabridus, intus glaber ; lobi
7 mm. longi, basi 4-6'5 mm. lati, ovati, apice acuti, scabridi. Tubus
corollae 1'3 cm. longus, campanulatus, glaber ; lobi 6 mm. longi, 6 mm.
lati, ovati, apice obtusi. Stamina 4 ; filamenta 7 mm. longa, linearia,

15

--(> Annals of the Soidh African Museum.

omnia barbata ; antherae 3-3'5 mm. lougae, 1'5 mm. latae, oblongae,
mucronatae. Ovarium 4 mm. longum, 4 mm. latum, globosum,
glabrum ; stylus 1'4 cm. longus, infra compressus, supra carnosus
lingulatusque. Fructus 8 mm. longus, 7 mm. latus, globosus, niger ;
semina 1*5 mm longa, '5 mm. lata, linearia ; testa inflata, membra-
nacea.

A parasitic herb 10-28 cm. high, simple or branched at the base.
Stems scabrid, with bulbous-base hairs. Leaves l-3 - 5 cm. long,
"7-T3 cm. broad, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, fre-
quently acuminate, obtuse, densely scabiid above and beneath with
bulbous-base hairs. Flowers axillary, arranged in a spike. Bracts
similar to the leaves ; bracteoles 7-9 mm. long, l - 5 mm. broad, linear,
acute, scabrid without, glabrous within Calyx-tube 9 mm. long,
campanulate, scabrous without, glabrous within ; lobes 7 mm. long,
4-(r5 mm. broad at the base, ovate-triangular, acute, scabrid without.
Corolla yellow, distinctly marked with dark veiuings ; tube 1'3 cm.
long, campanulate, glabrous ; lobes 6 mm. long, mm. broad, ovate,
obtuse. Stamens 4; filaments 7 mm. long, linear, all bearded ; anthers
3-3'5 mm. long, l - 5 mm. broad, oblong, mucroiiate. Ovary 4 mm.
long, 4 mm. broad, globose, glabrous ; style T4 cm. long, compressed
in the lower half, widened into a fleshy tongue-shaped portion above.
Fruit 8 mm. long, 7 mm. broad, globose, black. Seeds numerous,
15 mm. long, '5 mm. broad, linear, with a loose transparent veined
membranous testa.

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow April. A Dieterlen, 432b.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Mo! nut '>*}. He who stands alone.

Verv near M. capense, Hiern, from which it can at once be distin-
guished bv the bulbous-base hairs which densely cover the stem and

o

leaves. The flowers closely resemble those of M. <-<ipense, Hiern, but
the stanieus are all mucronate, and the upper thickened portion of the
style differs slightly. Hiern (Fl. Cap. IV, ii, 373) mentions that in
M. capense "2 of the filaments densely bearded along one side," but
I find in a specimen collected by Zeyher at the Zwartkops Eiver, and
cited by Heirn as M. capense, that all the filaments are bearded.

STEIGA, Lour.

S. orobanchoides, Beuth.

Fields and mountain slopes. 3-10 in. high, flowers pale pink.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 150 ! ; ravine on west slopes of plateau, flowers
white, Phillips, 618 ! ; Wittebergen, Dr!-<je.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 227

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Uitenhage. Fort Beaufort. Cath-
cart. Jausenville. Cradock. Grraaff Reinet. Komgha. Trauskei or
Tembuland. Natal.

SESTJTO : Seona. See Melasma orobanclwides. The natives have
observed that wheu this plant appears abundantly in the lauds the
crops suffer. See articles under " Rooibloem " in the 'Agricultural
Journal.'

S. Thunbergii, Beuth.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-15 in. high, flowers dark violet.
Summer Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 527 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers pinkish,
Phillips, 984!; Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2832;
Wolve Kop, Tliaba Uuchu, and the Caledon River, Burke ; Witte-
bergen, Drege, 2297d.

DISTRIBUTION: Uitenhage. Albany. Fort Beaufort. Queenstown.
Cradock. G-raaff Reinet. Albert. Stockeustroom. Komgha.
Transkei. Poudoland. East Gfriqualand. Natal. Bee huaria laud
i !i>'ar Hamaprey). Orange Free State (Bloemfontein). Transvaal
(Johannesburg, near Lydenburg, near Heidelberg, Kudu's Poort, Pre-
toria, Magaliesberg, Rustenburg).

SESUTO : Seona. See Melasma or obancJi miles.

S. elegans, Benth.

Veld, inounlain slopes, and plateau. 3-9 in. high, flowers pink or
white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 526 ! ; slopes between the Mission
Station and Jonathan's Village, flowers pale pink, occasional, Phillips,
561!; Thaba Unchu, Burke, 443!, Zet/Jtrr, 1278!; between Kraai
River and the Wittebergen, 4-5000 ft., Dri><je, 3591b ; Caledon River,
Burke, 369 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstown. Cathrart. Stutterheim.
Albert. Komgha. Transkei. Teinbuland Natal. Bechuanaland
(at Hamaprey, between Maf eking and Ramoutsa). Ti-ansvaal (near
Pretoria, Botsalielo, near Standertou, near Lydenburg. nt-ai' Bronk-
hurst Road, Johannesburg).

SESUTO : >Vo my. See

S. lutea, Lour

Veld. 3-10 in. high, flowers bright red. Autumn. A. Dieterlen,
699!

DISTRIBUTION : Fort Beaufort. Bathurst. East G-riqualand. Natal.
Delagoa Bay. Bechuanaland (Mafeking). Transvaal (Matabele
Valley, near Pretoria, Barberton, near Lydenburg .

SESUTO : Seona. ,See Mtlasma orobanchoides

228 Annals <>f the South African Museum.

SOPUBIA, Hamilt.
S. simplex, Hochst.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus,
8232!

DISTRIBUTION : Kirysna. Uitenhage. Komgha. Pondoland. Teni-
bulaucl. Natal. Zululand. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Devil's Kantoor,
Heidelberg).

S. cana, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 6-18 in. high, flowers pink. Summer.

A. Dieterlen, 336 ! ; ravine (Lefi's Kloof) on N.E. slopes of Leribe
plateau, flowers pink, among grass at the entrance of Kloof, Phillips,
852! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5000ft., December, Flanagan,
2087 ! ; Bolus, 8233 !

DISTRIBUTION . Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton, near
Lydenburg, Houtbosch, near Pretoria, Wilge Eiver).

SESUTO : Pidumo-tsoeu. The white gnu. A decoction made from
this plant and Salvia runcinata is taken by pregnant women who are
threatened with a miscarriage ; also used in cases of painful men-
struation.

S. trifida, Hamilt.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 7-22 in. high, flowers carmine.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 443.

DISTRIBUTION: Natal. Transvaal (Hell's Grate, Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Khototieo ea liliba. The " Khototieo " of the springs.
Lebohlollo. Meaning unknown. Use unknown.

BUCHNEEA, Linn.

B. dura, Benth.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 6-22 in. high, flowers white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 752 !

DISTRIBUTION : Ceres. Worcester. Caledou. Knysna. Uiten-
hage. Port Elizabeth. Alexandria. Bathurst. Albany. King
William's Town. Stutterheim. Komgha. Trauskei. Tembuland.
Pondoland. Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton, Spitzkop,
near Middleburg).

SESUTO : Seona. See Melasma orobanchoides.

B. reducta, Hiern.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 3-8 in. high, flowers dark violet.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 680 !

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (no locality).

SESUTO : Seona, See Melasma orobanchoides.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 229

CYCNIUM, E. Mey.

C. racemosum, Benth.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 6300 ft., December, Bolus, 8231 ! ;
Nelson's Kop, Cooper, 894; Natal, Cathkiu Peak, 6500 ft., A. Bolus
in Herb. Guthrie ! ; Drakensbergen, Evans, 355.

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Stockenstroom. Transkei. Tembu-
land. Pondoland. Natal. Transvaal (Pilgrim's Best, MacMac,
Houtbosch, Barberton).

HAEVEYA, Hook.

H. coccinea, Schltr.

Mountain slopes. 4-15 in. liigb, flowers pink. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 431 ! ; ravine on West slopes of Leribe plateau, calyx
yellow, inside of corolla pale pink, yellow outside, Phillips, 629 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Bredasdorp. Stockenstroom. Queenstown.
East Griqualand. Natal.

SESUTO : Seona. See Melasma orobanchoides.

H. pumila, Scliltr.

Mountain slopes. 1| 2| in. high, flowers dark pink. Spring-
Summer. Sebothoane, Leribe District. A. Dieterlen, 697 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown.

SESUTO : Mo-shoa-feela. He who dies.

H. hyobanchoides, Schltr.

Mountain slopes, Leribe mountains. 6 in. high, flowers yellow.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 430a !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Humansdorp.

SESUTO : Seona. See Melasma orobanchoides.

H. speciosa, Bernh.

Mountain slopes and river banks. 5-18 in. high, flowers white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 430!; near the Caledon Eiver, Burke, 416,
Zeyher, 1279 ; foot of the Wittebergen, Cooper, 624.

DISTRIBUTION : Stockeustroom. Bedford. Transkei. Tembuland.
East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal (near Barberton, Spitz Kop).

SESUTO : Seona. See Melasma orobanchoides. Mokunyi Derived
from the verb " ho kunya " to lift up. A medicine supposed to be
a cure for madness is prepared from this species.

230 Annals of the South African

LBNTIBULARIEAE.

UTEICULAEIA, Linn.

TJ. Ecklonii, Spreng.

Water courses and springs on plateau. Flowers white. Summer.
4. Dieterlen, 781 !

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Tulbagh. Cape. Caledon.
Eiversdale. Uitenliage. Somerset East. G-raatt' Eeinet. Bechuana-
laud. Transvaal (Houtbosch).

SESUTO : Tlawana sa met si. The little water plant. Use unknown.

U. exoleta, E. Br.

Natal, Mohlamba Eange, 5-6000 ft., Sutherland.
DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Eustenburg,
near Crocodile Eiver, Bosch Veld).

U. humilis, Phillips, sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. B). Herba aquatica, 1-2 cm.
alta, glabra. Folia 1 cm. longa, supra - 75 mm. lata, linearia, apiee
obtusa, basi angustata. Bracteue 1 mm. longae, lineares, apice obtusae.
Sejwla 2'5 mm. longa, 1'5 mm. lat.i, elliptica, apice obtusa. Corolla
6 mm. longa ; palatum rugosum. Filamenta 1 mm. louga ; a.ntherae
"5 mm. longae. Ovaritan planum, 1 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum,
ellipticum, glabruni ; stylus '5 mm. longas ; stigma plauum, - 75 mm.
latum.

Small plants 1-2 cm. high. Brandies glabrous. Leaves all radical,
about 1 cm. long, -75 mm. broad above, linear, obtuse, narrowing and
hyaline towards the base. Bracts 1 mm. long, linear, obtuse. Flowers
solitary, subsessile, 8 mm. long. Pedicel 1 mm. long, terete. Sejiiifs
2 - 5 mm. long, 15 mm. broad, elliptic, obtase, deeply concave, glabrous.
Corolla pink ; lower lip 4 mm. long, ovate below, slightly constricted
in the middle and then produced into a.n oblong portion, truncate ;
upper lip 6 mm. long, hooded, rounded above, produced at the base
into a spur 5 mm. long ; palate transversely rugose. Filaments about
1 mm. long ; anthers - 5 mm. long. Ovary flattened 1 mm. long, 1 mm.
broad, elliptic, glabrous ; style '5 mm. long, thickened ; stigma flattened,
1'75 mm. broad. Placenta shortly stalked, about "5 mm. long, - 5 mm.
broad, ovate, truncate. Ovules numerous. Fruit not seen.

Near U. transrugosa, Stapf., but differs in the size and shape of the
flowers.

Leribe plateau. November. A. Dieterlen, 925.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Tlamana sa metsi. The little water-plant.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 231

GESNERACEAE.

STREPTOCARPUS, Lindl.
S. pusilla, Harv.

Slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., January, Flanaynt.
2099 ! ; Natal, Drakensberg, near De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft,, March,
flowers light blue, Wood, 6021 ! ; stony places on the Drakensbergen,
5-6000 ft., November, flowers white and pink, Wood, 6275 !

DISTRIBUTION: East Griqualand. Transvaal (Carolina).

S. Rexii, Lindl.

Orange Free State, Drakensbergen, flowers blue and white, Cooper,
1031 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5500 ft., January, flowers lilac, Wood,
10724.

DISTRIBUTION: Somerset East. Stutterheim. East Griqualand.
Transvaal (Kaffir Creek).

ACANTHACEAE.

CHAETACANTHUS, Ness.
C. Burchellii, Ness.

Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., November, flowers white, Wood,
9722 ! ; Tli.-tba Unchu, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Trigard's
Fontein. near Lydenburg. MacMac, Standerton, Barbertnu).

BLEPHARIS, J-U88.

B. subvolubilis, C. B. Cl.

Thaba Unchu, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal ( Barberton).

B. espinosa, Phillips, sp. nov. (PL II, fig. A). Planta prostrata.
Kami strictis pilis teeti. Folia l-7'5 cm. louga, - 3-L3 cm. luta.
lanceolata, elliptico-oblonga vel oblonga, apice obtusa, basi attenuate,
glabra, glaudulosa, Inflorescentia 2-4-florifera, 3-3'5 cm. longa,
2-3'5 cm. lata. Bracteae 2'5-3 cm. longae, 1-1 -2 cm. latae, obovatae,
acuniinatae, spiuosae, glabrae. Bracteolae L9-2 cm. longae, 2 mm.
latae, acuniinatae, apice acutae, basi angustatae, glabrae, subtus uni-
costatae. Sepalum anticum 2 cm. longum, supra 5 mm. latum, liueare,
apice bideiitatum, basi augustatum concavunique, subtus 2-costatum,
supra paucis pilis tectum ; sepalum posticum 2'3 cm. longum, supra
5 mm. latum, lineare, apice obtusum, scariosumque, subtus 3-4-costatum

232 Annals of the South African Museum.

pilosumque ; sepala iuterioria 1 cm. longa, basi 4 mm. lata, ovata,
acumiuata, apice acuta, glabra, supra iuterdum ciliata. Corolla 3 cm.
longa, supra 2 cm. lata, infra 7 mm. lata, obovata, intus pilosa, ciliata ;
lobi 6 mm. longi, 6-7 mm. lati, subrotuudi ; tubus 7 mm. longus,
infra ovoideus, supra constrictus, glaber, sed pars constricta glandulosa.
Filamenta 8 mm. longa, subteretia, pauce glaudulosa iuterdumque
piloBa, aliter glabra ; antherae 5 mm. longae, 1'5 nun. late, ciliatae.
Ovarium 3 mm. longum, subglobosum, glabrum ; stylus 1*1 cm. longus,
supra subteres, infra paullo compi-essus, glaber vel supra 5-6 pilis
tectus.

A plant with prostrate branches arising from an underground stem.
Branches up to - 5 in. long, sparsely covered with short soft hairs.
Leaves l-7'5 cm. long, -3-l'3 cm. broad, lanceolate, elliptic-oblong or
oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a petiole up to 1'5 cm. long,
glabrous, except for a few hairs on the midrib beneath, glandular.
Inflorescence 2-4-flowered, 3-3'5 cm. long, 2-3 - 5 cm. across. Bracts
2'5-3 cm. long, 1-1-2 cm. broad, obovate, acuminate, pungent, with
3-4 spines on either side of the margin in the upper half, 3-nerved,
glabrous, except for a few hairs on the prominent nerves beneath.
Bracteoles l'9-2 cm. long, 2 mm. broad, acuminate, acute, narrowed at
the base, glabrous, pinnately veined with a prominent midrib beneath.
Anticous sepal 2 cm. long, 5 mm. broad above, broadly linear, 2-toothed
at the apex, narrowing and concave at the base, prominently 2-nerved
beneath, with a few soft hairs on the uppermost third ; posticous sepal
2'3 cm. long, 5 mm. broad above, broadly linear, rounded and some-
what scarious at the apex, with margins partly infolded, prominently
3-4- veined and softly hairy beneath ; inner sepals 1 cm. long, 4 mm.
broad at the base, ovate, acuminate, acute, 1-nerved, glabrous, some-
times with long fine cilia on the margins in the uppermost third.
Corolla blue, 3 cm. long, 2 cm. broad above, 7 mm. broad below,
obovate, hairy within and with ciliated margins ; lobes 6 mm. long,
6-7 mm. broad, subrotuud; tube 7 mm. long, obovoid below, con-
stricted above and then expanded into a saucer-shaped structure,
glandular on the constricted portion, otherwise glabrous. Stamens
arising from the saucer-shaped portion; filaments 8 mm. long, sub-
terete, with a few minute scattered glands, and sometimes bearing a
few hairs, otherwise glabrous; processes of the two anticous filaments
curved, 1'5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse; anthers 5 mm. long, 1'5 mm.
broad, with a fringe of hairs along the slit. Ovary 3 mm. long, sub-
globose, glabrous, with two glands on the posticous face ; style I'l cm.
long, semi-terete above, gradually widening and compressed below,
glabrous, except for 5-6 hairs on the upper half.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 233

Approaches B. Stainbankiae, C. B. Cl., and B. dilatata, C. B. Cl.,
but differs from the former in the bracts arid calyx being almost
glabrous and having blue flowers ; from the latter it differs in not
having spiny leaf-margins and having differently shaped calyx-lobes.

Roadside at Mokollong, Maseru District. Summer (February)

A. Dieterlen, 976!

SESUTO : Mohlahalane. A small swelling. Maraptjane. Meaning
unknown. An infusion made from this plant is said to be valued as
a cure for colds.

CRABBEA, Harv.
C. hirsuta, Harv.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-5 in. high, flowers pale pink.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 243! ; west slopes of plateau, leaves
flat on ground, flowers white, occasional, Phillips, 646 !

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria. Komgha. Trauskei. East G-riqua-
land. Natal (Ixopo, 4-5000 ft.). Swaziland. Transvaal (Barberton,
Johannesburg, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Letsoeyana. A small breast. Mereko. Meaning unknown.
This plant is much used by the witch-doctors in conjunction with the
divining bones.

BARBERIA, Linn.

B. ovata, E. Mey.

Stony hills near Slojoana's Kraal, Witzie's Hoek, c. 6300 ft., January,
flowers purple, Thode,4<5 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft.
January, Flanagan, 1988 ! ; near Eland's River, 6300 ft., December,
flowers blue, Bolus, 8289!; Mout-aux-Sources, 9500 ft,, October,
flowers purple. A. Bolus in Herb. GutJirie, 4889 ! ; mountains of
Basutoland, Thode !

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Natal. Swaziland. Transvaal
(Barberton, near Lydenburg, Spitz Ko]>, Crocodile River).

JUSTICIA, Linn.
J. ? Brycei, C. B. Cl.

Basutoland, near the summit of Machacha, 10000 ft., Bryce.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ISOG-LOSSA, Oerst.
I. Macowanii, C. B. Cl.

Mountain slopes. 10-40 in. high, flowers white and crimson.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 578 ! 578b !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Somerset East. Natal.

234 Annals of the South African Museum.

SESUTO : Moholu oa pela. The stomach of the rock-rabbit. Bolilana
ba linonyana. The small sorrel (or beer) of the birds. Ha a na morena.
It has no chief. Use unknown.

HYPOESTES, R. Br.
H aristata, E. Br.

Natal, De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft,, March, flowers white, Wood,
6022 !

DISTRIBUTION: Knysua. Humansilorp. Missel Bay. Eobertsou.
Uiteiihage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Bathurst. King William's
Town. Orange Free State. Transvaal (Houtbosch, Barberton).

SELAGINEAE.

HEBENSTEEITIA, Linn.
H polystachya, Harv.

Oraiige Free State, Drakensberg, Cooper, 1014; Natal, Oliver's
Hoek, at the sources of the Tugela River, 5000 ft , Allison. .

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Spitz Kop, Houtbosch, near
Barberton).

H. Sutherland!, Eolfe.

Basutoland, 8000 ft., Hellish in Sanderson's Herb., 634.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. comosa, Hoclist.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 15-38 in high, flowers white and
brown, sweet-scented. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 247 ! ; ravine on west
slopes of plateau, flowers white, Phillips, 580 ! N.E. slopes of plateau,
flowers white with a red throat, Phillips, 824 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Clriqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Pilgrim's
Best).

SESUTO : Tsitvane. Meaning unknown. Mixed with fat to make a
perfumed ointment.

H. Cooperi, Eolfe.

Basutoland, near Morija, Cooper, 7o7 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

H. Cooperi, Eolfe, forma.

Summit of the Mout-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., January, Flanagan,
1991!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 235

H. fruticosa, Sims.

Mont-aux Sources, 8000 ft,, April, E. Dyke in. Herb. Marloth, 5419 !
in Herb. Musei Aitstro-Afric., 5501 ! ; Orange Free State, Wolve Kop
near the Caledon Eiver, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Paarl. Tulbagh. Won-r--
ter. Queenstowu. East London. Stockenstroom. Somerset East.
Tembuland. Natal.

var. dura, Eolfe.

Caledon Eiver, Burke, 438 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic,

H. dentata, Lifin.

Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 3014: near Buffalo
Eiver Waterfall. 8200 ft,, March, Galpin, 6810!, Ben McDhui, c.
9700 ft,, March, Galpin, 6811 !

DISTRIBUTION: Van Ehynsdorp. Malmesbury. Olanwilliam. Cape.
Tulbagh. Caledon. Albany. Stockenstrooin. Queenstown. Transkei.
Natal. Transvaal (Lydenburg, Pilgrim's Eest).

var. integrifolia, E. Mey.

Natal, Tabanhlope, 6000 ft,, October, Wood, 105568!; Cathkin
Peak, 10.0)0 ft,, November, A. Bolus in Hrb. Guthrie, 4078 !

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Cape. Queenstown. Graaff Eeinet.
Moltenp. Pondoland.

H. integrifolia, Linn.

Mountain slopes. 10-22 in. high, flowers purple and brown. Sum-
mer-Autumn, A. Dieterlen, 38 !

DISTRIBUTION: Van Ehynsdorp. Clanwilliam. Eiversdale. Mossel
Bay. Knysna. Uniondale. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany.
Stockenstrooin. Bathurst. Aliwal North. Natal. Bechuanaland.
Tra n s v aal ( n ear Ly denberg ) .

SESUTO : Leliolilolla. Meaning and use unknown.

H. crassifolia. Clioisy.

Orange Free State, Witte Bergen, on shady sides of the mountain
Mrs. Barber and Mrs. Bowker ; near the Caledou Eiver, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Clanwilliam. Tulbagh.
Fraserburg. Sutherland. Beaufort West. Graaff Eeinet,

H. basutica, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 15-27 cm. altus. Rami foliosi,
pubesceutes. Folia - 7-2'2 cm. longa, 1-3 mm. lata, linearia, apice
subobtusa, basi angustata, supra serrulata, glabra. Inflorescentia

"236 Annals of the South African Museum.

terminalis, 4-6 cm. longa, circiter 1'5 cm. lata, cylindrata. Bracteae
6 mm. longae, 2'5 mm. latae, ellipticae, acumiuatae, apice subacutae,
marginatae, glabrae. Calyx 4 mm. longus, 1'5 mm. latus, apice
obtusus, rnargiuatus, glaber. Tabus corollae 5 mm. lougus, cyliu-
dratus, glaber ; limbus 8 mm. loiigus, supra 3 mm. latus, planus ; lobi
4, oblongi vel liueares, apice obtusi. Filamenta 1 mm. longa ; autherae
l - 5 mm. longae. Ovarium 1 mm. longum, glabrum ; stylus 5 mm.
longus, teres, glaber ; stigma miuutum. Frvctus 6 mm. longus, 1'75
mm. latus, apice obtusus, glaber.

A woody shrub 15-27 in. high. Branches densely leafy, pubescent
in decurrent lines from the leaf-bases, otherwise glabrous. Leaves '7-
2'2 cm. long, 1-3 mm. broad, linear, subobtuse, narrowed at the base,
with the midrib sunk above, remotely serrulate in the upper halt' or
uppermost third, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, 4-6 cm. long, about
1'5 cm. in diameter, cylindric. Bracts 6 mm. long, 2'5 mm. broad,
elliptic, acuminate, subacute, with narrow membranous margins,
glabrous. Calyx 4mm. long, 1'5 mm. broad, concave, obtuse, 2-nerved,
with broad membranous margins, glabrous. Corolla-tube 5 mm. long,
cyliudric, glabrous ; limb 8 mm. long, 3 mm. broad above, flattened,
widened above ; lobes 4 ; the two outer T5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad,
oblong, rounded above ; the two inner 1'5 mm. long, - 5 mm. broad,
linear, obtuse. Stamens on the margins of the corolla limb, 2 on either
side; filaments 1 mm. long, glabrous; anthers 1/5 mm. long. Ovary
1 mm. long, '75mm. broad, oblong in outline, glabrous; style 5 mm.
long, terete, gradually narrowing upwards, glabrous ; stigma minute.
Fruit 6 mm. long, 1'75 mm. broad, oblong in outline, obtuse,
glabrous, subtended by the persistent bract.

Differs from H. Sutherlandi, Rolfe, by the larger flowers, and
from H. fruticosa, Sims, in the leaves being serrulate and not
denticulate.

Malavaneug, Leribe District. Flowers cream and reddish. A.
Dieterlen, 1004

SBSUTO : Tsitoane ea setlolo. The " Tsitoane " for ointment. Mixed
with fat to make a perfumed ointment. Used especially by the wives
of chiefs. This is held in greater esteem than H. comosa as an
ointment.

WALAFRIDA, E. Mey.
W. apiculata, Eolfe.

Doodmau's Krans Mtn., 8500 ft., March, Galpin, 6812 ! ; summit of
the Wittebergeu, 7-8000 ft., Drege.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 237

W. wither gensis. Eolfe.

Wittebergen, among stones and grass, 5-6000 ft., Drege.
DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage.

W. densiflora, Eolfe.

Veld, mountain slopes and plateau. 6-22 in. high, flowers white,
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 2a !, 2b ! ; Tlapaneng, Berea District,
A. Dieterlen, 2c ! ; frequent on slopes round Leribe plateau, a low
shrub, flowers white, Phillips, 512 bis !, 682 !, 709 !, 887 ! ; Caledon
Eiver, Burke, 422 ; Ben McDhui, 9700 ft., March, Galpin, 6815.

DISTRIBUTION: Aliwal North . Natal. Griqualand West. Bechu-
analand. Transvaal (Eustenburg, near Pretoria, Houtbosch, Stander-
ton, near Little Oliphaut's Eiver).

SESUTO : Mophethu. Meaning and use unknown.

SELAGO, Linn.
S. pachypoda, Eolfe.

Natal, summit of Amawahqua Mtn., 6800 ft., Wood, 4575; among
stones near Currie's Post, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6807.

DISTRIBUTION : Tembuland. Pondolaud. East Griqualand.

S. Cooperi, Eolfe.

Natal, De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft,, March, Wood, 5974!; on the
Eovelo Hills at 7000 ft., Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : Albert. Pondoland.

S. Sanderson!, Eolfe.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 3011 ; below the Mont-
aux-Sources, 7-8000 ft., March, Evans, 755.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. Galpinii, Schltr.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 6-30 in. high, flowers violet or pink,
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 8!; Botsabelo, near Maseru, l|-2 ft.
high, flowers purple and mauve, May-June. A. Dieterlen, 8a!; 1028!;
Tsitsa footpath, Drakensberg, 7000 ft.. March, flowers purple, Galpin,
6813!

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown, Orange Free State (no locality).

SESUTO: Tsitoanenyana. The small " Tsitoane." Use unknown.

S. lithospermoides. Eolfe.

Natal, on the Eovelo Hills, 7000 ft., Sutherland.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Annals of the South Afnrnn Museum.

S. Flanaganii. Eolfe.

Slopes of higli mountains at Lehonghong. A bush, flowers mauve.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 785!; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources,
9500 ft., flowers blue, Flanagan, 2108!; Doodman's Kraiis Mtn.,
9650 ft. March, Galpin , 6814!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lenyofane-KhonnoJcana. The " Lenyofane." covered by
sand.

S. Schlechteri, Eolfe.

Natal, among stones near Currie's Post, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6810 ;
Basutoland, Buffalo River Waterfall, c. 8200 ft., March, flowers
white, Galpin, 6816!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. albida, Choisy.

Basutoland, without precise locality. Cooper, 3012 ; Caledon Eiver,
Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Namaqualaud Minor. Queenstowu.
Calvinia. Piince Albert. Somerset East. Fraserburg. Sutherland.
Murraysburg. Graaff Eeinet. Aberdeen. Colesberg. Middleburg.
Cradock. Albert. Griqualand West. Orange Free State (Bloem-
fontein).

S. scabrida, Thunb.

Kornet Spruit, between the Orange and Caledon Eivers, at the foot
of the Wittebergen, 5-6000 ft., Ecldon and Zeyher.

DISTRIBUTION : Clanwilliam. Piquetberg. Malmesbury. Cape.
Stellenbosch. Caledon. Swellendam. Eiversdale.

S. hyssopifolia, E. Mey.

Natal, common up to 5000 ft.

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Tembuland. Pondoland. East Griqua-
land. Transvaal (Mac Mac, Lydenburg).

S. monticola, Wood and Evans.

Natal, on the Drakensberg Eange at the sources of the Inyasuti
Eiver, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 655.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S longipedicellata, Eolfe.

Malavaneug, Leribe District. 27-39 in. high, flowers pale pink.
October- January. A. Dicrterlin, 932 ! ; 1006 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near
Witzie's Hoek, 6400 ft., December, flowers white, Bolus, 8286 !

DISTRIBUTION : Zululand.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environ*. 239

SESUTO : Mophethu oa loti. The "Mophethu" of the high mountain.
Sehala hala sa bophirimela. Tlie bush of the west. Use unknown.

S. nutans, Rolfe.

Wittebergen, in valleys and rugged grassy places. 4500-7500 ft.,
Drege.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. sp. (near S. Schlechteri, Rolfe).

Basutolaud, near the Buffalo River Waterfall, 8200 ft,, March.
Galpin, 6816.

VERBENACEAE.

LANTANA, Linn.
L. salvifolia, Jacq.

Slopes of Makhoarane Mountain, Morija, flowers pink. Autumn
(April). A. Dieterlen, 980!

DISTRIBUTION : Mossel Bay. Uitenhage. Alexandria. Albany.
Fort Beaufort. Beaufort West. Gfraaff Reiuet. Cradock. Somerset
East. Komgha. Trauskei. Tembuland. Natal. Bechuanaland,
Orange Free State (Vaal River). Transvaal (Aapie's River, Hout-
boseh. near Pretoria. Johannesburg).

SESUTO : Mabels mabutsoa pele. The first ripened Kaffir COITL.
Monokotsoai oa makhoaba a matona. The mulberry of the male
crow. One of the strongly rooted superstitions among the Basutos
is that if a plant whose fruits ripen early is burnt in the lands, the
smoke will cause the grain to also ripen early. This custom is called
" mobe seletso." Lantana salvifolia is largely used for this purpose.

BOUCHEA, Cham.
B. adenostachya, Schauer.

Oranue Free State, low situations on the Witte Bergen, Bowker,
705.

DISTRIB-UTION : Griqualand West. Bechuanalaud.

VERBENA, Linn.
V. venosa, Grill, et Hook.

Mountain slopes, Morija. 6-20 in. high, flowers purple. Summer-
Autumn (April). A . Dieterlen, 997 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transvaal (Lydenburg).

SESUTO: Morfili. Derived from the verb "ho rola " TH put down
what one carries on the head (e.g. a hat or pot). A decoction of the

240 Annals of the South African Muteum.

roots, which is drunk, is said to be a very valuable medicine for heart
burn and colic.

V. officinalis, Linn.

Damp and shady spots near Maseru. Flowers violet. Summer-
Autumn (December- May). A. Dieterlen, 829!

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Transkei. Tembuland. East Griqualand.
Natal. Transvaal (near Lydeuburg, near Pretoria, Magaliesberg).

SESUTO : Seona se seholo. The big " Seona." (" Seona " means
that which withers quickly). Used as fuel in winter when other fuel
is scarce.

CLEEODENDEON, Linn.
C. triphyllum, Pearson.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-22 iu. high, flowers blue. Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 515!; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft. t
December, Flanagan, 1931 !

DISTRIBUTION: Orange Free State (near Sand Eiver). Transvaal
(near Pretoria, Magaliesberg, near Lydenburg, near Johannesburg,
Barberton, Pilgrim's Eest). Natal.

SESUTO : Mokata. Meaning unknown. In rases of disease of the
kidneys a decoction of the roots is given as an enema.

LABIATAE.
BECIUM, Lindl.
B. obovatum, N. E. Br., var. hians, N. E. Br.

Orange Free State, Drakensberg Eauge, Cooper, 824.
DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal (many localities), common.

OETHOSIPHON, Benth.
0. macranthus, Guerke.

Natal, Van Eeenen, 5400 ft., March, Schlechter, 6912!, 5500 ft.,
December, flowers pink and white, Wood, 3573

DISTRIBUTION: Orange Free State (without precise locality).

0. stenophyllus, Guerke.

Natal, Mawaqa Mountain, 6-7000 ft., Wood, 8126.
DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland, East Q-riqualand.

0. Bolusii, N. E. Br.

Natal, Giant's Castle, Drakensberg Eange, 9000 ft., November.
A. Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4894 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 241

PLECTRANTHUS, L'Her.

P. natalensis, Guerke, forma glandulosa.

Damp spots in ravines and mountain slopes. 10-45 in. high,
flowers pale mauve. Suunner. A. Dieterlen, 417 ! ; growing in shade
of rocks, flowers white, Phillips, 597 !; damp spots in ravine, flowers
bluish- white, Phillips, 776 !, Left's Kloof, flowers whitish-pink,
Phillips, 817 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5500 ft., December,
Bolus, 8238 !, Flanagan, 1927 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Lephelephele. Meaning unknown. Formerly it was used
to wash the sheep-skin coats which were worn by shepherds ; even now
it is used in the washing of cotton garments when soap is not available.
The leaves are glandular-hairy above.

P. trans vaalensis, Briq.

Orange Free State, Harrismith, 6500 ft., Sankey, 231.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal. Transvaal (Houtbosch).

^OLANTHUS, Mart.
M. canescens, G-uerke.

Mountain slopes, growing under rocks. 4-20 in, high, flowers pale
mauve. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 36 ! ; south slopes of plateau,
flowers bluish, Phillips, 910 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen's Pass in rocky
places, 5500 ft., March, flowers white and purple, Wood, 7187 !

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Reiiiet, Transvaal (Hooge Veld, Houtbosch,
Daspoort, Johannesburg).

SKSUTO : Thvkoloane. Meaning unknown. Given to children, in
the form of a decoction, as a cure for colds.

MENTHA, Linn.
M. longifolia, Huds. ; sub-species polyadena, Briq.

Damp spots in hollows on mountain slopes. 10-35 in. high, flowers
mauve. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 118 ! ; LefTs Kloof, flowers
whitish, Phillips, 820!

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (near Pretoria) .

SESUTO : Koena. A crocodile. An infusion is made with Mentha,
longifolia, sub-sp. capensis, and M. aquatica, and drunk as a cure for
colds. These three plants are also put under the bedding of a patient
suffering with a chest complaint, with the belief that they will make
him breathe easier.

16

242 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sub-species capensis.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 15-40 iu. high, flowers a pale
mauve. Summer- Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 214 ! ; Witteberg Eauge,
Dmje, 4766A.

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand. Cape. Swellendam. Uiteuhage.
A.lbany. Queenstown. Ceres. Somerset East. Graaff Eeiiiet.
Griqualaud West. East Griqualaud.

SESUTO: Koena ea thdba. The crocodile of the mountain. See
M. longifolia, sub-sp. polyadena.

M. aquatica, Linn.

Streams and damp spots on mountain slopes. 8-25 in. high, flowers
pinkish-mauve. Summer, A. Dieterlen,, 442 ! ; ravine on west slopes
of plateau, flowers pale blue, rare, Phillips, 585 !, south slopes of
plateau, flowers pink, Phillips, 872 ! ; Natal, Mohlamba Eauge,
5-6000 ft., Sutherland.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Paaii. Knysna. Port Elizabeth. Queens-
town. Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. East Griqualaud. Gri-
qualand West. Orange Free State (without locality). Transvaal
(Ermelo).

SESUTO : Koena e nyenyane. The small crocodile. Koena ea liliba.
The crocodile of the springs. See ".M". longifolia, sub-sp. polyadena.
The name " Koena " is given to the above species of Mentha because
they grow in damp spots.

SALVIA, Linn.

S. clandestine , Linn., var. angustifolia, Benth.

Veld at roadside between Berea and Maseru. 6-20 in. high.
Autumn (March-April). A. Dieterlen, 979!

DISTRIBUTION: George. Somerset East. Graaff Eeiuet. Beaufort
West. Fraserburg. Eichmond. Middleburg. Griqualancl West.

SESUTO : Mosisili o likf/atla. The notched " Mosisili." Use un-
known.

S. triangularis, Thunb.

Slopes of Malaoaneng and at Pitseug, Leribe District. 12-24 in.
high, flowers mauve. Summer (November-February). A. Dieterlen.
957 !, 1011 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Stockenstroom. Somerset East.

SESUTO : Mosisili. Meaning and use unknown.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 243

13. stenophylla, Burch.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-15 in. high, flowers lilac, Spring-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 196c ! ; very common, forms large patches,
Phillips, 894 ! ; Orange Free State, Wittebergen, Bowker, 658. Orange
;and Caledon Rivers, B^lrke, Mrs. Hutton ; Harrisniith, Sankey, 229.

DISTRIBUTION : TJitenhage. Fort Beaufort. Queeustown. Graaff
Reinet. Beaufort West Albert. Alice. Natal. Griqualand West.
Bechuanaland. . Orange Free State (Bethlehem). Transvaal (Potchef-
:stroom, Warm Bath).

SESUTO : Mosisili. Meaning unknown. Mixed with tobacco to give
it a flavour. The smoke is said to disinfect a hut where there has
ibeen sickness and to drive away bugs.

:S. runcinata, Linn. f.

Veld and mountain slopes, 10-20 in. high, flowers lilac. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 196A !

DISTRIBUTION : Caledon. Riversdale. Uiteuhage. Transkei.
'Griqualand West. Transvaal (Waterval Boveu, Leeuwport, Fourteen
Streams).

SESUTO : Mosisili. Meaning unknown. See S. stenophylla.

S. repens, Burch.

Veld and mountain slopes. 10-20 in. high, flowers lilac. Spring-
Summer. A. Divierlen, 196s! ; slopes of Malavaneug, Leribe District.
8-24 in. high, flowers white or mauve, January, A. Dieterlen, 956!,
958!, Potsane, Leribe District, A. Dieterlen, 923!; common in
ravines and slopes round Leribe plateau, bush 1-2 ft., flowers blue
or mauve, Phillips, 536 ! 576 ! 589 ! 615 ! 708 ! 818 !

DISTRIBUTION : Alexandria, Albany. Somerset East. Graaff
Reinet. Middleburg. Wodehouse. Albert.

SESUTO: Mosisili. Meaning unknown. Hositili oa l~,ti (923).
" Mosisili " of the high mountains. See S. stenophylla.
S. Cooperi, Skan.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, December, Bolus, 8237 !

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualaud. Natal.

ACROTOME, BentJi.
A. inflata, Benth.

Veld, roadside and cultivated lands. 12-30 in. high, flowers a
very pale mauve. Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 89 ! ; mountain
slopes behind the Mission Station, a herbaceous plant, 12-18 in. high,
flowers white, occasional, Phillips, 515 1

244 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Steynsburg. Albert. Bechuanaland.
Orange Free State (Bloemfoutein). Trausvaal (Linokana, Nylstroom).

SESUTO : Mohlayoane. Meaning unknown. Se-ea-le-moea. It goes
with the wind. (In winter the dry plant is easily uprooted and blown
about by the wind.) Mixed with other plants it is given to cattle
suffering from " black-leg."

STACHYS, Linn.
S. grandiiblia, E. Mey.

Natal, Polela, April, Fourcade ( Wood, 4556).

DISTRIBUTION : Swellendam. Queenstown. Somerset East. G-raaff
Reiuet. Trauskei. Transvaal (near Lydenburg).

S. albiflora, N. E. Br.

Natal, Drakeusberg Range, 6-7000 ft., Evans, 395.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. Kuntzei, Gruerke.

Natal, Van Reeneu's Pass, Kuntze ; near Van Reenen in rocky
places, 5800 ft,, March, Schlechter, 6969 ! ; De Beer's Pass, 5-600 i't.,
March, flowers white, pink-lined, Wood, 6029 !

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (without locality). Probably
endemic.

S. parilis, N. E. Br.

Natal, Tiger Cave Valley on the Drakeusberg Range, Evans, 387.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. aethiopica, Linn., var. glandulifera, Skan.

Mountain slopes near rocks. 6-20 in. high, floAvers mauve. Spriug-
Autunm. A. Dieferlen, 101 ! ; common round Leribe plateau, usually
growing in shade of rocks, leaves sticky, flowers mauve, pink, or pale
blue, Phillips, 534 ! 829 ! 896 !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Cathcart. East London. G-raaff
Reinet. Middleburg. Komgha. Trauskei. Natal. Orange Free
State (Bethlehem).

SESUTO : Bokhatla. Meaning unknown. Bolao ba litaola. The
philtre of the divining bones. It is burnt in the hut of a person
suffering with feverish delirium and is said to have a soothing effect.

S. sessilis, G-uerke.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 943.

DISTRIBUTION : East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Carolina
District).

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 245

S. obtusifolia, MacOw., var. angustifolia, Skau.

Bester's Vlei,near Witzie's Hoek, 6200 ft., December, Bolus, 8240 !,
Flanagan, 1898 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. rugosa. Ait. var. linearis, Skau.

Mountain slopes. 12-26 in. high, flowers pink. Summer. Sehong-
houg, on the Drakensberg. A, Dieterlen, 747 !

DISTRIBUTION : Clauwilliam. Albany. Calviuia. Somerset East.
Cradock. Grraaff Reinet. Murraysburg. Sutherland. Middleburg.
Colesberg.

SESUTO: Taraputsne. Meaning uukuowa. Used to brew a kiud
of tea.

S. dregeana, Beuth.

Mout-aux-Sources, 8000 ft., December, Flanagan in Herb. Bolus,
8241 ! ; Wittebergen, 7-8000 ft,, Drt-ge.

DISTRIBUTION : Tarka. Cradock. Albert.

*

var. lasiocalyx, Skan.

High mountain slopes at Lehonghoug, 8-15 in. high, flowers
mauve. Summer- Autumn, A. Dieterlen, 905 ! ; grassy slopes of the
Mont-aux-Sources, 8500 ft., January, flowers pink, Tltode, 46 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Selaoane se seholo. The big " Selaoane." Use unknown.

var. tenuior, Skau.

Ben McDhui, 9200 ft,, March, flowers purple, Galpin, 6817 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

S. hyssopoides, Burch.

Veld and roadsides. 5-20 in. high, flowers pinkish-mauve. Spring-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 287 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek,
December, Bolus, 8239 ! ; Wolve Kop, Burke, 392 ; Wittebergeu, Driye,
3588a.

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Queenstowu. Cathcart. Stockeu-
stroom. Tarka. Grraaff Reiuet. Murraysburg. Victoria West.
Middleburg. Albert. Trauskei. Natal. Grriqualaud West. Bechu-
analaud. Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Staudertou, Vereeuigiug).

SESUTO : Selaoane. Meaning unknown. Motlapatsu/nyana. Mean-
ing unknown.

246 Annals of the South African Museum.

S. caffra, E. Mey.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek Pass, Wood, 3491 ; Van Reenen, 5500 ft. r
Wood, 5195.

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. Konigha. Transkei. Pou-
dolaud. East G-riqualand. Orange Free State (without locality).
Transvaal (Pretoria).

LEONOTIS, R. Br.

L. mollis, Benth. (ex descr.).

Mountain slopes, 1-4 ft. high, flowers reddish-brown. Autumn. A.
Dieterlen, 106 ! ; mountain slopes behind Mission Station, gi\>wing next
to a rock, bush, 4-6 ft., flowers red, occasional, Phillips, 519a !

DISTRIBUTION : Uitenhage. Albany. Queeustown. Somerset East.
Graaff Reiuet. Beaufort West. Philipstown. Orange Free State
(Sand Drift).

SESUTO : Joala ba linonyana. The beer of the birds. (Birds visit
the flowers for the sake of the nectar). Mixed with tobacco ; also used
as a purgative.

L. latifolia, G-uerke.

Natal, Van Reenen's Pass, 5500-6200 ft,, Kuntze.
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

L. dysophylla, Beuth.

Natal, between the Tugela and Klip Rivers, Gerrard, 393 ; Drakens-
berg, near Ladysmith, Wilms, 2111.

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. East Griqualand. Orange Free State
(without locality). Transvaal (Rooiplaat, near Heidelberg, near
Lydenburg).

AJUGA, Linn.
A. Ophrydis, Burch.

Veld and mountain slopes. 4-16 in. high, flowers mauve. Spring-
Suinmtr. A. Dieterlen, 53!; Basutoland, Drakensberg, 8000 ft.,
Hellish, without locality, Cooper, 290 ! ; Wittebergen, Mrs. Barber and
Mrs. Bowker ; Wolve Kop, BurJce ; Harrismith, Sankey, 227.

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Bathurst. Albany. Fort Beaufort.
Stockenstroom. Oath cart. Somerset East. Konigha. Trauskei.
Tembulaud. East Griqualaud. Natal, Transvaal (Heidelberg, near
Lydenburg, Vereeniging).

SESUTO : Senyarela. He who looks in from above. Used as a
medicine in cases of painful menstruation.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 247

NYCTAGLNEAE.

BOERHAAVIA, Vaill.
B. pentandra, Burch.

Caledon River, January, Zeyher, 1433 !, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Griqualand West. BecliuaualaucL
Transvaal (near Louw's Creek, Barberton). Natal.

ILLECEBRACEAE.

POLLICHIA, -So?.
P. campestris, Soland.

Mountain slopes. 3-20 in. high, flowers whitish. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 7 ! ; near stream on Leribe plateau, in damp ground, Phillips,
809 ! ; Basutolaud, without precise locality, Cooper, 2488 bis.

DISTRIBUTION : Uiteuhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Queens-
town. Albert, East Griqualand. Natal. Transvaal ( Valkfontein,
Waterval Boveu, Lydenburg, near Potschefstroom, Hooge Veld,
Bosch Veld).

SESUTO : Letsoai. Salt, Sefakoana. Small hail-stones. Mono-
kotsoai oa makhoaba. The mulberry of the rooks. Children eat the
small white fruits of the plant.

HERNIARIA, Linn
H. hirsuta, Linn.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-6 in. high, flowers greenish white.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 152 ! ; Thaba 'Unchu, Burke.

DISTRIBUTION: Cape. Bredasdorp. Aliwal North. Somerset East.
Graaff Reinet. Griqualand West. Transvaal (near Johannesburg).

SESUTO: Tlukofiloane ea lekovba, The overpowering froth of foam.
As a decoction, it is taken as a cure for sore throat.

AMARANTACEAE.

AMARANTHUS, Linu.
A. paniculatus, Linn.

In cultivated lauds. 6-35 in. high, flowers greenish- white. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 162 ! ; a herbaceous plant 1-2 ft. high, occasional,
Phillips, 516!

DISTRIBUTION: Queenstown. Natal. Transvaal (near Lydenburg,
Standertou).

248 Annals of the South African Museum.

SESUTO : Theepe ea Bokoni. The " Theepe " of Kaffraria. A weed
introduced into Basutolaud by cattle from the Cape Province. When
quite young it is used as a spinach.

A. Thunbergii, Moq.

Mountain slopes and in cultivated lands. 6-30 in. high, flowers
greenish-white. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 524!, Matsoberane, Leribe
District. Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 995 ! ; Basutoland, without
precise locality, Cooper, 3049, 3500.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uiteuhage. Queeustown. Grraaff Eeinet.
Eichmond. Albert. Natal. Bechuaualand. Transvaal (Marico
District, Potchefstroom, Springbok Flats, near Standerton).

SESUTO : Theepe. Meaning unknown. Eaten as a vegetable when
young.

CYATHULA, Lour.
C. cylindrica, Moq.

Stony spots on mountain slopes. 12-36 in. high, flowers whitish.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 467 ! ; Natal, Van Eeeueu, 5-6000 ft., Wood,
5703.

DISTRIBUTION : Pondolaud. Natal. Orange Free State (without
locality). Transvaal (near Aapie's Eiver).

SESUTO : Boh time bo boholo. The big " Bohome." Derived from
verb " ho homa " to stick to. The roots are used as soap.

C. globulifera, Moq.

Mountain slopes and round kraals. 12-40 in. high, flowers whitish.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 87 ! ; ravine on west slopes of plateau, rare,
Phillips, 725 !, south slopes of plateau, flowers white, Phillips, 891 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Queenstowu. Grraaff Reinet. Aliwal
North. Komgha. Pondoland. East Gfriqualaud. Natal. Orange
Free State (Bloemfontein, Sand Drift Pont). Transvaal (near Ly den-
burg, near Pretoria).

SESUTO : Bohome bo boholo. See C. cylindrica.

ACHYEANTHES, Linn.
A. aspera, Linn.

Mountain slopes near or under rocks. 5-20 in. high, flowers mauve.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 41 !, on the slopes of Makhoarane
Mountain, Leribe District, 20-35 in. high, flowers purplish-brown.
Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 986!; N.E. slopes of plateau, fre-
quent, Phillips, 846 ! ; Natal, De Beer's Pass, 5-6000 ft., March,
flowers pink, Wood, 6020 !

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 249

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Somerset East. Komgha.
East Griqualand. Natal. G-riqualand West. Orange Free State
{Modder River Drift, Vet Eiver). Transvaal (near Lydenburg,
Pretoria, Rooiplaat, near Barberton, Potgieter's Rust).

SESUTO : Bohome bo bolelele (986). The tall " Bohome." MoMwafJia-
KJtoale (986). He who pokes the partridges. Lenamo (41). He who
spreads. Bohomane (41). The small "Bohome." Dieterlen (41) is
.a small-leaf form, with the leaves densely pubescent beneath.

ALTERNANTHERA, Forsk.

A. Achyrantha, R. Br.

G-arden of the Residency at Maseru. A creeping plant 4-12 in.
long, flowers whitish. Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 982 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Alice. Pondoland. G-riqualand
West. Transvaal (Daspoort).

SESUTO : Bohome bo namang. The creeping " Bohome." Use un-
known.

CHENOPODIACEAE.

CHENOPOD1UM, Linn.
C. ambrosioides, Linn.

1

Veld, road-sides, and round villages. 20-50 in. high, flowers cream.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 409 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. Queeustowu. Komgha.
Natal. Transvaal (Pretoria).

SESUTO : Setla-bocha. The new-comer. Setlana se habea. The
plant has fits. MokhanJcha. He who smells. Pdea e kholo. The big
" Poea." Derived from the verb " ho boea " to return (the plant
appears each season at the same place). A weed introduced into
Basutoland.

C. murale. Linn.

Shady spots on mountain slopes. 6-25 in. high, flowers greenish-
yellow. Winter (June). A. Itieterlen, 824 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Uitenhage. Albany. Murraysburg. Natal.
Transvaal (Pretoria, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Thumana or T humane. Meaning and use unknown.

C. album, Linn.

Veld and in cultivated lands. 10-50 in. high, flowers green.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 77 !

250 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION: Cape. Beaufort West. Murraysburg. Richmond.
Graaff Reiuet. Komglia. Transvaal (Standerton, Warm Bath).

SESUTO : Serue. Pagekoane. Meanings unknown. The young
plant is used as a vegetable. Madame Dieterlen states that the dis-
agreeable smell of the fresh plant disappears on cooking, and that it
makes a very pleasant dish.

C. foetidum, Schrad.

Veld and cultivated lauds. 5-35 in. high, flowers green. Summer-
Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 22 ! ; Qoqolosi Peak, flowers greenish, Phillips,.
936!

DISTRIBUTION : An introduced weed.

SESUTO : Mokhankla. He who smells. Use unknown.

ROUBIEVA, Moq.
R. multifida, Moq.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-20 in. high, flowers whitish. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 664 !

DISTRIBUTION: Cape. Albany. Transvaal (Standerton).

SESUTO : Setla boeha. The new-comer. Mokhankla. He who
smells. Use unknown.

PHYTOLACCACEAE.

PHYTOLACCA, Linn.
P. heptandra, Retz.

Dongas and mountain slopes. 6-25 in. high, flowers reddish-yellow.
Spring-Summer. A. Dieterlen, 48a ! 48b ! ; south slopes of Leribe
plateau above Khaniane near rocks, fruits red and fleshy, Phillips,
904!; Harrismith, Sankey, 239; Aliwal North, bank of Orange River,
Burke.

DISTRIBUTION : Fort Beaufort. Queenstown. Graaff Reinet.
Albert. Transkei. East Griqualaud. Natal. Transvaal (Aapie's
River, near Lydenburg).

SESUTO : Monatja and Monatsoana. Both words mean " a small
pleasant taste (of food)." Some natives say that the fruits may be
eaten and have rather a pleasant taste, but that the root is poisonous ;
Madame Dieterlen remarks on the fact that everything in the plant
" line " which is edible is eagerly sought for by the natives, so much
so that some species, e.g. Schizoglossum spp., have become very rare
even within her own recollection, yet the above plant, which is plentiful
round some parts of Leribe slopes, may always be found in fruit,
showing that the natives do not eat them.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 251

POLYGONACEAE.

POLYGONUM, Linn.
P. aviculare, Liuu.

Damp spots on veld and mountain slopes, also round Hlotse pond.
A creeping plant, 10-30 in. long, flowers white, pale pink, or crimson.
Summer Autumn (November April). A. Dieterlen, 23a, b, c!;
Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 3057 ; Natal, Van
Eeenen's Pass, 5000 ft.. Wood, 4564.

DISTRIBUTION : Nkmaqualand Minor. Cape. "Riversdale. Queens-
town. Victoria West. Albert. Komgha. East Griqualand. Griqua-
land West, Transvaal (Pretoria, Zeerust, Heidelburg, Potchefstroom).

SESUTO : Moraran 'a ndkana. The creeper of the small river.
Moraran 'a letsana. The creeper of the small lake. Use unknown.

P. amphibium, Linn.

Water courses. A floating plant, 10-40 in. long, flowers pink.
Spring. A . Dieterlen, 814 !

DISTRIBUTION: Somerset East. Orange Free State (Sand Kiver,
Vredefort). Bechuaualand. Transvaal (Standerton, Klerlcsdorp).

SESUTO : Sesesi se seholo. The large swimmer. Use unknown.

P. serrulatum, Lag.

Water-courses and damp spots. 8-20 in. high, flowers pink.
Summer-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 563 ! ; near stream at base of
ravine on west slopes of Leribe plateau, Phillips, 627 ! ; Natal, Polela,
Fonrcadi in Herb. Wood, 4238; Drakeusberg, Rehmann, 7021.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Caledou. Uitenhage. Somerset East.
Transkei. Natal. Orange Free State (Parys), Transvaal (Barber-
ton, Mac Mac, Leydenburg, Komati Poort, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Tolo la Khonyona le lenyenyane. The small knee of the
young cattle.

P. lapathifolium sub-sp. maculatum, Dyer and Trin.

Damp places. 30-48 in. high, flowers pink. Summer-Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 109 ! ; banks of streams on Leribe plateau, flowers red,
Phillips, 702 ! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 252.

DISTBIBUTFON : Cape. Uitenhage. Graaff Keinet. Transkei.
Natal. Griqualand West, Transvaal (Standerton, Lydenburg,
Pretoria, Aapie's Eiver, Potchefstroom, Springbok flats).

SESUTO : Tolo la Khongoana. The knee of young cattle. Use
unknown.

252 Annals of the South African Museum.

BUMEX, Linn.
R. nepalensis, Spreng.

Damp spots on mountain slopes. 20-49 in. high, flowers green.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 382!; Basutoland. without precise locality,
Cooper, 2986 ; Harrismith, SanJcey, 253 ; swamps on the Drakensberg,
Evans, 383 ; Kraai Eiver, 4500 ft., Drrcje.

DISTRIBUTION : Graaff Eeinet. Transkei. Transvaal (Fountain
Grove

SESUTO : Khamanee Icliolo. The large " Khamane." Pota ka leleme.
Going round with the tongue. MoloJcdle. Meaning unknown. A
medicine for newly confined women is prepared from it.

R sagittatus, Thunb.

Mountain slopes. 10-30 in. high, flowers green. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 39 ! ; Harrismith, Sankey, 251.

DISTRIBUTION : George. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany.
Somerset East. Graaff Eeinet. Pondoland. Natal. Swaziland.
Transvaal (near Lydenburg, Valkfontein, Sabie, Pretoria).

SESUTO -. Bolila bo boholo. The large sorrel (or sourness). Use
unknown.

R. Acetosella, Linn.

Damp spots. 5-16 in. high, flowers yellowish. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 740 ! 762 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Humansdorp. Tembuland. Natal. Trans-
vaal (Johannesburg, Pretoria).

SESUTO : Bolilanyana. The small sorrel (or sourness). Use un-
known.

R. Meyeri, Meisn.

Aliwal North, Kraai Eiver, 4500 ft,, Drege.
DISTRIBUTION : Beaufort West. Middleburg.

R. ecklonianus, Meisn.

Damp and shady spots. 5-22 in. high, flowers green. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 111 ! ; Left's Kloof, N.E. slopes of Leribe plateau, damp
ground, flowers yellow, Phillips, 807!, south slopes of Leribe plateau
above Khaniaue, flowers greenish-yellow, Phillips, 893 !

DISTRIBUTION : S.W. Africa. Namaqualand Minor. Cape. Eivers-
dale. Uiteuhage. Albany. Graaff Eeinet. Colesberg. Tembuland.
East Griqualand. Natal. Griqualand West, Transvaal.

SESUTO: Khamane. Meaning unknown. A hot decoction prepared
with this plant is used for washing wounds and bruises.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 253

R. Woodii. N.E. Br.

In shade under rocks on mountain slopes. 7-30 in. high, flowers
yellowish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 466 !

DISTRIBUTION : Somerset East. Komgha. Natal. Orange Free
State (Bethlehem). Transvaal (Carolina, Ermelo, Lydenburg).

SESUTO: Bolila ba HL-Iinmo. The sorrel (or sourness) of cattle.
The shepherd boys eat this plant raw. A medicine is prepared from
it and given to calves suffering with diarrhoea.

PIPEEACEAE.

PEPEEOMIA, Ruiz, and Pav.
P. retusa, A. Dietr.

Natal, Van Eeeneu, 7500 ft., March, Schlechter, 6995 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Kiversdale. Swellendain. Somerset East.
Komgha.

PEOTEACEAE.

PEOTEA, Linn.
P. Rouppelliae, Meisn.

Maluti Mountains, Mafube on East G-riqualand borders. Bracts
red. February. A. Dieterlen, 946 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's
Hoek, 5<00 ft., December, Flanagan, 1849 !, Bolus, 8242 !, Nelson's
Kop, Cooper, 952 ! ; Natal, Van Eeeneii's Pass, Krook, 1586 ! ; Wood.
5632 ! ; slopes of the Drakensbergen, near Tugela Falls, Wood, 3514 ! ;
Pot Eiver Berg, 57<>0 ft,, March, Galpin, 6822 !

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland. Transvaal (near Johannesburg, Hout-
bosch, Barberton, Magaliesberg, Lydenburg). Swaziland.

SESUTO : Seqalaba. Meaning unknown. Used for fuel.

P. subvestita. N.E. Br.

Maluti Mountains, near Qacka's Nek, on the border between
Basutoland and East G-riqualand. Autumn (March), bracts pale-
pink. A. Dieterlen, 993 ! ; Natal, Van Eeeuen, Wood, 5631 ! ; mountain
side, Trent Kop, 5900 ft,, March, a shrub 8 it, high, bracts white or
pink, Galpin. 6824!; summit Ornaqua Mountain, Tlwde, 47!

DISTRIBUTION : Pondoland.

SESUTO : Seqalaba se sesoeu. The white (or light-coloured)
" Seqalaba." Used for fuel.

P. caffra, Meisn.

Lefi's Nek Kloof. Bracts pink and cream. Spring (September-
March). A. Dieterlen, 319 ! ; Lefi's Kloof, Phillips \

254 Annals of the South African Museum.

DISTRIBUTION : Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Heidelberg, Zeerust,
Rustenburg).

SESUTO : Sekila. Like a fowl's kidney. Used for fuel. This
Pro tea is only found in one of the many ravines round the Leribe
plateau ; it does not extend far into the ravine, but grows on the
exposed grass slopes. It is a tree with the habit of P. grandiflora,
Tlmub., and from a distance could easily be mistaken for that
species. Unfortunately it is rapidly becoming exterminated, as the
chief Jonathan now and then has trees cut down for firewood ; but
fortunately this is a privilege Jonathan alone enjoys, otherwise the
species would long ago have disappeared from the neighbourhood.

P. multibracteata, Phillips.

On the Drakeusbergen, Cooper, 951 !

DISTRIBUTION : King William's Town. Transkei. Tembulaud.
Natal.

P. simplex, Phillips.

Pot River Berg, 5700 ft., March, Galpin, 6823 !
DISTRIBUTION : Tembulaud. Natal. Swaziland.

THYMELAEACEAE.*

PASSEEINA, Linn.
P. ericoides, Linn.

Mountain slopes. A bush, flowers pink. Autumn. A. Dieterlen,
49 ! ; Natal, near Hoffenthal, 4-5000 ft., Wood, 3464.

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Ceres. Riversdale. Swellendam. Mossel
Bay. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany. Bathurst. Somerset
East. Molteno. Albert. Orange Free State (without locality).
Transvaal (Mac Mac). Natal.

SESUTO : Lekliapu. Meaning unknown. Used for fuel.

P. sp.

Natal, Bushman's Pass, Drakensberg. November, Thode.

STRUTHIOLA, Linn.

S. sp. (near 8. parviflora, Bartl.).

Natal, Mont-aux-Sources (ex Wood's Natal List).

* As this was in the printer's hands before the publication of Mr. Wright's
monograph in the ' Flora Capensis,' some alterations will have to be made to
the naming and geography.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 255

GNIDIA, Linn.

G. phaeotricha, Gilg. (ex Wood's Natal List).
Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft, 0., Kuntze.

LASIOSIPHON, Fresen.
L. caffer, Meisn.

Natal, near Hoffenthal, 4-5000 ft., (no collector given).

L. Meisnerianus, Endl. var.

Natal, Van Eeenen, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 4520.

L. Kraussii, Meisn.

Veld and mountain slopes, flowers yellow. Spring. A. Dieterlen,
17* ! ; Mont-aux-Sources, 9500 ft., October, A. Solus in Herb. Guthrie,
49U5 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft., December, Bolus,
8246 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO: Tlinpa. To oppress. Used as a decoction to bathe wounds
and bruises. It is said to be poisonous.

L. anthylloides, Meisn.

Mountain slopes. A shrub, 3-5 ft. high, flowers yellow, strongly
scented.- Winter-Spring. A. Dieterlen, 121 !

DISTRIBUTION : Eiversdale. George. Albany. Transkei. Tem-
bulancl. Natal. Zululancl. Transvaal (Pretoria, Carolina).

SESUTO : Moomang. Derived from the verb " ho omana " to
quarrel. Used for fuel only when nothing else is available, as the
natives believe that the smoke bewitches people and makes them
quarrelsome, and that the inmates of the hut in which the plant was
burnt will eventually quarrel.

L. limfolius, Dene.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-20 in. high, flowers light brown.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 371 ! ; Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5400 ft.,
December, Bolus, 8245 !

DISTRIBUTION: Somerset East. East Griqual and. Bechuanaland.
Transvaal (Houtbosch, Barberton).

SESUTO: Thupa e nyenyane. The small " Thopa." Setele. Mean-
ing unknown. Used as a snuff to cure headaches. It is said to be
non-poisonous.

256 Annals of the South African Museum.

AETHEOSOLEN, C. A. Meyer.
A. gymnostachys, C. A. Mey.

Eiver banks and mountain slopes. 4-20 in. high, flowers reddish-
brown. Summer. A. Du'lt-rli'ii, 422 !

DISTRIBUTION: Natal (South Downs, Weenen County 4-5000 ft.).

SESUTO : Thupananyana. The small " Thopa." Tsika-mangotsoana.
Around the small dongas. The leaves are smoked to relieve head-
aches.

SANTALACEAE*

THESIUM, Linn.
T. sp.

Stony spots on veld. 8-16 in. high, flowers white. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 620 !

SESUTO : Motayoane. Meaning and use unknown.

T. sp.

Mountain slopes, Malavaneng, Leribe district. Flowers whitish.
Summer (December). A. Dieterlen, 953 !

SESUTO : Marakalle. Derived from the verb " ho rakalla " to stand
with outstretched legs. Used as a medicine for colds on the chest.

T. sp.

Veld and mountain slopes. 2-10 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Summer. A. Divtrrlen, 64 7b !

SESUTO : Bohoho. Meaning unknown. Sebitsane. The small
" Sebitsa." Used for chest colds.

T. sp.

Veld and mountain slopes. 1^-3 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 647a !

SESUTO : Bohoho. Sebitsane. See above species.

T. sp.

Veld and mountain slopes. 8-18 in. high, flowers white. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieferlen, 462b !

SESUTO: Marakalle. See A. Dieterlen No. 953 above. Lisin-li-lale.
Let the big grain baskets (" Lisin ") remain empty.

* As this Order will soon appear in the ' Flora Capensis,' I thought it
advisable to defer naming the species until the ' Flora ' is published.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 257

T. sp. (cf. T. angulosum, DC.).

Mountain slopes. 8-18 in. high, flowers white. Summer Autumn.
A. Dieterlen, 462a !

SESUTO : Marakalle. See A. Dieterlen ISTo. 953 above. Lisin-li-lale.
See A. Dieterlen No. 462b above. Used in cases of heart-burn.

T. sp.

Mountain slopes. 4-15 in. high, flowers white. Spring. A. Dieter-
len, 735 !

SESUTO : Marakalle a manyenyane. The small " Marakalle." Used
for chest colds.

COLPOON, Berg.
C. compression, Berg.

Kavines and mountain slopes. A tree, flowers yellow. Spring. A.
Dieterlen, 248 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Riversdale. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth.
Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Mofetola- He who causes to change. Used for tanning
skins. Pointed sticks are made from the branches and used for stirring-
meat in the cooking-pots.

EUPHORBIACEAE.

EUPHORBIA, Linn.
E. basutica, Marl.

Mountain slopes. Flowers yellow. Summer. Lihlatsoaneng,
Leribe District, A Dieterlen, 415!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Sehloku. Meaning unknown. A lotion is prepared from
this to bathe swollen feet. Together with Berkheya onopordifolia, it is
used as a cure for leprosy. At present there is a native at the Leper
Settlement, Maseru, who pretends to cure leprosy by means of these
plants.

E. striata, Thunb.

Veld and mountain slopes. 15-35 in. high, flowers green and yellow.
Spring-Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 351 !

DISTRIBUTION: Komgha. East Griqualand. Transvaal (Magalies-
berg. )

SESUTO : Mohlatsisa. He who procures vomiting. Matsoane.
The small black things. Put in sour milk to give it a pleasant
taste.

17

258 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. Peplus, Linn.

Shady spots on mountain slopes. 5-12 in. high, flowers yellowish.
Autumn. A. Dieterlen,, 588 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Komgha.

SESUTO : Lefokotsane le lenyenyane. The small feeble one. Use
unknown.

E. sanguinea, Hochst and Steud.

Ravines and mountain slopes. Flowers yellowish. Summer (Feb-
ruary). A. Dieterlen, 960a ! 960b ! ; garden of the residency at
Maseru and veld at Tlapaneng, flowers yellowish. Autumn (April).
A. Dieterlen, 981 ! ; veld, near a donga 011 the road from Maseru to
Berea, flowers yellowish. Autumn (April). A. Dieterlen, 988!

DISTRIBUTION : Natal. G-riqualaud West. Orange Free State
(Bethulie).

SESUTO : Seloe. Do not fight. Khama-masoana. Strangle the
young bachelors. Tatampoi e nyenyane. Meaning unknown. A
medicine for sore breasts in sucking mothers is prepared from it.

E. sp.

Mountain slopes at Malavaneng, Leribe District. 10-30 in. high,
flowers yellowish. Summer (January). A. Dieterlen, 675a !

SESUTO: Sehlakoana se senyenyane. The small " Sehlakoana." Use
unknown.

PHYLLANTHUS, Linn.
P. Woodii,Hutch.

Under rocks and on the bauks of streams. 2^-18 in. high, flowers
yellowish. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 537 !
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.
SESUTO: Seloe. Do not fight. See note under Euphorbia sanguinea.

P. sp.

Mountain slopes. 6-15 in. in. high, flowers yellowish. Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 675b !

SESUTO: Sehlakoana se senyenyane. The small " Sehlakoana." Use
unknown.

CLUYTIA, Linn
C. natalensis, Bernh.

Banks of streams. 1-44 ft. high, flowers cream. Autumn. A.
Dieterlen, 321 ! ; bush in ravines and near water at the entrance of the

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 259

/ w

ravines, flowers greenish, Phillips, 582 ! 622 ! 637 ! ; Caledon River,
Zeyher, 1512 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. East Griqualaud. Natal.

SESUTO : Mosah e mofubelu. The red woman (so-called because the
stems of the adult plant have a reddish colour). Used to make the
enclosures (" liotloana ") surrounding the native huts.

C. pulchella, Linn.

Ravine and mountain slopes. Bush, flowers cream. Spring-Summer.
A. Dieterlen, 258 ! ; bush, 3-4 ft. high ; in ravine, Phillips, 577 !

DISTRIBUTION -. Cape.

SESUTO : Mohlatsoa-mafi. He who washes thick milk. Used for
fuel.

*C. hirsuta, E. Mey.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5600 ft., December, Bohis, 8250 !
DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

\

*C. nana, Praiu.

Mont-aux-Sources, c. 9300 ft., October. Mann in Herb. Marloth,

2870!

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

*C. alpina, Prain.

Wittebergeu, Ben McDhui, c. 9300 ft., March, Galpin, 6827 !
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

ACALYPHA, Li i,, i.
*A. punctata, Meisu.

Bester's Vlei, near Witzie's Hoek, 5700 ft,, December, Bolus, 8251 !

URTICACEAK.

CELTIS, Linn.
C. Kraussiana, Bernh.

Dry spots on mountain slopes. A tree, flowers cream. Spring.
A. Dieterlen, 193 !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Natal.

SESUTO : Molutu. Meaning unknown. MohatVa-Khomo. An ox
tail. Used for making strong sticks, building huts, and also as fuel.

* These four species were added after I had completed my table showing the
systematic constituents of the Eastern Mountain Eegion flora.

260 Annals of the South African Museum.

CANNAB1S, Linn.
C. sativa, Liim.

Veld and cultivated. 2-5 ft. high, flowers yellow. Autumn. A.
Dieterlen, 115 !

DISTRIBUTION : Albany. Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Matakoane. MatoJcoane. Matekoane. Meaning unknown.
These are all forms of the same word. 'Moana. Meaning unknown-
Smoked by many of the natives. The seeds are ground and mixed
with bread or " pap " and given to a child which is being weaned.

UETICA, Linn.
U. clioica, Linn, var. eckloniana.

Mountain slopes. Flowers cream. Autumn. A. Dieterlen, 59b ! ;
Caledon Eiver, Burke, 306 !

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SESUTO : Bobatsi. Meaning unknown. A cure for snake-bite is
prepared from this and other plants.

U. Meyeri, Wedd., var. lobulata.

Stony spots on mountain slopes. Flowers cream. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 59a !

DISTRIBUTION : G-raaff Eeinet. Molteno.

SESUTO : Bobatsi. See under U. dioica var. eckl>>niana.

MYEICACEAE.

MYEICA, Linn.
M. aethiopica, Linn.

Mountain slopes. A bush, flowers yellowish. Summer. A. Die-
terl^n, 561 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Natal.

SESUTO : Monna e motso. The black man. Malilleka. Maloleha.
Meanings unknown. A medicine given in cases of painful menstrua-
tion is prepared from it. Also used for fuel.

SAIJCINEAE.

SALIX, Linn.
S. capensis, Thunb.

Streams in Kloof. A tree, flowers white. Summer. A. Dieterlen,.
314a!

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 261

DISTRIBUTION : Namaqualand Minor. Worcester. Ceres. East
Griqualand. Griqualand West. Transvaal (Barberton).

SESUTO: Moluoane. Meaning unknown. A preparation for use in
burns is made from it. The " Lefehlo," a stick used in starting a fire
by friction, is made from the branches. Also used for fuel.

S. Woodii, Seem.

Caledon Eiver at Metlotloaueng. Flowers white. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 314b ! ; a small overhanging tree on the banks of the
Caledon Eiver, Phillips ! ; Orange Free State, Albertina, 5-6000 ft.,
February, flowers white, Wood, 9769 !

DISTRIBUTION : Natal.

SESUTO : Moluoane. Meaning unknown. See notes under S.
capensis.

MONOCOTYLEDONS.

H YD KOCH ARID E A K.

LAGAROS1PHON, Ha, -v.
L. cf. L. muscoides, Harv.

River Hlotsi, Makokoane, Leribe District. November. A. Die-
terlen, 1031 !

SESUTO : Joang ba metsi. The grass of the water. The specimen
is without flowers or fruit.

ORCHIDEAE.

EULOPHIA, E. Br.
E. flaccida, Schltr.

Mountain slopes. 10-18 in. high, flowers yellow and green.
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 405b !

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Natal.

SESUTO : Lekoesha. The astrigeut one (a reference to the astringent
nature of the tubers). LekJwlela. That which grows of itself (re-
ferring to the fact that the plant propagates itself vegetatively bv
means of the underground tubers). Another meaning of the same
word is : " He who tears or snatches away (tli" disease)." The burnt
tubers are crushed and the powder placed in incisions made on sore
limbs. The natives say the medicine snatches away the pain. Among
the Orchidean the natives only employ species of Eulophia medicinally,
as indicated above. See also under E. hians.

262 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. aemula, Schltr.

Caledon Eiver, Burke ; Harrismith, Sankey, 257 ; Eland's River
Valley, near the Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., January, Flanagan, 1984 t

DISTRIBUTION : Komgha. Transkei. Tembuland. Natal. Trans-
vaal (Magaliesberg, Barberton, Lydenburg, Pretoria, Heidelberg).

E. Flanagan!, Bolus.

Methotloaneng, on the banks of the Caledon. 12-20 in. high,,
flowers lilac. Spring. A. Diet>rlen, 861 !

DISTRIBUTION : Queenstown. Aliwal North. Komgha.

SESTTTO : Lekholela. See E. flaccida. ' Mametsana. The mother of
the little water. This is an allusion to the watery nature of the
tubers. The native children eat the tubers freely, so much so, that
orchids are becoming rare in Basutoland.

E. hians, Spreug.

Veld and mountain slopes. 12-18 in. high, flowers dark violet.
Spring. A. Dieterlen, 291 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. George. Bathurst. Albany. Bedford.
Fort Beaufort. Stockenstroom. Queenstown. Cathcart. Komgha.
Transkei. Tembuland. East Griqualaud. Natal. Orange Free
Sta.te (Bethlehem). Transvaal (various localities).

SESUTO : Mahi'ilahanya. These arising in succession adhering one
with another. (An allusion to thu manner in which the tubers are
formed). Moisatt'lea. He who goes far. (An allusion to growth of
the plant). Ret? la ntja. The testicle of a dog. Lekholela. See
E. flaccida. The tubers of this plant or E. hians (or both) are placed
in a clay pot filled with water. This water is drunk daily by barren
women (the pot being kept full by the addition of fresh supplies)
for four months, after which they become pregnant.

E. robust a, Eolfe.

Mountain slopes and plateau. 12-18 in. high, flowers pale mauve
and violet, Spring. A. Dieterlen, 134!; Natal, Oliver's Hoek,
sources of the Tugela River, 4000 ft., Allison, B. ; Drakeusbergen in
Basutolaud, Sanderson, 628.

DISTRIBUTION : Tenibuland, East Griqualaud. Natal. Orange
Free State (Bethlehem, Ventersburg). Transvaal (Magaliesberg,
Mooi River, near Heidelberg, Barbertou, Pilgrim's Rest, Johannes-
burg, Pretoria, Carolina).

SESUTO : Lekholela la Mati-bele. The " Lekholela " of the Matabele.
Lekoesha. See E. flaccida. Moisatelea. See E. hians. See also note
under E. hians.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 263

E. calanthoides, Schltr.

Natal, Oliver's Hoek, sources of the Tugela River, 5000 ft.
Allison; Van Reeneu, 5-6000 ft., Wood, 5569.

DISTRIBUTION : Orange Free State (no locality). Transvaal (near
Nylstroom, Potgieter's Rust).

E. subintegra, Rolfe.

Natal, damp places Oliver's Hoek, sources of Tugela River, 5000 ft.,
Allison, 8.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. Zeyheri, Hook, f.

Basutolaud, without precise locality, Bryce ; Natal, Oliver's Hoek,
source of the Tugela River, 4000 ft., Allison.

DISTRIBUTION : Tenibuland. East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal,
(Magaliesberg, near Johannesberg, near Lydenberg, Potchefstroom,
Ermelo, Pilgrim's Rest, Heidelberg).

E. leontoglossa, Reichb. f.

Veld and mountain slopes. 5-10 in. high, flowers yellow, or green
and yellow. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 405a ! 896!; Witteberg,
Mrs. Barber, 647 ; in the valley of the Eland's River, near the
Moiit-aux-Sources, 6-7000 ft., January, Flanagan, 1985 ! ; Natal,
near Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft,, Wood, 7545 ; hills Polela, Mrs. Clarke,
49.

DISTRIBUTION : Tenibuland. East G-riqualand. Orange Free State
(Bethlehem). Transvaal (Magaliesberg, Lydenburg, Mac Mac,
Pretoria, Barberton, Johannesburg, Crocodile River)-

SESUTO : Lekohlela, and Lekoesha. See E. flaccida.

E. Sankeyi, Rolfe.

Harrismith, Sankey, 306.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

E. oliveriana, Bolus.

Mountains near the farm, Bester's Vlei, 6400 ft., December-
January, Bolus, 8300 ! ; in the valley of the Eland's River and
Bester's Vlei Mountains, 6000 ft., December-January, Flanagan,
1936 ! ; Natal, Van Reenen, 5-6000 ft., December, Wood, 7545.

DISTRIBUTION : Stockenstroom. King William's Town. Tembu-
land. East G-riqualand. Natal. Transvaal (Bai'berton, Hooge
Veld).

264 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. aculeata, Spreng.

Plateau at " Lithayaneng." 12 in. high, flowers pure white. Spring-
Summer. A. Dieterlen, 856 !

DISTRIBUTION : Cape. Stellenbosch. Caledon. Eiversdale. George.
Knysna. Humaiisdorp. Uitenhage. Port Elizabeth. Albany.
Somerset East. Tembulaud. Transvaal (Barbertou).

SESUTO : Lekholela. See E. flaccida.

E. foliosa, Bolus.

Mountain slopes and plateau at Malavaneng. 8-18 in. high, flowers
green, yellow and crimson, or dark violet and green. Summer. A.
Dieterlen, 739 ! 865 !; Natal, Van Eeenen's Pass, 5-6000 ft,, Wood,
5863.

DISTRIBUTION : Transkei. Tembuland. East Griqualand. Natal.
Zululand. Swaziland. Orange Free State (no locality). Transvaal
(Houtbosch, near Heidelberg, Carolina, Eland's Spruit Eange,
Belfast).

SESUTO : Lekholela. See E. flaccida. 'Mametsana. See E. Flanac/ani.

MYSTACIDIUM, Lindl.
M. gracile, Harv.

Natal, Niginya, 5500 ft,, October, flowers cream, Wood, 10615 !
DISTRIBUTION: Bedford. Stutterheim.

BEACHYCORYTHIS, Lindl.
B. Allisoni, Eolfe.

Natal, in dump places at Oliver's Hoek, sources of the Tugela
Eiver, 4000 ft,, Allison.
DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

B. Tysoni, Bolus.

Damp spots on slopes and plateau. 8-15 in. high, flowers white
and pink. Summer. A. Dieterlen, 481 ! ; grassy slopes at foot and
near summit of Quaqua Mtrt. Witzie's Hoek, c. 6000 ft., January.
Flowers reddish white. Thode, 51 ! ; Natal, sources of Tugela Eiver
at Oliver's Hoek, 4000 ft., Allison.

DISTRIBUTION : Bedford. Tembuland. East Grriqualand. Trans-
vaal (Botsubelo, Houtbosch, Belfast).

SESUTO : 'Mametsana a manyenyane. The little mother of the
small water. The tubers are eaten by children.

Flora of the Leribe Plateau and Environs. 265

B. virginea, Eolfe.

Sides and summit of Mont-aux-Sources, 8-9000 ft., January,
Flanagan, 1982 ! , October, Mann in Herb. Marloth, 2883 ! ; Natal,
Van Eeeneu's Pass, 6-7000 ft., Schlechter.

DISTRIBUTION : Endemic.

SCHIZOCHILUS, Bond.
S. Zeyh